Nzira yehupenyu hwakanaka ndeyekunzwira vamwe tsitsi. Zvaunonzwa pamusoro pazvo muchikoro cheSvondo kana kuti hurukuro pamusoro pechiBuddha zvino zvakabvumikiswa nesayenzi uye zvinogona kurangarirwa senzira inorumbidzwa nesayenzi yokuva anofara zvikuru. Psychology purofesa Susan Krauss Whitborn anotaura zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi.
Kuda kubatsira vamwe kunogona kuuya nenzira dzakawanda. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kusava nehanya nemunhu wausingazivi kunotova rubatsiro. Unogona kusundira kure pfungwa yokuti “rega mumwe munhu azviite” wosvika kumupfuuri anogumburwa padivi penzira. Batsira kutungamira munhu anoratidzika kunge akarasika. Udza munhu arikupfuura kuti sneaker rake rakururwa. Zvese zviito zvidiki izvi zvine basa, anodaro purofesa wezvepfungwa paUniversity yeMassachusetts, Susan Krauss Whitbourne.
Kana toreva nezveshamwari nehama, betsero yedu inogona kuva inokosha zvikuru kwavari. Somuenzaniso, imwe hama ine nguva yakaoma pabasa, uye tinowana nguva yokusangana kuti tinwe kofi kuti tiibvumire kutaura nokupa zano. Muvakidzani anopinda pagedhi nemabhegi anorema, uye tinomubatsira kutakura zvokudya kuenda kuimba yacho.
Kune vamwe, zvose chikamu chebasa. Vashandi vezvitoro vanobhadharwa kubatsira vatengi kuwana zvigadzirwa zvakakodzera. Basa revarapi nevarapi vepfungwa nderokubvisa marwadzo, emuviri nepfungwa. Kukwanisa kuteerera uye kuita chimwe chinhu kubatsira avo vanoshayiwa zvimwe ndechimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha zvebasa ravo, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva zvichirema.
Tsitsi vs tsitsi
Vatsvakurudzi vanowanzodzidza kunzwira tsitsi uye kusava nehanya panzvimbo yetsitsi pachayo. Aino Saarinen nevamwe vaanoshanda navo paYunivhesiti yeOulu kuFinland vanotaura kuti, kusiyana netsitsi, dzinosanganisira kukwanisa kunzwisisa uye kugoverana mirangariro yakanaka uye yakaipa yevamwe, tsitsi zvinoreva “kuva nehanya nokutambura kwevamwe uye chido chokurerutsa. ”
Vatsigiri vepfungwa dzakanaka vave vachifunga kwenguva refu kuti chirevo chekunzwira tsitsi chinofanira kuita kuti vanhu vagare zvakanaka, asi nzvimbo iyi yakaramba ichinyatsodzidza. Nekudaro, masayendisiti eFinland anopokana kuti pane hukama pakati pehunhu hwakaita setsitsi uye kugutsikana kwehupenyu hwepamusoro, mufaro uye mafungiro akanaka. Tsitsi-seunhu hunyoro, kunzwira tsitsi, kusava nehanya nevamwe, kushamwaridzana, uye kuzvinzwira tsitsi kana kuzvigamuchira.
Tsvagiridzo yapfuura pamusoro petsitsi nehunhu hwayo hwakabatana yakafumura zvimwe zvinokatyamadza. Semuenzaniso, munhu anonyanya kunzwira tsitsi uye ane hanya ari panjodzi huru yekuora mwoyo nekuti "tsika yekunzwira tsitsi kune vamwe vanotambura inowedzera kushushikana uye inokanganisa munhu, nepo tsika yekunzwira tsitsi ichimukanganisa zvakanaka."
Fungidzira kuti mupi wezano adavira runhare, pamwe chete newe, matanga kushatirwa kana kuti kugumbuka nemhaka yokuipa kwakaita mamiriro ezvinhu aya.
Nemamwe mashoko, patinonzwa marwadzo evamwe asi tisingaiti chinhu chokuaderedza, tinonangidzira ngwariro pamativi asina kunaka echiitiko chedu pachedu uye tinganzwa tisina simba, nepo tsitsi dzichireva kuti tiri kubatsira, uye kwete kungoona kutambura kwevamwe tisina. .
Susan Whitburn anoratidza kurangarira mamiriro patakabata nerutsigiro sevhisi - semuenzaniso, mupi wedu weInternet. Matambudziko ekubatanidza panguva isina kufanira anogona kukushatirisa. “Fungidzira kuti mupi wezano akadavira foni, pamwe chete newe, akatsamwa kana kuti kushatirwa nemhaka yokuipa kwakaita mamiriro ezvinhu aya. Hazvigoneki kuti achakwanisa kukubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko racho. Nekudaro, izvi hazvigoneke kuitika: kazhinji, anobvunza mibvunzo kuti aongorore dambudziko uye ape mazano ekurigadzirisa. Apo batano yacho inogona kusimbiswa, kugara kwako zvakanaka kuchavandudzika, uye, sezvingabvira zvikuru, iye achanzwa ari nani, nemhaka yokuti achawana gutsikano yebasa rakaitwa zvakanaka.
