Iyo Eustachian chubhu (yakatumidzwa zita reiyo Italian Renaissance anatomist Bartolomea Eustachio), yava kunzi nzeve nzeve, mugero unobatanidza nzeve yepakati kune nasopharynx. Inogona kuve iyo saiti yezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvine mhedzisiro pakunzwa kwakanaka.

Yakagadzirwa nechemberi bhoni chikamu uye chikamu chemberi chefibro-cartilaginous hunhu, iyo Eustachian chubhu mugero wakakombama zvishoma kumusoro, uchiyera anenge 3 cm kureba uye 1 kusvika 3 mm muhupamhi pazera munhu mukuru. Inobatanidza nzeve yepakati (inoumbwa ne tympanic cavity uye tympano-ossicular cheni yakaumbwa ne3 ossicles) kune chikamu chepamusoro chehuro, nasopharynx. Inovhura gareally kuseri kwemhino.

Kunge vharuvhu, iyo eustachian chubhu inovhura panguva yekumedza uye kushama. Saka zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kutenderedza mweya munzeve uye kuchengetedza kumanikidza kumwe pamativi ese maviri eiyo tympanic membrane, pakati penzeve yemukati nekunze. Iyo zvakare inovimbisa kufefeterwa kwepakati nzeve pamwe chete nemadirainia akananga pahuro peyakavanzika nzeve, nekudaro kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kweserous secretions mudumbu reeardrum. Kubudikidza nemabasa ayo eassressressure uye immune uye mechanical dziviriro, iyo Eustachian chubhu inobatsira kuhutano hwepanyama uye kushanda kwakakodzera kweiyo tympano-ossicular system, uye nekudaro kunzwi rakanaka.

Ziva kuti kuvhurwa kweEustachian tube kunogona kuitwa achishingaira nekukasira iko kumanikidza kwemuchadenga kukwira, nekungomedza zviri nyore kana kumanikidza kwekusiyana pakati pemuviri nekunze kusisina kusimba, sezvinoitika semuenzaniso kana uchidzika nendege, mumhuburi, nezvimwewo, kudzivirira nzeve hadzi ", Kana nenzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekubhadharisa (Vasalva, Frenzel, BTV) apo kumanikidza kwekunze kunowedzera nekukurumidza, senge kune wekunze.

Mune vacheche nevana, iyo eustachian chubhu ipfupi (inenge 18 mm kureba) uye yakatwasuka. Iyo nasopharyngeal secretions saka inowanzo kukwira kune iyo yemukati nzeve - fortiori isina kuchenesa mhino kana kushanda zvine mutsindo - izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune acute otitis media (AOM), inozivikanwa nekuputika kwepakati nzeve nekuvapo kwetrotympanic fluid. . Kana ikasarapwa, otitis inofambidzana nekurasikirwa kwekunzwa nekuda kwemvura iri kuseri kweeardrum. Uku kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kwekukurumidza kunogona kuve sosi, muvana, yekunonoka kwemutauro, matambudziko ehunhu kana matambudziko ezvidzidzo. Iyo inogona zvakare kufambira mberi kune chisingaperi otitis pamwe, pakati pezvimwe zvinetso, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kuburikidza nekuzadzwa kweyeardrum kana kukuvara kune ossicles.

Kunyangwe kana iri vakuru, iyo eustachian chubhu yakareba uye yakatetepa zvishoma muchimiro, haina dziviriro kumatambudziko. Iyo Eustachian chubhu inovhurika mukati memumhino dzemumhino kuburikidza nekadiki orifice iyo inogona chaizvo nyore kuvharika; nharaunda yaro yakatetepa inogona zvakare kuvharika. Kuzvimba kwekunamatira kwemhino panguva yechando, rhinitis kana chiitiko chechirwere, adenoids, polyps mumhino, bundu rinotyisa revhavha rinogona kudzvinyirira iyo eustachian chubhu uye kudzivirira kufefeterwa kwakaringana kwepakati nzeve, zvichikonzera zviratidzo : kunzwa kwekuvharwa nzeve, kunzwa kwekunzwa pachako kutaura, kudzvanya munzeve kana uchimedza kana kana uchizamura, tinnitus, nezvimwe.

