Computed tomography, inonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi peshoko rekuti "scanner", yakaonekwa kekutanga muna 1972. Iyi ongororo yemwaranzi inoshandisa maX-ray. Inoitiswa nachiremba wemwaranzi, inotora mifananidzo yakajeka mumativi matatu. Computed tomography inobvumira kudzidza kwenhengo dzemurwere uye inoona kumwe kusarongeka zvakanyanya chaizvo kupfuura mamwe bvunzo.

Computed tomography (CT) ndeye X-ray bvunzo. Iyi nzira yekurapa yekurapa, inoitwa nachiremba radiologist, inonziwo scanner (kana CT-Scan: muChirungu, computed tomography). Inobatanidza kushandiswa kweX-rays necomputer system. Izvi zvinobvumira kune dzakaonda zvikamu zvemuviri zvemuviri. 

Iyo mhete ine x-ray chubhu uye seti yeakaona:

• x-ray danda rinotenderera rakatenderedza murwere;
• X-ray michina inounganidza hunhu hwemapango ayo apfuura nemuviri wemurwere;
• yakaongororwa nekombuta, ruzivo urwu runobvumira kugadzirwa kwemufananidzo. Icho chaicho chemasvomhu chemufananidzo wekuvakazve algorithm iyo inoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana maonero eiyo nhengo.

Nhengo dzinogona kudzidzwa zvakasiyana. Computed tomography saka inoita kuti zvikwanisike kugadzirisa 2D kana 3D mifananidzo yezvimiro zvakasiyana zveatomical. Iko kushoma kwekuona kwekuona saizi, kunyanya, inovandudzwa zvakanyanya neiyo scanner.

Kushandiswa kwenzira yekusiyanisa

Kuti uvandudze kuoneka kwetishu, iodine-based musiyano chigadzirwa inowanzo shandiswa. Inotangwa nemuromo, kana kupinda mukati. Iyo jekiseni inofanirwa kuchinjika kumurwere, iyo nhengo yekufarira, yekiriniki mamiriro. Iyo majekiseni akajowa anofanirwa kuita mukudzidzira anoenderana nehuremu hwemurwere. 

Ichi chinongedzo chepakati chinhu chinogonesa zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Chinangwa ndechekuita kuti vaoneke pamifananidzo yakatorwa panguva yekuongorora. Aya ayidhi akasiyanisa midhiya, ayo semuenzaniso anoita kuti Urinary turakiti uye tsinga dzeropa dzive nemakore, zvinoiswa muchimiro chechinhu chinonzi iomeprol. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utarise njodzi dzinenge dzichirwara, dziripo zvisinei nemabatiro ehutongi uye nedosi.

Vanosvika mamirioni mashanu ma scanner anogadzirwa muFrance pagore, mumakore achangopfuura (2015 nhamba), 70 mamirioni muUnited States. Iyi bvunzo haina kukurudzirwa kune vakadzi vane nhumbu.

Kufungidzira kwekurapa kwakakosha mukumisikidza kuongororwa, kuongorora kuomarara kwechirwere, kana kunyatsoongorora kushanda kwekurapa. Iko mukana wekupenengura neye scanner ndeyekuti inopa ruzivo rwakanyanya pamusoro penzvimbo dzakadzidzwa. Computed tomography inoratidzirwa mukutsvaga kwezvipembenene zvisingaoneki pane ultrasound kana pane zvakajairika x-ray:

• pfungwa. Zvekutsvaga kwehuropi, izvo zvinoratidza zvekomputa tomography nhasi zvinonyanya kunetsa varwere vane kutambudzika kwemusoro, kana mune kufungidzirwa kwekubuda ropa mukati. Zvekutsvaga kweasina-kutambudza cerebral pathologies, zviri nani iyo MRI ichaitwa (bvunzo inoshandisa iyo magnetic field uye radio masaisai);

• Thorax. Iyo scanner nhasi ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka radiology bvunzo yekutsvaga kweiyo thorax;

• Madzi. Computed tomography ndeimwe yeakanakisa x-ray bvunzo dzekuongorora dumbu. Kunyanya, inopa kuonga kwakanaka kwese "kuzere" nhengo dzemukati-dumbu;

• Maronda bone. Iyo scanner inobvumira kuongororwa kwemaronda emapfupa akadai sekutsemuka;

• Zvirwere tsinga. Computed tomography bvunzo yekujairira kutsvaga pulmonary embolism kana aortic dissection.