Tsvakurudzo yenguva refu
Saarinen nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakadzidza hukama pakati petsitsi uye kugara zvakanaka zvakadzama. Kunyanya, vakashandisa data kubva kuongororo yenyika yakatanga muna 1980 ne3596 vechidiki vekuFinnish vakazvarwa pakati pa1962 na1972.
Kuedzwa mukati megadziriro yekuedza kwakaitwa katatu: muna 1997, 2001 uye 2012. Nenguva yekuedzwa kwekupedzisira muna 2012, nguva yevatori vechikamu purogiramu yakanga iri pakati pe35 kusvika ku50 makore. Kutevera kwenguva refu kwakabvumira vesainzi kuti vatarise shanduko padanho retsitsi uye zviyero zvepfungwa yevatori vechikamu yekugara zvakanaka.
Kuyera tsitsi, Saarinen nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakashandisa hurongwa hwakaoma hwemibvunzo nemashoko, mhinduro dzacho dzakawedzerwa kurongeka uye kuongororwa. Semuenzaniso: "Ndinonakidzwa nekuona vavengi vangu vachitambura", "Ndinonakidzwa nekubatsira vamwe kunyangwe vakandishungurudza", uye "Ndinovenga kuona mumwe munhu achitambura".
Vanhu vane tsitsi vanowana rutsigiro rwakawanda rwekugarisana nekuti vanochengeta mamwe maitiro akanaka ekutaurirana.
Zviyero zvekugara zvakanaka mupfungwa zvaisanganisira chiyero chezvirevo zvakadai sekuti: "Kazhinji, ndinonzwa kufara", "Ndine kutya kushoma pane vamwe vanhu vezera rangu." Chimwe chikamu chakasiyana chekugara zvakanaka chinotariswa nerutsigiro rwemagariro evanhu ("Pandinenge ndichida rubatsiro, shamwari dzangu dzinogara dzichipa"), kugutsikana kwehupenyu ("Wakagutsikana sei nehupenyu hwako?"), hutano hwepfungwa ("Wako uri sei hutano huchienzaniswa nevezera rako?"), uye tariro ("Mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kujeka, ndinofunga kuti zvinhu zvose zvichagadziriswa nenzira yakanakisisa").
Kwemakore echidzidzo, vamwe vevatori vechikamu vakachinja - zvinosuruvarisa, izvi zvinongoitika nemapurojekiti akadaro akareba. Avo vakakunda mufainari zvikurukuru vakanga vari avo vakanga vakura pakutanga kwegadziriro yacho, vakanga vasina kurega chikoro, uye vaibva kumhuri dzakadzidza dzeboka rapamusoro munzanga.
Kiyi yekugara zvakanaka
Sezvakafanotaurwa, vanhu vane mwero wepamusoro wetsitsi vakachengeta mwero wepamusoro wehutano uye hwekuziva kugara zvakanaka, kugutsikana kwehupenyu hwese, tariro, uye kutsigirwa munharaunda. Kunyange kuongororwa kwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu vakadaro kwaive kwakakwirira. Migumisiro iyi inoratidza kuti kuteerera uye kubatsira zvinhu zvinokosha pakuchengetedza hutano hwemunhu.
Munguva yekuedza, vatsvakurudzi vakacherechedza kuti vanhu vane tsitsi ivo pachavo, vakagamuchira rubatsiro rwakanyanya rwemagariro evanhu, nokuti "vakachengetedza maitiro akanaka ekutaurirana. Funga nezvevanhu vaunonzwa zvakanaka pauri. Sezvingabvira, vanoziva kuteerera netsitsi vozoedza kubatsira, uyewo havaratidziki kuva neruvengo kunyange kuvanhu vasingafadzi. Iwe unogona kunge usingadi kushamwaridzana nemunhu anotsigirwa netsitsi, asi iwe zvechokwadi haunganetse kuwana rubatsiro rwavo nguva inotevera kana iwe uri mudambudziko. "
"Kugona kwetsitsi kunotipa mabhenefiti akakosha epfungwa, ayo anosanganisira kwete chete kuvandudzwa manzwiro, hutano, uye kuzviremekedza, asiwo network yakawedzera nekusimbiswa yeshamwari nevatsigiri," anopfupisa Susan Whitbourne. Nemamwe mashoko, masayendisiti kunyanguvezvo akabvumikisa nesayenzi izvo vazivi vave vachinyora pamusoro pazvo kwenguva refu uye izvo vatsigiri vezvitendero zvakawanda zvinoparidza: tsitsi nokuda kwavamwe kunoita kuti tifare zvikuru.
NezveMunyori: Susan Krauss Whitborn purofesa wepfungwa paYunivhesiti yeMassachusetts uye munyori wemabhuku gumi nematanhatu epfungwa.