Crucian: tsananguro yehove, pekugara, mararamiro uye nzira yekubata hove

Carp ihove inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinenge dzose dzine mvura. Iyo crucian carp inorarama mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mamwe marudzi ehove anofa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti crucian carp inogona kunyura mukati me silt uye kupedza nguva yechando mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, iri mumamiriro ekugadzirisa mifananidzo. Carp hove ibasa rinonakidza. Mukuwedzera, hove iyi ine nyama inonaka, saka zvakawanda zvine utano uye zvinonaka zvinogona kugadzirwa kubva mairi.

Crucian: tsananguro, mhando

Crucian carp mumiriri ane mukurumbira wemhuri yecarp uye genus yezita rimwe chete - genus ye crucians. Iyo crucian carp ine muviri wepamusoro, wakamanikidzwa kubva kumativi. Iyo dorsal fin yakareba uye kumashure kwayo kwakakora. Muviri wakafukidzwa nehukuru, hwakatsetseka kusvika pakubata, zviyero. Ruvara rwehove runogona kusiyana zvishoma, zvichienderana nemamiriro ekugara.

Muzvisikwa, kune marudzi maviri e carp: sirivha negoridhe. Mhando yakajairika ndeye silver carp. Kune imwe mhando - yekushongedza, iyo yakagadzirwa nemaoko uye inozivikanwa kune vakawanda aquarist pasi pezita rokuti "goldfish".

Goldfish

Sirivha carp kunze inosiyana negoridhe carp, kwete chete muvara wezviyero, asiwo muhuwandu hwemuviri. Uyezve, kusiyana kwakadaro kunonyanya kutsamira pakugara. Kana iwe ukatarisa kubva kudivi, ipapo muromo wesirivheri carp unonge wakanongedza, nepo iyo yegoridhe carp, inenge yakatenderera. Chinhu chinosiyanisa chimiro chemushure uye nekumashure zvimbi. Ranzi rekutanga rezvimbi izvi rinotaridzika kunge spike yakaoma, uye yakapinza chaizvo. Mamwe mairanzi akapfava uye asina-prickly. Iyo caudal fin yakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Mhando iyi ye carp inokwanisa kubereka vana ne gynogenesis.

Golden crucian

Ndarama kana, sezvavanodanwawo, macrucians akajairwa anogara mumadziva akafanana neaya esirivha, nepo asinganyanyi kuwanda. Chokutanga pane zvose, crucian yegoridhe yakasiyana nemuvara wezviyero, izvo zvinosiyaniswa negoridhe hue. Macrucians egoridhe haana kusiyana muhukuru hunoshamisa. Vanosiyanawo pakuti zvimbi zvese zvakapendwa nemavara matema. Panyaya iyi, silver carp ine golden hue inonzi sirivheri carp, pasinei nokuti mafins ane mumvuri wakafanana nezviyero.

Kugovera nekugara

Crucian carp ihove inogara munzvimbo dzinenge dzese dzemvura dzemakondinendi ese, kunyangwe pakutanga yaigara murwizi rweAmur. Iyo crucian pane kukurumidza, kwete pasina kupindira kwevanhu, yakapararira kune dzimwe Siberian uye yeEurope miviri yemvura. Kugadziriswa kwe crucian carp kunoitika mumazuva edu, nokuti inotanga kugara mumvura yeIndia neNorth America, pamwe chete nedzimwe nzvimbo. Zvinosuruvarisa, nhamba yekapu yakajairika (yegoridhe) iri kuderera zvakanyanya, sezvo sirivheri carp iri kutsiva iyi mhando.

Crucian anofarira kugara mune chero madhamu, ese ane mvura isingayerere, uye mumamiriro ekuvapo kwezvino. Panguva imwecheteyo, nokuda kwebasa rayo rehupenyu, inosarudza nzvimbo dzemvura dzine pasi rakapfava uye kuvapo kwemiti yakawanda yemvura. Crucian carp inobatwa mumadhamu akasiyana-siyana, uyewo mumvura yekuseri kwenzizi, mumigwagwa, mumadziva, matombo ane mafashamo, etc. Crucian carp ihove isingatsvaki pamusoro pekusangana kweokisijeni mumvura, saka inogara munzvimbo dzine mvura. inogona kutonhora kusvika pasi muchando. Iyo crucian inosarudza kutungamirira mararamiro ebhenthic, sezvo inowana zvokudya zvayo pazasi.

