Mukati
Nzira yekubata nelma (white salmon): nzira dzekuredza, kubata, nzvimbo dzekugara uye zviredzo
Mazita maviri ehove anoenderana nemamiriro ekugara. Nelma imhando yehove inogara muArctic Ocean basin, hove chena - hove inogara mugungwa reCaspian. Nekuda kwehukuru hukuru, panogona kunge paine misiyano mune zvehupenyu uye biology. Mafomu ekumaodzanyemba anokura zvishoma nekukurumidza. Nelma inogona kusvika kuhukuru hwe40 kg, iyo whitefish inoratidzirwa nehukuru hunyoro hunosvika 20 kg. Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe whitefish, inokura nekukurumidza. Zvinoenderana nemararamiro, hove ndeye semi-anadromous mhando.
Nzira dzekubata salmon chena
Kuvhima hove iyi kunogona kusiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana, zvese maererano negiya uye mwaka wehove. Saumoni chena-Nelma inobatwa pamagiya akasiyana-siyana, asi mhando dzeamateur dzinosanganisira kuruka, kuredza nhunzi, tsvimbo yekuredza, kutsika kana track.
Kubata nelma-white salmon pakuruka
Kuredza nelma munzizi dzeSiberia kungada ruzivo rwakati uye mwoyo murefu. Vose vane ruzivo vanobata hove vanoti zvakakosha zvikuru kuziva nzvimbo yekubata hove. Mukuwedzera, hove dzakangwarira zvikuru uye dzinosarudza nezvezviredzo. Senguva dzose, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kubata hove huru kunoda giya rakavimbika. Pakubata nelma, zvinodikanwa kushandisa zvimwe zviredzo. Nelma - whitefish inodya hove duku, mawobblers uye spinners inofanira kuva duku muhukuru. Nokudaro, miedzo yekutenderera inofanira kuenderana nemabheti, zvichida kusvika 10-15 gramu. Zviri nani kusarudza yepakati kana yepakati-yekukurumidza chiito chetsvimbo, iyo inoreva kureba kukanda uye kutamba kwakasununguka kwehove dzine hupenyu. Kureba kwetsvimbo kunofanira kunyatsoenderana nechiyero cherwizi uye mamiriro ekubata hove.
Fly hove ye nelma
Nelma anopindura zvakanaka kubhururutsa hwambo hwekuredza. Chaizvoizvo, ava vanhu vadiki. Kusarudzwa kwegiya kunoenderana neanoredza, asi zvakakosha kufunga kuti zvakanakisa mhedzisiro yekubata nelma ichave ine nhunzi dzehove dzinogona kuita marefu akakanda. Gear 5-6 kirasi inogona kutorwa seyakanaka. Zvichida kushandiswa kwetambo refu-refu nemharidzo yakapfava.
Kubata nelma - salmon chena pane mamwe magiya
Mienzaniso mikuru yehove chena inopindura zvakanakisisa kune zviredzo zvepanyama, kunyanya chirauro mhenyu uye hove dzakafa. Nokuda kweizvi, tsvimbo dzinotenderera kana "kukanda kwenguva refu" dzakanakisisa. Pane imwe nguva, hove inoruma zvakanaka pamagiya ekuyangarara nechirauro chakagadzirwa nehonye, boka rehonye dzeropa kana mago. Uye zvakadaro, yekutamba hove yeCaspian whitefish hombe, kushandiswa kwechirauro mhenyu kana kubata nehove kunogona kutorwa senzira inobata zvakanyanya.
Zviredzo
Nekuputira hove, kuruka makumbo anorema 7-14 magiramu, ane petal No. 3-4 muBlue Fox kana Mepps classification, ichava yakakwana. Sezvo mutemo, maspinningists anoshandisa mavara evaspinner, anoenderana nemuvara wehove inogara murwizi. Zvisungo zvakakodzerwa nehukuru hwemainvertebrates emunharaunda, ese nhunzi dzakaoma uye nymphs, akakodzera kubata hove. Chikafu chekukura kwepakati nelma - hove chena yakafanana nedzimwe hove chena, saka kubata hove nemakumbo maduku ekuredza nhunzi kwakakosha.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Nelma anogara munzizi dzinodira muArctic Ocean kubva kuWhite Sea kuenda kuAnadyr. MuNorth America, inowanikwa kusvika kunzizi dzeMackenzie neYukon. Mumadziva nemadziva inogona kuita mafomu ekugara. Caspian whitefish inopinda munzizi dzeVolga basin kusvika kuUrals. Dzimwe nguva whitefish inobereka muTerek River.
Kubereka
Chimiro cheCaspian - hove chena inokura kare, pazera remakore 4-6. Hove dzinotanga kusimuka kubva kuCaspian pakupera kwezhizha. Kubereka muna October-November. Nekuda kwekuti mamiriro e hydrographic padyo neVolga achinja, nzvimbo dzekuberekesa salmon chena dzakachinja zvakare. Nzvimbo dzekuberekesa hove dzakarongwa pane jecha - pasi pematombo munzvimbo dzinobuda zvitubu nekudziya kwemvura kwe2-4.0C. Fecundity yehove yakakwirira, munguva yehupenyu hwayo hove chena inobereka kakawanda, asi kwete gore negore. Nelma inosiyana pakuti inokura chete nemakore 8-10. Hove dzinotanga kukwira munzizi nokukurumidza pashure pokunge aizi yakukurwa. Kubereka kunoitika munaSeptember. Pamwe chete neCaspian white salmon, nelma haibereke gore negore. Nelma anowanzo gadzira mafomu ekugara asingaendi kugungwa kunokora.