mamiriro. Iro zino inhengo isina kudhakwa, inodiridzwa ine zvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana (1):

• korona, iyo inooneka chikamu chezino, iyo inoumbwa neenamel, dentini uye pulp kamuri.
• mutsipa, nzvimbo yekubatana pakati pekorona nemudzi
• mudzi, chikamu chisingaoneki chakasungirirwa mualveolar bone uye chakavharwa negum, iyo inoumbwa necementum, denti uye pulp canal.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemeno. Kune marudzi mana emazino zvichienderana nechinzvimbo chavo mukati meshaya: incisors, canines, premolars uye molars. (2)

Muvanhu, dentitions matatu anoteedzana. Chekutanga chinokura pazera remwedzi mitanhatu kusvika pamwedzi makumi matatu nekuonekwa kwemazino echinguvana makumi maviri kana mazino emukaka. Kubva pamakore matanhatu uye kusvika kune anenge makore gumi nemaviri, mazino echinguvana anodonha uye anopa nzira kune mazino echigarire, ayo anoenderana nechipiri dentition. Iyo yekupedzisira dentition inoenderana nekukura kwehungwaru mazino akakomberedza makore gumi nemasere ekuberekwa. Mukupedzisira, iyo yekupedzisira dentition inosanganisira makumi matatu nemaviri emazino. (6)

Basa muchikafu(3) Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rwemazino rine basa chairo mukutsenga zvichienderana nechimiro uye chinzvimbo.

• Iyo incisors inoshandiswa kucheka chikafu.
• Canines anoshandiswa kucheka chikafu chakasimba senyama.
• Iyo premolars uye molars zvinoshandiswa kupwanya chikafu.

Basa mune phonetics. Mukuenderana nerurimi pamwe chete nemiromo, mazino akakosha mukusimudzira manzwi.

Utachiona hwehutachiona.

• Kuora kwezino. Inoreva hutachiona hwehutachiona hunokanganisa iyo enamel uye hunogona kukanganisa iyo dentin uye pulp. Zviratidzo marwadzo emazino pamwe nekuora kwemeno (4).
• Zino jena. Inoenderana nekuunganidzwa kwe pus nekuda kwehutachiona hutachiona uye inoratidzwa nekurwadziwa kwakapinza.

Periodontal zvirwere.

• Gingivitis. Inopindirana nekuzvimba kwegum tishu inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya mazino plaque (4).
• Periodontitis. Periodontitis, inonziwo periodontitis, iko kuzvimba kwe periodontium, inova inotsigira nyama yezino. Zviratidzo zvinonyanya kuratidzwa negingivitis inoperekedzwa nekusununguka kwemeno (4).

Dental trauma. Chimiro chezino chinogona kuchinjwa zvinotevera maitiro (5).

Kusagadzikana kwemazino. Akasiyana mazino anomalies aripo kungave muhukuru, nhamba kana chimiro.

Kurapa nemuromo. Utsanana hwemazuva ese hwemuromo hunodikanwa kudzikisira kutanga kwechirwere chemazino. Kuburitsa kunogona kuitwawo.

Kurapwa. Zvichienderana nechirwere ichi, zvinodhaka zvinogona kupihwa senge marwadzo, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Kuvhiya mazino. Zvichienderana nezvirwere uye nekukura kwechirwere, kurapwa kunogona kuitwa, semuenzaniso, nekukwanisira mazino enhengo.

Kurapa kweOrthodontic. Mushonga uyu unosanganisira kugadzirisa zvisizvo kana nzvimbo dzakaipa dzemazino.

Kuongorora mazino. Kuitwa nachiremba wemazino, kuongorora uku kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuziva zvinokanganisa, zvirwere kana kukuvadzwa kwemeno.

Radiography. Kana chirwere chinowanikwa, kumwe kuongorora kunoitwa neradiography ye dentition.

Kurapa kwemazino kwemazuva ano kwakaonekwa nekuda kwebasa rekuvhiya mazino aPierre Fauchard. Muna 1728, akaburitsa kunyanya gwaro rake "Le Chirurgien dentiste", kana "Chibvumirano cheMazino". (5)