Zera nekukura

Kazhinji crucian carp (yegoridhe) inokura pakureba kusvika hafu yemamita, ichiwana uremu hunenge 3 kg. Silver carp yakanyanya kuzvininipisa muhukuru: inokura kusvika masendimita makumi mana pakureba, ine uremu husingapfuuri 40 kg. Vanhu vakadaro vanonzi vachembera. Hove yakakura yekufarira kune muredzi haipfuure huremu hwe2 kg.

Mumadhamu maduku, crucian carp inowedzera uremu kwete kupfuura 1,5 kg, kunyange kana pane chikafu chakanaka chekudya, kukosha uku kunogona kuva kwakakura zvikuru.

Crucian carp inova yakakura mune zvepabonde, inosvika pazera remakore 3-5 uye kuwana uremu hunenge 400 gramu. Ichokwadi, vazhinji vevanhu vane makore matatu vanosvika kurema kwete kupfuura 3 gramu. Pazera remakore maviri, crucian carp ine urefu hunosvika 200 cm. Kana mamiriro ehupenyu akanyatsogadzikana uye kune chikafu chakakwana, vanhu vane makore maviri vanogona kuyera kusvika ku4 gramu.

Nokudaro, tinogona kutaura zvakachengeteka kuti ukuru hwehove uye uremu hwayo zvakananga zvinoenderana nekuvapo kwezvokudya zvekudya. Crucian inodya zvakanyanya pakudya kwezvirimwa, saka, mumadziva umo kune pasi pejecha uye zvishoma zvinomera zvemumvura, crucian carp inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Hove dzinokura nekukurumidza kana dziva riine kwete chikafu chekudyara chete, asiwo chikafu chemhuka.

Apo crucian carp inowedzera mumudziyo, ipapo zvipfuwo zviduku zvinonyanya kuwanikwa, kunyange zvazvo kuderera kwekukura kunobatanidzwawo nezvimwe zvinhu.

upenyu

Musiyano pakati peyakajairika carp uye sirivheri carp haina kukosha, saka hazvina musoro kufunga imwe neimwe mhando zvakasiyana. Crucian carp ndiyo hove inonyanya kusaremekedza, sezvo inogona kurarama mumhando dzose dzemvura, zvose zvine mvura inomira uye inoyerera. Panguva imwecheteyo, hove dzinogona kuwanikwa mumatanho epasi-pasi pevhu akafukidzwa nemabhogi, uyewo mumadhamu maduku apo, kunze kwecrucian carp uye rotan, hapana hove ichararama.

Iyo yakawanda madhaka mumudziyo, zviri nani kune crucian, nokuti mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro crucian anozviwanira nyore zvokudya pachayo, nenzira yezvakasara zvehupenyu, zviduku zviduku uye zvimwe zvikamu. Nekutanga kwechando, hove dzinonyura mune iyi silt uye dzinorarama kunyange munguva yechando yakaoma zvikuru isina sinou, apo mvura inotonhora kusvika pasi chaipo. Pane humbowo hwekuti carp yakacherwa kubva mudhaka kubva pakadzika 0,7 metres mhenyu zvachose. Uyezve, izvi zvakaitika mukushayikwa zvachose kwemvura mudziva. Goridhe crucians inonyanya kupukunyuka, saka hazvigoneke kuwana dhamu, chero kupi kunowanikwa hove iyi. Carp kazhinji vanozviwana vari mumadziva madiki kana madziva netsaona, kunyanya mushure memafashama echirimo. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinozivikanwa kuti mazai ehove anotakurwa neshiri dzemvura pamusoro pemadaro akareba. Izvi zvakasikwa zvinobvumira iyo crucian carp kuti igare mumiviri yemvura iri kure nebudiriro. Kana mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwe crucian carp akanyatsogadzikana, saka mushure memakore mashanu dhamu richazara necrucian carp, kunyange zvazvo zvisati zvaitika (iro reservoir) raionekwa serisina hove.

