Wakambova neizvi here muupenyu hwako: Maawa gumi nemaviri mushure mekunge wadya huku, wakanzwa usinganzwe zvakanaka? Zvino inoshanduka kuva marwadzo emudumbu anopinza anopenya kumusana. Ipapo unoita manyoka, fivha, uye unonzwa uchirwara. Izvi zvinoenderera kwemazuva akati wandei, uye ipapo unonzwa kuneta kwemavhiki akati wandei. Unopika kuti hauchadyi huku zvakare. Kana mhinduro yako "Ehe"zvino uri mumwe wemamiriyoni anotambura chikafu chekudya.
Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro zvekuti honzeri huru yechepfu chikafu chemhuka. Zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe nezvishanu kubva muzana zvezvese zvinokuvadza zvekudya zvinokonzerwa nenyama, mazai, kana hove. Mikana yehutachiona nemavhairasi uye mabhakitiriya kubva kumhuka yakakura kwazvo kupfuura kubva mumiriwo, nekuti mhuka dzine biologically dzakafanana nesu. Mavhairasi mazhinji anogara muropa kana masero edzimwe mhuka anogona kugarawo mumiviri yedu. Mavhairasi nemabhakitiriya anokonzera chikafu chechepfu madiki zvekuti haaonekwe nemaziso. Mamwe mabhakitiriya anorarama nekuwanda mukati mezvipenyu, asi mamwe anobata nyama yemhuka dzakatourayiwa nekuda kwekuchengetwa kwadzinoitwa. Chero zvazvingava, tiri kugara tichibata zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kubva munyama yatinodya, uye zviri kuramba zvichioma kuzvirapa. Sekureva kwehurumende yeUK, zviuru zvevanhu zvinoenda kuna chiremba neimwe mhando yechepfu yechikafu. Izvo zvinowedzera kusvika ku85000 makesi pagore, izvo zvingangodaro zvisingaite senge yakawanda kune huwandu hwevanhu vemamiriyoni makumi mashanu nesere. Asi heino kubata! Masayendisiti anotenda kuti nhamba chaiyo yakapetwa kagumi, asi vanhu havawanzoenda kuna chiremba, vanongogara pamba uye vachitambura. Izvi zvakaenzana nezviitiko zvinosvika 850000 zvechepfu yechikafu gore rega rega, iyo mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu kanyanyisa. Kune akawanda mabhakitiriya anokonzera chepfu, heano mazita emamwe akajairika: Salmonella ndicho chikonzero chekufa kwemazana muUK. Utachiona uhu hunowanikwa muhuku, mazai, uye munyama yemadhadha nematoki. Utachiona uhu hunokonzera manyoka uye kurwadziwa nemudumbu. Chimwe chirwere chisina ngozi - campylobactum, inowanikwa zvikuru munyama yehuku. Ndakatsanangura kuita kwebhakitiriya iri pamuviri wemunhu pakutanga kwechitsauko chino; inonyandura chimiro chinozivikanwa zvikuru chechepfu. Kubva listeria inourayawo mazana evanhu gore negore, utachiona uhwu hunowanikwa muzvikafu zvakagayiwa nechando - huku yakabikwa nesalami. Kune vakadzi vane pamuviri, bhakitiriya iyi inonyanya kuipa, inozviratidza nezviratidzo zvefuruwenza, uye inogona kutungamirira kuropa rechepfu uye meningitis kana kunyange kufa kwe fetus. Chimwe chezvikonzero nei zvakaoma kudzora mabhakitiriya ose anowanikwa munyama ndeyekuti mabhakitiriya ari kugara achichinja - kuchinja. Kuchinja - maitiro akafanana nemaitiro ekushanduka kwemhuka, mutsauko chete ndewekuti mabhakitiriya anochinja nokukurumidza kupfuura mhuka mukati maawa mashomanana, kwete mireniyamu. Mazhinji eaya mabhakitiriya akachinja anokurumidza kupera, asi mazhinji anopona. Vamwe vanogona kutodzivisa mishonga yakashanda pavakavatangira. Kana izvi zvaitika, masayendisiti anofanirwa kutsvaga mishonga mitsva uye mamwe marapiro. Kubva 1947, payakagadzirwa penicillin, mishonga nemimwe mishonga, vanachiremba vaigona kurapa zvirwere zvinozivikanwa zvikuru, kubatanidza chepfu yezvokudya. Iye zvino utachiona hwachinja zvikuru zvokuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya haichashandi paari. Humwe utachiona hahugoni kurapwa nechero mushonga wekurapa, uye iri idi iro vanachiremba vari kunetseka nazvo zvikuru nokuti mishonga mitsva mishoma iri kugadzirwa iye zvino zvokuti mishonga mitsva haichina nguva yokutsiva yekare isingachashandi. Chimwe chezvikonzero zvinoita kuti utachiona hupararire munyama inyaya yekuchengetwa kwezvipfuyo munzvimbo dzekuurayira. Hutsanana husina kutsarukana, mvura ichipfachukira pese pese, masaha achikuya nemuzvitunha, ropa richipfachuka, mafuta, zvidimbu zvenyama nemabhonzo kwese kwese. