Ciguatera chirwere chekudya chinokonzerwa nekudya hove dzine muchetura unonzi “ciguatoxin”. Iyi neurotoxin inoshanda pane calcium chiteshi chetsinga system. Inoshandura kuenzana kwemaneuroni uye inokonzera kugaya uye matambudziko emwoyo. Izvi zvinoguma nemaawa anotevera kudyiwa kwayo nemarwadzo emudumbu, achiperekedzwa nekusvotwa, kurutsa kana manyoka. Zvimwe zviratidzo, zvakadai sedzungu, kuoma mitezo kana hypersalivation zvinogona kuitika. Chirwere cheCiguatera chinoda kubvunza chiremba. Kurapa kune zviratidzo.

Izwi rekuti Ciguatera rinobva pazita reCuban "cigua" rediki mollusk Cittarium pica, inonziwo Antilles troch. Chirwere cheCiguatera, kana "kuvava" nekuda kwekukwenya kwachinokonzera, chave kuzivikanwa kubva muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Zvinokonzerwa nekudya hove hombe dzemunzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa, dzakadai sebarracuda, dzine muchetura unonzi “ciguatoxin”, unobudiswa ne<em>microscopic algae inokura mumakorari akasvibiswa.

Chirwere cheCiguatera chakazara mumwaka yese munzvimbo dzinopisa uye munzvimbo dzinopisa (Oceania, Polynesia, Indian Ocean, Caribbean). Mvura inofanira kuva inodziya uye inodzivirira matombo emakorari. Ngozi yekutapukirwa yakakura mushure medutu.

Ciguatoxin, inokonzera chirwere ichi, inogadzirwa negweta risingaoneki, rinonzi Gambierdiscus toxicus, rinokura mumapfupa emakorari akafa. Izvi zvinopinzwa nehove mumakorari akasvibiswa, uye, sezvo cheni yezvokudya inofambira mberi, inogona kuisa pfungwa muhove dzinodya nyama, idzo pachadzo dzinodyiwa nehombe kupfuura ivo. Iyo yekupedzisira, se moray eel kana barracuda, inobva yabatwa nevanhu vanoidya. Mwero yeCiguatoxin ndeyekurongeka kwema nanograms zana kana kuti mamicrograms, anokwana kutanga zviratidzo muvanhu.

Saka pane njodzi yekudya muchetura kune vatengi vehove idzi, kunyanya sezvo muchetura uyu usingaite kubikwa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei mamwe marudzi achirambidzwa kubata hove zvichienderana nehuremu hwadzo uye kana zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yadzo yekuredza. Kuti udzivise chirwere cheCiguatera, zvinokurudzirwa, kana uchigara munzvimbo dzine chepfu, kutevedzera mazano anotevera.

Dzivisa kudya hove "huru kupfuura ndiro yako".

Zvakaita se:

• grouper;
• barracuda; 
• hove yeparrot;
• shark;
• Surgeonfish;
• lutjan ;
• lever; 
• crab;
• overcast ;
• loche ;
• bécune
• napoleon hove, nezvimwewo.

Mamwe mazano

Zvakakosha kuti:

• usambodya chiropa kana viscera yehove kubva munzvimbo idzi;
• kusadya hove dzisingadyiwi nevagari vemo;
• gara uchiratidza hove dzako kune mubati wehove usati wadya.

Ciguatoxin inonzi neurotoxin inoshanda mumatanho ecalcium etsinga dzetsinga. Inoshandura kuenzana kwemaneuroni uye inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakawanda. Kazhinji, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa pakati peawa 1 kusvika ku4 mushure mekudya, zvisingawanzo kupfuura maawa makumi maviri nemana:

Zviratidzo zvekudya

Zviratidzo zvinowanzotanga nezviratidzo zvekugaya:

• nausea;
• kurutsa;
• manyoka;
• marwadzo emudumbu ;
• hypersalivation kana muromo wakaoma.

Zviratidzo zvemwoyo

Cardiovascular zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuoma kwechepfu:

• brachycardia (inononoka pulse);
• arterial hypotension.

Zvimwe zviratidzo

Neurological zviratidzo:

• paresthesias (tingling) kunyanya mumigumo uye chiso, kunyanya miromo;
• kunzwa chiveve;
• manzwiro ekutsva kana kuputika kwemagetsi pakubata nezvinhu zvinotonhora;
• kurongeka uye kuenzanisa kusagadzikana;
• confusion;
• kuona zvinhu zvisipo ;
• headache;
• chizoro;
• kuoma mitezo, nezvimwewo.

Zviratidzo zveganda:

• itching (pruritus) kunyanya pazvanza zvemaoko nepasi petsoka;
• kutsvuka.

Zvimwe zviratidzo:

• kurwadziwa kwemhasuru uye majoini;
• ziya;
• ndaneta.

Chirwere cheCiguatera chinogona kuva chakakomba zvikuru uye chinotouraya kana pakaoma mitezo yetsandanyama yokufema kana kuti kutadza kushanda kwemwoyo. Kubudirira kwe "hypersensitivity" kune hove uye zvokudya zvemugungwa zvinobvira.

Hosha yeCiguatera hairapiki, iyo inopera yoga mukati memazuva. Kune rimwe divi, manejimendi ezvinodhaka ane chinangwa chekudzikisa zviratidzo, kunyanya matambudziko emwoyo, neakanyanya njodzi. Symptomatic marapirwo anotevera.

Kurwisa itching:

• antihistamines (Teldane, Polaramine);
• yemunharaunda anesthetics (lidocaine gel).

Kugadzirisa gastrointestinal kusagadzikana:

• antispasmodics;
• antiemetics;
• antidiarrheal.

Muchiitiko chekukanganiswa kwemoyo, zvinokurudzirwa kuchipatara murwere anogona kuiswa pasi pe:

• corticosteroids kudzivirira kutanga kwekuvhunduka;
• atropine sulphate mu bradycardias isina kushivirira;
• cardiac analeptics mu hypotension.

Kana pane neurological kusagadzikana: 

• vitamini therapy (B1, B6 uye B12);
• amitriptyline (Laroxyl, Elavil);
• Tiapridal yakasanganiswa nedexamethasone;
• salicylic acid yakabatana necolchicine.

Sezvo kuora mwoyo kwekufema kuri chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zverufu kubva kuchirwere cheCiguatera, rubatsiro rwekufemesa mweya chikamu chekurapa kwekukurumidzira kwemamwe marudzi akakomba nekuoma mitezo yekufema.

Chekupedzisira, varwere vanofanirawo kudzivirira kudya hove mumazuva anotevera kutanga kwechirwere ichi kuitira kuti vasazowedzera kuwedzera kwavo ciguatoxin. Zvinwiwa zvinodhaka hazvikurudzirwiwo, sezvo zvinogona kuwedzera zviratidzo.