Carp inowanikwa mumvura yakawanda yemvura, kunyange zvishoma zvishoma inowanikwa munzizi uye mamwe madziva, iyo inokonzerwa nemhando yemuviri wemvura pachayo. Panguva imwecheteyo, anogona kusarudza inlets, bays kana backwaters, uko kune zvakawanda zvealgae uye pasi pematope, kunyange zvazvo gungwa pacharo rinogona kuonekwa nekuvapo kwejecha kana dombo pasi. Iyo crucian carp pachayo yakaoma uye yakaoma kutsungirira kunyange inononoka ikozvino. Zvikara zvakawanda zvinoshandisa husimbe hwehove iyi uye zvinogona kukurumidza kuparadza vanhu vose vecrucian carp kana pasina pokuvanda. Panguva imwecheteyo, vechidiki uye mazai ehove vanotambura zvikuru. Mukuwedzera, kana pasi yakaoma, ipapo crucian carp icharamba ine nzara uye hazvibviri kutora midzi mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Crucian carp haityi mvura inotonhora, sezvo inowanikwa muUrals, uyewo mumakomba pakadzika zvakadzika nemvura yemvura.

Kubereka carp

Kubereka kwecrucian carp, zvichienderana nekugara, kunotanga pakati paMay kana kutanga kwaJune. Kazhinji, atova pakati paMay, unogona kuona mitambo yekubatanidza yehove isiri kure nemhenderekedzo. Ichi chiratidzo chevaredzi, izvo zvinoratidza kuti crucian carp ichabuda uye kuruma kwayo kunogona kumira zvachose. Munguva iyi, crucian carp haifariri chikafu, kunyangwe kurumwa kwakasimba kuchiri kucherechedzwa mumazuva mashoma ekutanga mushure mekutanga kwemitambo yekubatana. Nokudaro, iyo iri pedyo nekuguma kwechirimo, mukana muduku wekubata crucian carp, kunyanya iyo yakasvika pakuyaruka.

Mushure mokubereka, caviar inodyiwa nemashizha egirini uye mitsva, inogara mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana necrucian carp. Apo crucian fry inobuda kubva kumazai akasara, inowira kune zvikara zvakafanana. Vanoshambira inyuchi huru dzemvura dzinobatawo vechidiki carp, kunyange zvazvo vavhimi ava vasingaunzi kukuvadza kukuru kune carp. Ivo vanogadzirisa huwandu hwehove mumitumbi yemvura pamwero wechisikigo.

Sezvo crucian carp inoratidzirwa nehusimbe, inowanzova mhirizhonga yezvikara zvakawanda pasi pemvura, kusanganisira hove dzinodya. Crucian carp haidi kukurumidza kufamba, kunyanya kana pane zvokudya zvakakwana nokuda kwayo. Crucian inoda kunyura muruzevha kana muswe mumwe wabuda mujecha. Saka anozviwanira zvokudya, asi panguva imwe chete anogona kuva zvokudya zvezvimwe zvikara, nokuti anokanganwa nezvekuchengeteka kwake. Kana kunze kuchidziya kana kupisa zvakanyanya, crucian carp inoswedera pedyo nemahombekombe egungwa ezvinomera, kunyanya mangwanani-ngwanani kana manheru. Pano inodya nhungirwa diki dzezvinomera zvemumvura, kunyanya tsanga.

The crucian hibernates, ichinyura mujecha. Panguva imwecheteyo, kudzika kwegomba kunobata kudzika kwekunyudzwa kwecrucian carp mu silt. Idiki dziva, ndipo pakadzika maburi ecrucian. Saka anopedza nguva yechando yose kusvikira dhamu racho ranyatsobuda aizi. Mushure meizvi, crucian carp inogona kuwanikwa pedyo nemhenderekedzo yegungwa, apo miti yemvura inokura. Iyo crucian inobuda mudzimba dzavo dzechando nguva pfupi isati yatanga, apo kutonhora kwemvura kunokwira zvinooneka, uye mvura inotanga kuva nemakore uye zvinomera zvemvura zvinokwira kubva pasi. Munguva iyi, mahudyu akasimuka anotanga kutumbuka.