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anofarira kuberekana kwemavhairasi nemabhakitiriya, kunyanya pazuva rine mhepo. Professor Richard Lacey, uyo anoita nzvero pamusoro pechepfu yezvokudya, anoti: “Apo mhuka ine utano hwakakwana inopinda mudura, pane bviro huru yokuti chitunha chacho chichava norudzi rwakati rwoutachiona.” Sezvo nyama ichikonzera hosha yemwoyo negomarara, vanhu vakawanda vari kuramba vachibaya nyama yemombe, gwayana, nenguruve vachida huku ine utano. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugadzira chikafu, nzvimbo dzekugadzira huku dzinoparadzaniswa kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo nemagirazi makuru egirazi. Dambudziko nderokuti huku inogona kuparadzira utachiona kune dzimwe mhando dzenyama. Nzira yekubata huku dzakaurayiwa inovimbisa kupararira kwehutachiona uye utachiona hwakadai salmonella or campylobacter. Kana huro dzeshiri dzachekwa, dzose dzinonyudzwa mutangi rimwe chete remvura inopisa. Tembiricha yemvura inenge madhigirii makumi mashanu, inokwana kuparadzanisa minhenga, asi haina kukwana kuuraya bakitiriyaiyo inobereka mumvura. Chikamu chinotevera chemaitiro chakangodaro chisina kunaka. Utachiona nehutachiona hunogara mukati memhuka ipi zvayo. Mukati mehuku dzakafa dzinobva dzangobviswa nechipunu. Mudziyo uyu unokwenya mukati meimwe shiri mushure meimwe - shiri imwe neimwe iri pabhandi rekutakura inoparadzira utachiona. Nyangwe zvitunha zvehuku zvikaendeswa mufiriji, mabhakitiriya haafe, anongomira kuwanda. Asi kana nyama yacho yanyungudutswa, kubereka kunotangazve. Kudai huku yakabikwa zvakanaka, paisazova nezvinetso zvoutano nokuti salmonella yaisazokwanisa kurarama muutsanana hwenguva dzose. Asi paunosunungura huku yakabikwa kare, unowana salmonella pamaoko ako uye unogona kurarama pane chero chinhu chaunobata, kunyange nzvimbo dzebasa. Matambudziko anomukawo kubva pakuchengetwa kwenyama muzvitoro. Ndinoyeuka imwe nguva ndichinzwa nyaya yemumwe mukadzi aishanda muchitoro chikuru. Akataura chinhu chimwe chete chaaivengesa yaive mint paste. Ndakashaya kuti airevei kusvika atsanangura kuti mint paste idiki, rakatenderera, rakakora, rine mabhakitiriya pustule rinowanzoonekwa kana rakavhurwa. nyama. Uye vanoitei navo? Vashandi veSupermarket vachingokorobha urwa, cheka nyama iyi woikanda mubhaketi. Mugaba remarara? Kwete mubhakiti yakakosha, zvino kuti uende nayo kune grinder yenyama. Kune dzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzekudya nyama ine tsvina usingatombozivi. Mumakore mashoma apfuura, zvakawanwa zvakasiyana-siyana nevatori venhau vepaterevhizheni maererano nemabatirwo anoitwa nyama. Mhou dzakashata, idzo dzaionekwa sedzisina kukodzera kudyiwa nevanhu nekuda kwechirwere kana kudyiswa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, dzakaguma dzave kuzadzwa kwepai uye hwaro hwezvimwe zvekudya. Kwavewo nenyaya dzekuti zvitoro zvikuru zvinodzosera nyama kune vanoitengesa nekuti yanga yaparara. Ko vatengesi vaiitei? Vanocheka zvidimbu zvine mhepo, vosuka nyama yakasara, voicheka ndokuitengesa zvakare vachinyepedzera kuva nyama itsva, yakaonda. Zvakakuomera kuti uzive kuti nyama yacho yakanaka here kana kuti inoita seyakanaka. Sei vatengesi vachiita nenzira iyi? Rega Sachigaro weInstitute ari kubata nematambudziko apindure mubvunzo uyu Zvakatipoteredza uye Utano: “Fungidzira purofiti inogona kuitwa nokutenga mhuka yakafa, isingakodzeri kudyiwa nomunhu, inogona kutengwa nemapaundi 25 uye kutengeswa senyama yakanaka, itsva nemapaundi angasvika 600 muzvitoro.” Hapana anoziva kuti tsika iyi yakajairika sei, asi maererano nevaya vakaongorora nyaya iyi, inowanzoitika uye mamiriro ezvinhu ari kuramba achiwedzera. Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza ndechekuti yakaipisisa, yakachipa uye, kazhinji, nyama yakasvibiswa yakawanda inotengeswa kune vanoitenga zvakachipa sezvinobvira uye muhuwandu hukuru, zvinoti zvipatara, misha yevakwegura uye zvikoro uko inoshandiswa kubika. lunch.