Tubal kusagadzikana kunoonekwawo nekuvhara kweiyo eustachian tube. Izvi zvinogona kuve zvakatetepa uye zvisina kuvhurika physiologically, pasina chero chirwere chinowanikwa, kunze kwekusiyana kweatomical. Iyo proboscis haichisiri kutamba basa rayo nemazvo, kufefetedza uye kumanikidza kuenzanisa pakati penzeve yepakati nenzvimbo nharaunda hazvichaitike nemazvo, sezvinoita mvura. Serous zvakavanzika zvino zvinoungana mune tympanic mhango. Iyo isingaperi otitis media.

Eustachian tube kusagadzikana kunogonawo kupedzisira kwaunza kugadzirwa kweyekudzosera homwe yeeardrum (kudzoreredza kweganda reiyo tympanic membrane) iyo inogona kutungamira kukurasikirwa kwekunzwa uye mune dzimwe nguva kuparadzwa. of ossicles.

Patulous's Eustachian chubhu, kana tubal yakavhurika kuruma, iri rakajairika mamiriro. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekuvhurwa kusingaenzanisike, nguva nenguva, yeiyo eustachian chubhu. Munhu wacho anobva azvinzwa achitaura, eardrum ichitamba kunge imba yekutandarira.

Muchiitiko chekudzokororwa kwakanyanya otitis media, tympanic retraction, serum-mucous otitis ine yekunzwika mhedzisiro uye kuramba kurapwa, iko kuiswa pasi peiyo anesthesia yetrans-tympanic aerators, inowanzonzi yoyos, inogona kukurudzirwa. . Aya ndiwo masisitimu akadzika mukati meeardrum yekupa mweya kune nzeve yepakati.

Inoitwa nevanotaura varapi uye physiotherapists, kugadziriswa kwetubhu kunogona kupihwa mune zvimwe zviitiko zvehutachiona kusagadzikana. Aya mashandiro emhasuru uye maitiro ekuzvimisikidza anovavarira kuwedzera kugona kwemhasuru dzinobatanidzwa mukuvhura iyo eustachian tube.

Bhaluni tuboplasty, kana bharumu tubal dilation, yakapihwa mune mamwe masekisheni kwemakore akati wandei. Uku kupindira kwekuvhiya kwakagadzirwa neEN uye muongorori wechiGerman Holger Sudhoff inosanganisira kuisa, pasi peanesthesia, kateti kadiki muhubhu yeEustachian, uchishandisa microendoscope. Bhaluni remamirimita gumi rinobva raiswa mukati mehubhu uye robva ranyoroveswa kwemaminitsi maviri, kuitira kuti riwedzere iyo chubhu uye nekudaro rikubvumidze kubuda kwemvura kuri nani. Izvi zvinongonetsekana nevarwere vakuru, vatakuri eustachian chubhu kusagadzikana nemhedzisiro munzeve.

Kuongorora tubal basa, ENT chiremba ane bvunzo dzakasiyana: 

• otoscopy, inova kuongororwa kunoonekwa kwegero renzeve uchishandisa otoscope;
• audiometry kuongorora kunzwa
• tympanometry inoitwa pachishandiswa mudziyo unonzi tympanometer. Iyo inouya iri muchimiro chepurasitiki yakapfava yakaiswa mukanzeve kenzeve. Inokurudzira kurira inogadzirwa munzeve renzeve. Mune imwecheteyo yekuongorora, wechipiri wemuromo kuti anyore ruzha rwakadzoserwa netympanic membrane kuitira kuti izive simba rayo. Munguva ino, otomatiki chishandiso chinoita kuti zvikwanisike kusiyanisa kumanikidza nekutenda kune iyo yekupombi pombi michina. Mhedzisiro yacho inopfuudzwa nenzira ye curve. Tympanometry inogona kushandiswa kuongorora kuvapo kwemvura iri pakati nzeve, kufamba kweiyo tympano-ossicular system uye huwandu hwekunze kwekunzwa canal. Inoitisa kuti kuongororwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kweacute otitis media, tubal dysfunction;
• nasofibroscopy;
• scanner kana IMR.