Kubata crucian carp

Chaizvoizvo, crucian inogara mumadziva ane mvura inomira, kunyangwe ichiwanikwawo munzizi, mumamiriro echinguva chidiki. Nhamba yegoridhe carp iri kuderera gore rega rega, asi sirivheri carp inowanikwa kwese kwese uye muhuwandu hwakakosha.

Sezvo mutemo, kuruma kwecrucian kwakanakisisa mangwanani-ngwanani kana manheru. Mushure mekunyura kwezuva, hombe crucian carp inotanga kuwira pamusoro pechirauro, iyo yakakosha kune chero angler. Munguva pfupi, panguva ino, unogona kubata carp yakakura uye kupfuura muzuva rose. Nzvimbo yekubata hove inofanira kuwanikwa zvakanyatsonaka, zvichienderana neruzivo rwekuti crucian carp inoita sei mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Pasina kuziva maitiro ehove, izvi hazvibviri kuita.

Kana kubata hove kuchiitwa pane yakajairika tsvimbo inoyangarara, saka zviri nani kugara padhuze nematanda etsanga kana zvimwe zvinomera zvemumvura. Zvakakosha zvakaenzana kuti zvinomera zvinofukidza pasi pechiyero kana dziva zviripowo pazasi pechidziva. Kusiyana kwakadzika munzvimbo dzakadaro kunofanira kuva inenge hafu yemamita. Kukwevera crucian carp uye kuichengeta panzvimbo yekuredza, kudya, keke kana peas yakabikwa yakakodzera. Panguva imwecheteyo, crucian carp inogona kubatwa pahove yehove, pane elastic band kana pazasi tackle. Sechiredzo, unogona kushandisa gonye, ​​gonye reropa, gonye kana yemiriwo chirauro, muchimiro cheparera bhari, mukanyiwa, chena chingwa crumb, nezvimwe.

Carp yakakura inogona kunyengedzwa kuita zvidimbu zve "tulka". Kuruma kwega kwega kwakashinga. Mushure mekunge abata chirauro, anoedza kuchikwevera kudivi kana kudzika. Sezvo kazhinji vanhu vaduku vanobatwa pahoko, zvino kuti uibate iwe uchada tackle inonzwisisika, ine hoko No. 4 mm. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti float inonzwa. Sezvo mutemo, goose feather float ine maitiro akadaro. Kakawanda, crucian carp ine kurumwa kwakangwarira kunoda kukurumidza kuita. Kukochekera kusingatarisirwi kunosiya chiredzo chisina muromo, uye muredzi asina kubata.

Nguva yakanaka yekurumwa

Crucian inoruma zvakanaka munguva isati yatanga, apo mvura inodziya kusvika ku14 degrees. Kazhinji, muzhizha vanobaya zvisina kuenzana, zvisingaite, kunyanya kana paine chikafu chakawanda chechisikigo mudura. Dzinobaya zvakanyanya mangwanani, pakubuda kwezuva, uye manheru kana kupisa kwezuva kwaserera.

Kuredza kwechando

Kune zvidzitiro apo crucian inoshanda mukati megore rose, uye kune zvidzitiro apo crucian haina kurasikirwa nebasa rayo pane yekutanga uye yekupedzisira ice. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hwemadziva hunosiyana pakuti hazvibatsiri kubata crucian carp mumadziva akadaro munguva yechando.

Diki crucian carp inocherera mujecha kare pakutanga kwaZvita, uye hombe crucian carp ichiri kuenderera mberi ichitenderera dhamu ichitsvaga chikafu. Nokudaro, munguva yechando, crucian carp yakakura inonyanya kubatwa, inorema kusvika hafu kilogram, kana kunyange kupfuura. Ihove dzinonyanya kushanda munaDecember naJanuary, uyewo muna March nezviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuuya kwekupisa.