Computed tomography inonyanya kukosha kuongorora dumbu uye thorax nekuti inopa yakanyanya resolution resolution. Iyo zvakare yakakwira kwazvo mukutsvaga kwekutsemuka, kana calcium kana ropa mumatumbu. Iyo CT scan, kune rumwe rutivi, haina chishandiso chishoma pakufunda kwezvinyoro zvinyama, kunze kwekutsvaga kwekuverengwa mune bundu.

• kubuda ropa;
• mamota;
• cysts;
• utachiona. 

Uye zvakare, scanner inogona kubatsira mukutarisa kweimwe kurapwa, kunyanya mune oncology.

Pamberi bvunzo

Pamberi pekuongorora, murwere anobvisa zvese zvesimbi. Iyo CT scan ingangoda jekiseni remusiyano wechigadzirwa: mune ino kesi, radiologist inoisa mutsara wehuturu (tsono yakabatana kune catheter) padanga regokora.

Panguva bvunzo

Murwere akarara patafura inofamba ichipinda mhete. Iyi mhete ine x-ray chubhu uye seti yevanowona. Panguva yekuongorora, murwere anofanirwa kuramba asingafambi, akarara patafura. Murwere ari ega mumba, anogona, kuburikidza nemakrofoni, kutaurirana neboka rezvechiremba zvichitevera kuongororwa kumashure kwegirazi rinotungamira. Iyo avhareji nguva yemubvunzo iri panenge kota yeawa.

Nzvimbo yakajairika kumurwere ndeyekurara kumusana nemaoko ari pamusoro pemusoro. Kuongorora hakurwadze. Dzimwe nguva uchafanirwa kumira kufema kwemasekondi mashoma. Izvo zvinodawo kuchengetedza iyo venous nzira kwechinguva, kuitira kana iyo yeergoriki reaction ichizotevera ichitevera jekiseni.

Mushure bvunzo

Murwere anogona kuenda kumba asina kuperekedzwa, anozokurudzirwa kunwa yakawanda kuitira kuti akurumidze kubvisa chakasiyana chigadzirwa. Kazhinji zvinokurudzirwa kunwa marita maviri emvura panguva yekuzorora kwezuva.

Kuziva :

• mushure mekuongorora, radiologist inogona kuongorora mifananidzo nekukurumidza uye nekukurumidza tsanangura mhedzisiro yekutanga kumurwere;

• dudziro yemifananidzo dzimwe nguva ingangoda nguva yakawanda, kupihwa kwekupedzisira kwemhedzisiro saka kunowanzoitwa mukati maawa makumi maviri nemana ekushanda. Zvingangoda zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kuomarara zvekombuta basa;

• mune zviitiko zvakaoma kwazvo, mhedzisiro yacho inogona kutora kusvika kumazuva matatu ekushanda mushure mekuongororwa.

Chirevo chinotumirwa kunachiremba anonyora neposvo, pamwe nemifananidzo yakadhindwa uye kazhinji chifananidzo CD-ROM. 

Kana paine chero kusanzwisisika, izvi zvinowanzo ratidza mumifananidzo semavara, maqhubu, kana opacities. Computed tomography inoona zvisizvo zvidiki, izvo zvingave zvakaderera kana zvakaenzana nemamirimita matatu. Nekudaro, izvi zvisizvo hazvireve hazvo chiratidzo checancer, semuenzaniso. Iyo dudziro inotsanangurirwa kumurwere nachiremba, anozotaura nezvechirwere.