Ethmoid ibhonzo diki mudehenya, riri kuseri kwebhonzo remumhino, pakati pezvigadziko zveziso zviviri. Iyo inonyanya kuumba chikamu chepamusoro chemhino dzemhino uye chikamu chezvivi.

Iri bhonzo, rine yakaoma geometry, rinotora chikamu mukuvaka kwe akati wandei zvimiro zvechiso:

• the orbital cavities, iyo inoumba chikamu chemukati memadziro;
• mhino yemhino, iyo inoumba sirin'i uye chikamu chemadziro, pamwe nekuseri kwemhino septum (inonziwo nasal septum). Iyi vertical bony lamina, iyo inoparadzanisa makomba maviri, chaizvoizvo ndeye ethmoid;
• iyo ethmoid sinuses, yakavharwa kunze kune imwe neimwe ye ethmoid.

Iyo ethmoid inoyambutswawo nemagumo etsinga dzekunhuhwirira, sezvinoratidzwa nemaburi madiki uye akawanda ayo kumusoro kwaro kwakazara. Zviri pairi, kutaura zvazviri, kuti mabhuru anonhuwa anozorora.

Kunze kwebasa rayo rekuvaka, iyo ethmoid ine basa rekusimudzira mukugamuchira masaini ekunhuhwirira. Maonero maviri ebhonzo iri mumhango dzemhuno, ari muchimiro chemateko, anoumba tsinga dzemhino dzinoita kutungamira mweya unofemerwa kumasero anonhuwa.

Kune rumwe rutivi rwe ethmoid kunewo sinuses, inonzi ethmoid sinuses, inoumbwa nemapako akazara nemhepo. Madziro avo akakomberedzwa ne mucous membrane inofananidzwa neiyo yemhino, asi basa ravo chairo harisati ranyatsonzwisiswa. Isu tinonyanyo ziva nezvehuvepo hwavo pavanotapukirwa kana kuvharika.

Ethmoiditis

Ethmoid sinusitis, kana ethmoiditis, kuzvimba kwemucheka unovhara sinus ethmoid, zvichitevera hutachiona hwehutachiona. Inogona kukanganisa imwe ethmoid sinus kana zvose, kana kunyange kubatanidzwa nekubatanidzwa kwezvimwe zvivi. Mune chimiro chayo chakanyanya, chinobata vana kakawanda kupfuura vanhu vakuru, inoratidzwa nezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• kuputika kwemaziso epamusoro, pamwero wekona yemukati yeziso, iyo inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma;
• kurwadziwa kwechisimba pamwero we edema iyi;
• ziso rinoputika (exophtalmie);
• kuungana kwepus muziso, uye purulent kubuda kubva mumhino;
• high fever.

Pachiratidzo chidiki chinomutsa, kubvunza chiremba wechimbichimbi kunokurudzirwa. 

Kurumidza kurapwa kunodiwa zvechokwadi kudzivirira matambudziko eiyi pathology:

• oculomotor nerve palsy;
• kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kwe cornea;
• meningeal syndrome (musoro wakaoma, mutsipa wakaoma uye kurutsa).

Kune zvakare marudzi asingaperi ethmoiditis, ane chisimba zvishoma asi anogara kupfuura mwedzi mitatu. Pakati pezvinowanzoitika zvinokonzeresa: malformation ye turbinates kana nasal septum, kana yakanaka genetic kumashure. 

Ethmoid adenocarcinoma

Iri bundu rakashata, rinokura mu mucous membrane ye ethmoid sinuses, harisi nyore (kusvika mazana maviri ezviitiko zvitsva pagore muFrance). Yakabatana nekugara inhalation yehuni, dehwe kana nickel guruva, inowanzova yebasa. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare seyakadaro neHealth Inishuwarenzi (zvichienderana nenguva yekuratidzwa yemakore mashanu).

Iyi kenza ye sinus ine kufambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma, ine chikamu chekunonoka kwemakore akati wandei. Saka zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka mushure mekumisa chiitiko chiri mubvunzo, nenzira dzakasiyana. Zvinogona kuva: 

• unilateral nasal chipingamupinyi chisingapfuuri, kazhinji achiperekedzwa mucopurulent discharge (rhinorrhea), zvichida streaked neropa;
• epistaxis, kana kudzokororwa, unilateral uye pakarepo nosebleeds, zvichiitika pasina chikonzero chiri pachena chemunharaunda kana systemic chikonzero;
• kurasikirwa kwekunhuhwirira kana chikamu chekunzwa, zvichida kwakabatana nezvinetso zvekumedza;
• inorwadza edema yekumusoro kweziso, inogona kubatanidzwa nehutachiona hwelacrimal sac (dacryocystitis). Nekuda kwekuzvimba uku kunoitika munzvimbo yakamanikidzika yekutenderera, ziso rinogona kubuda kunze (exophthalmos) uye kudonha kwemaziso (ptosis). Tinogona zvakare kuona kuomarara kwemaziso kana diplopia (kuona panguva imwe chete yemifananidzo miviri yechinhu chimwe chete).

Muchiitiko che ethmoiditis

Mune chimiro chayo chakaoma, iyi sinusitis injodzi yekurapa. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inofanira kurongerwa pasina kunonoka kurwisa hutachiona, ipapo kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa maawa makumi mana nemasere mushure mekutanga kurapwa kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuona mhedzisiro yayo.

Kana matambudziko atoonekwa, nguva refu, yakakura-spectrum intravenous antibiotic therapy inodiwa. Inogona kuiswa muchipatara kana pane imwe nzvimbo yekunze, uye inoperekedzwa necorticosteroid therapy kuti ibvise marwadzo.

Kuvhiya kwemvura kunogona kuitwawo kubvisa abscess inenge yaita. Iyi ethmoidectomy, inoitwa neENT kana kuti maxillofacial surgeon, inoitwa kuburikidza nemhuno. Inosanganisira kuvhura iyo ethmoid bhonzo kuti uwane sinuses uye kuita kuchenesa kwavo.

Muchiitiko che adenocarcinoma

Kana iyo isina kunyanya kuwanda uye kana mamiriro ezvinhu emurwere achibvumira, kurapwa kunosanganisira endoscopic ethmoidectomy: chiremba anovhiya anopfuudza zviridzwa zvake, kusanganisira kamera duku, kuburikidza nemhino kuti abvise chidimbu chepfupa. uye chirwere chemucosa. Kuvhiya kunowanzoteverwa neradiotherapy. Kuvaka patsva kungave kuri madikanwa kuvhara hwaro hwedehenya.

Kana kuvhiyiwa kusiri sarudzo, kurapwa kunobatanidza chemotherapy uye radiotherapy kunopihwa.

Kuongororwa kwe ethmoiditis kunotanga kubva pakuongorora kwekliniki. Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzekuwedzera dzinogona kuzoitwa nekukumbira kwenyanzvi yehutano yakabvunzwa: CT kana MRI, bacteriological samples. Ivo vanoita kuti zvikwanise kusimbisa kuongororwa, kuona iyo pathogenic strain iri mubvunzo uye / kana kutsvaga zvinonetsa. 

Kenza yeSinus inowanzonyarara isati yazviratidza, kuongororwa kwakarongeka, neENT kutevera uye nasofibroscopie, inopiwa makore maviri oga oga kune vashandi vakafumurwa nevaimbova vashandi. Kuongororwa kunoitwa pane biopsy, yakaitwa, kana paine kusava nechokwadi, panguva yefibroscopy.