Kana kunze kuchitonhora zvakanyanya kunze, crucian inoenda kune yakadzika, asi yekudyisa inoenda kune zvikamu zviduku zvechidzitiro. Kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, crucian carp inofarira kugara pedyo nematanda etsanga kana tsanga. Kana pane hove dzinotyisa muhombe, tinogona kutaura zvakachengeteka kuti crucian carp inowanikwa mumudziyo uyu.

Carp, semamwe marudzi ehove, inonyatsonzwa kushanduka kwemhepo yemhepo. Iwe unogona kutarisira kubatwa kwake mumazuva ezuva asina mhepo, asi mumamiriro echando, kudonha kwechando kana kutonhora kwakanyanya, zviri nani kuti usaende kune crucian carp.

Kubata carp muchirimo

Chitubu inguva yakanaka yekubata hove yecrucian carp. Yatova pamvura tembiricha ye +8 madhigirii, inova yakanyanya kushanda, uye kana tembiricha yemvura ichikwira kusvika +15 madhigirii, crucian carp inotanga kushingaira kutora chirauro. Kana kudziya kwemamiriro ekunze ekunze kwagara mumugwagwa, ipapo kuruma kwayo kunoshanda kunogona kucherechedzwa kare munaKurume. Crucian inotanga kuita kana tembiricha yemvura isingagadzirwe padanho rakakodzera.

Nekuuya kwechirimo, apo zvinomera zvemvura zvisati zvatanga kumutsidzira, zvienzaniso zvakakura uye zviduku zvinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemvura. Kana kapu diki yakatanga kukwenya pane imwe nzvimbo, saka zviri nani kutsvaga imwe nzvimbo uko boka remota yakakura rakamira.

Munguva iyi, hove inosarudza nzvimbo dzekupaka kwayo, apo mvura inodziya nokukurumidza. Carp inodawo kunyura munzvimbo mune zuva rakananga. Naizvozvo, panguva ino, crucian carp inowanikwa munzvimbo dzisina kudzika dzakafukidzwa netsanga, tsanga kana pondweed. Mucrucian carp, semamwe marudzi mazhinji ehove, pre-spawning uye post-spawning zhor inozivikanwa. Zvakakosha kunyatsoona nguva idzi muhupenyu hwe crucian uye ipapo kubata kunogona kunyatsooneka.

Kuredza kwezhizha

Kubata carp muzhizha kunoonekwa seyakanyanya kugamuchirwa, zvisinei nekuti pane chikafu chakakwana cheiyo mudziva. Iri muzhizha kuti iwe unogona kuvimba nekubata kwe trophy samples. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kubhadhara kune mamiriro ekunze. Kana mamiriro okunze ari kutonhora, kunaya uye kuine mhepo, saka haufanirwe kuvimba nebasa rakakosha recrucian carp.

Hafu yekutanga yaJune haina kubereka zvakanyanya maererano nehove, sezvo crucian ichiri kuramba ichibereka. Munguva iyi, crucian carp haidyi, uye vanhu vasina kusvika pakuyaruka vanosangana nehove. Iyo yakasiyana yecrucian carp iri mukuti inogona kubereka kakawanda munguva yezhizha. Nokudaro, kuputika kwenguva pfupi kwebasa uye passivity kunoonekwa, izvo zvinokanganisa kurumwa kwehove. Munguva yekubereka, kana zhor chaiyo yakasiyana, crucian inotora chero chirauro.

Kuti kubata hove kubudirire, unofanirwa kukwanisa kusarudza nzvimbo yakanaka yekuvimbisa. Kana kunze kuchipisa kunze, crucian inogara ichitama ichitsvaga nzvimbo dzine shady kwaunogona kuvanda kubva kune zuva rakananga. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, carp inofanira kutariswa mumumvuri wemiti yakarembera pamusoro pemvura, pedyo nemhenderekedzo yegungwa, yakazara nezvinomera zvakasiyana-siyana. Pano hove dzinogona kubaya zuva rose. Apo pamusoro pemvura inotanga kubuda, hapazovi necrucian carp nekuda kwekushayikwa kwakanyanya kweokisijeni.

