Dung beetle (Coprinellus domesticus) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Chipembenene (Domestic coprinella)

• Agaricus domesticus Bolton, Hist. (1788)
• Zvipfeko zvemumba (Bolton)

Orange shaggy carpeting yaive yakakurumbira mumakore makumi manomwe, asi nekutenda ivo zvino vabuda mufashoni, pamwe chete nemwenje weusiku wakaita cactus uye macramé tapestries. Nekudaro, ivo vakakanganwa kuudza izvi kuna Dung Man: anoisa kunze fluffy inopenya orenji kapeti pamatanda akafa musango nenzira yechinyakare.

Iyi kapeti inonzi "ozonium" uye kana yakaradzikwa munzvimbo inoonekera, hapana mubvunzo wekuzivikanwa. Ichi chinoshamisa chiratidziro chinogadzirwa nemhando dzinoverengeka dzezvipembenene, pakati pavo Coprinellus domesticus uye akafanana chaizvo Coprinellus radians, mhando mbiri dzinenge mapatya, zvinotora maikorosikopu kuti vasiyanise.

Izvi ndizvo zvakaita ozonium, iyi imhando yezvinomera ye mycelium, inonyatso kuoneka kune ziso rakashama (mufananidzo naAlexander Kozlovsky):

Nekudaro, kune zvienzaniso zvezvipenyu zvese zviri zviviri zvisina ozonium - mune iyo nyaya vanobatana nemapoka ezvipembenene zvisinganzwisisiki zvipfukuto zvinokura pahuni, uye kuzivikanwa kunotanga kutsamira pazvinhu zvakadai sechimiro chemicroscopic chegranules uye zviyero pamusoro pechivharo. .

Dung beet, pamwe chete nehumwe fungi dzakadai sePeziza domiciliana kana Peziza cerea (Basement Peziza), dzimwe nguva dzinotora maturusi emukati anonyorovesa, senge matanda kana nhanho mudzimba dzepasi, makapeti ekugezera, fenicha yakasimudzwa muimba yenyika.

Michael Kuo anonyora kuti:

Kanenge kaviri pagore ndinogamuchira maemail anotsanangura howa uhu. Kana iyi mishumo inotyisa inogona kuva uchapupu hwezvesayenzi (uye haigoni), zvichida ozonium hainyatsooneki kana kuti haipo mumba. . . kana kuti zvichida vanyori vee-mail dzangu dzose vane makumi manomwe ekugezera kapeti uye havangooni ozonium.

Musoro: 1-5, kashoma kusvika 7 cm muhupamhi muvanhu vakuru, oval, ovoid pazera duku, ipapo mipendero inowedzera, chimiro chechivharo chinoshanduka kuva convex kana conical. Ruvara uchiri mudiki hunenge huchi hwero uye kuchena kumucheto, pazera rekukura hunova grey nepakati pebrownish, ine ngura. Iyo chivharo chese chakafukidzwa nemasara eimwe spathe yakajairwa muchimiro chezviyero zvidiki kana zvimiro zvisina kuumbwa granules, zviyero izvi zvichena, zvichena, gare gare brownish. Muhowa dzakura, dzinokukurwa nemvura. Iyo ngowani yose kubva kumucheto uye inenge kusvika pakati iri mudiki "mbabvu". Micheto inowanzotsemuka, kunyanya muhowa dzevanhu vakuru.

mahwendefa: kazhinji, mutete, wakafara, lamellar, adherent kana anenge akasununguka, pakutanga chena, chiedza, asi nokukurumidza kuva grey, ipapo blackish, dema, uye pakupedzisira kupararira, kushanduka kuva dema "inki".

gumbo: 4-10 cm kureba, 0,2-0,8 cm gobvu, kashoma kusvika 1 cm (mune diki mienzaniso). Gorofa rine chigadziko chakazvimba zvishoma, chakatsetseka, chichena, chine mhango. Dzimwe nguva pazasi pegumbo unogona kuona muganhu wakaita sevolvo. Kazhinji, pedyo nemakumbo echipembenene cheDung, sumbu remaranjisi fibers, rakafanana nekapeti, rinonyatsooneka.

Pulp: kuchena, kuonda kwazvo, kutetereka. Mugumbo - fibrous.

Kunhuwa uye kuravira: pasina maitiro.

Spore poda imprint: dema kana dema-ruvara.

Kunetsana 6-9 x 3,5-5 µm, elliptical, yakatsetseka, inoyerera, ine eccentric pores, brown.

Saprophyte. Mitumbi inobereka michero inoonekwa mumasumbu akaomeswa kana mapoka madiki, dzimwe nguva ari ega. Vanokura pamatanda ehuni anoora, pamatanda akafa akanyudzwa mu substrate, pamatanda akanyorova akabatwa, pamwe chete nesawdust, shavings, huni dzehuni mumisanganiswa yevhu yakasiyana-siyana.

Kubva pakupera kwematsutso, zhizha uye matsutso (kana chando munzvimbo dzinodziya), mumba - gore rose. Inowanikwa mumagadheni, mapaki, nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu, mumigwagwa, muminda nemasango. Yakapararira mumatunhu ese.

Iyo howa inodyiwa ichiri mudiki kusvika iyo autolysis process yatanga (apo mahwendefa ari machena). Tinokurudzira kufanobika kwemaminetsi angangoita mashanu. Asi chidimbu chidiki chepulp uye kuravira kwakapfava kunoita kuti isanakidze kune vanonhonga howa. Nekudaro, mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, nyuchi yendove, senge nyuchi, inonzi inonaka muresitorendi.

Pane pfungwa yakasimba yokuti zvipembenene zvose zvendove hazvienderani nedoro. Ichi hachisi chirevo chechokwadi. Inotsanangurwa zvakadzama mune chinyorwa "Dung beetle mushroom uye doro".

Matunhu akati wandei anoratidza nhova sehowa husingadyike kana kuti "Edibility inozivikanwa".

Mumashoko akajeka: iyo pulp muvharo yakaonda, hapana chekudya ipapo, gumbo rine hutsinye, uye kana iwe uchitenda mu "simba rinopesana nedoro", saka haugoni kushumira patafura kana.

Radiant ndove beetle (Coprinellus radians)

Coprinellus radians ine spores yakakura (8,5-11,5 x 5,5-7 µm). Zvisaririra zvevheiri paheti zvine yellowish-tsvuku-brown, kwete chena.

Chipembenene chegoridhe (Coprinellus xanthothrix)

Kazhinji, idiki zvishoma pane Homemade, masara emubhedha ane brown pakati uye ane cream akananga kumucheto.

Coprinellus ellisii ane brownish-beige zviyero.

Chipembenene chinopfakanyika (Coprinellus micaceus)

Kana ozonium isingawaniki panzvimbo yekukura kwehowa, ipapo imwe yemhando dzakafanana neiyo flickering dung beetle inogona kufungidzirwa.

Asi inofanira kunzwisiswa: ozonium inogona kunge isingaonekwi, inogona kuparadzwa kana kuti isati yava nenguva yekuumba "carpet". Muchiitiko ichi, tsanangudzo yemhando inogoneka chete maererano nemigumisiro ye microscopy, uye kunyange zviri nani - mushure mekuongorora mazita.

Mufananidzo: Andrey.