Autumn hove ye carp

Kubata hove yecrucian carp mukuwa kune mamwe maitiro. Nekuda kwekuderera kwekushisa kwemvura, pamwe nekufa zvishoma nezvishoma kwezvinomera zvemumvura, izvo zvakashanda sechikafu chehove muzhizha, crucian carp inosiya mahombekombe kusvika pakadzika kwemamita matatu kana kupfuura, uko tembiricha yemvura yakanyanya kugadzikana.

Mukutanga kwekuvhuvhuta, crucian carp ichiri kushanyira nzvimbo dzekudyisa nguva dzose. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika mumamiriro ekunze ekudziya kwematsutso. Sezvo tembiricha yemvura inodonha, crucian carp inogara ichitenderera ichitenderedza dziva, ichitsvaga nzvimbo dzakasununguka dzenzvimbo yemvura. Kune matura ane kudzika kwakadzika, uko crucian carp inokurumidza kupinda mu silt nekutanga kwekutonhora kwemamiriro okunze, saka hazvifanirwe kuverenga pakubata mukudonha mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Mumadziva ane misiyano yakakura mukudzika, crucian carp inonyura mumakomba akadzika, nepo isingaite zvachose kune chero rudzi rwechirauro. Pamberi pekuonekwa kwechando chekutanga pamudziyo, kurumwa kwecrucian carp kuchiri kuitika kana iwe ukawana nzvimbo yekupaka kwayo.

Crucian inokwanisa kushingaira kunyomba mukati memakore, asi kudziya kwemamiriro ekunze nemvura inonaya inodziya. Kuputika kwebasa kunoonekwa zvakare kusati kwachinja mamiriro ekunze. Maererano nevaredzi vakawanda, crucian inotanga kuchovha kunyanya kusati kwaitika kutinhira, panguva yekunaya kwemvura kana chando, kunyanya kana crucian iri kuchengetedza zvokudya.

In mhedziso

Vakawanda vanobata hove vanodzidzira kunyanya kubata crucian carp uye vanonzi "crucian fishermen". Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti crucian inokunda mumitengo yakawanda, madziva, pamwe chete nemamwe madiki emvura apo dzimwe hove hadzigoni kurarama. Mukuwedzera, kubata crucian carp ibasa rekubhejera uye rinonakidza, nyama yaro inonaka, kunyange zvazvo ine bony. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune zvidiki, asi wabata mukombe wecrucian carp, unogona kubika chikafu chinonaka kubva mairi. Kuita kuti zvive zvakakoshawo, zviri nani kubika crucian carp muchoto. Fried crucian carp haisi shoma inonaka, asi chikafu chakadaro chinogona kudyiwa chete nevanhu vane hutano vasina matambudziko nemararamiro emimba.

Chero zvazvingava, kudya hove kunobvumira munhu kuti agare achizadza muviri wake nezvinhu zvinokosha, zvakadai sevhithamini nemaminerari. Uyezve, muhove ivo vari muchimiro chinowanikwa nyore nyore. Kudya hove kunokubvumira kuti udzikise kukwegura, kusimbisa mapfupa emapfupa, kuenzanisa ganda, kusimbisa bvudzi, nezvimwewo. Nemamwe mashoko, kuvapo kwezvinhu zvose zvinodiwa muhove kunobvumira munhu kudzivirira kuonekwa kwezvirwere zvakawanda zvinosanganiswa. kushayikwa kwevhithamini nemaminerari.

Munguva yedu, crucian carp zvichida ndiyo hove chete inowanikwa mumadziva uye muhuwandu hwakawanda. Kuenda kunobata hove yecrucian carp, unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti iwe uchagara uchikwanisa kuibata, mukuenzanisa nemamwe marudzi ehove, kunyange zvazvo kune madhamu apo, kunze kwecrucian carp, hapana imwe hove. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvisingavimbisi kuti kubata hove kuchabudirira. Hazvizivikanwi nokuda kwezvikonzero zvipi, asi dzimwe nguva crucian anoramba kutora mabheti anoyevedza.

Carp inowanikwa munenge chero mudziva mune mvura uye chikafu chakakwana. Uye achakwanisa kupfuudza muchando, kunyura mujecha kusvika pakadzika.