Iyo trachea (kubva pazasi yechiLatin trachia), inhengo yehurongwa hwekufema, ichibatanidza larynx kune bronchi.

nzvimbo. Inowanikwa mune yepazasi chikamu chemutsipa uye chepamusoro chikamu chechipfuva (1), iyo trachea ndiyo pombi inotambanudza iyo larynx. Iyo trachea inopera padanho reracheal bifurcation ichipa kusimuka kune maviri makuru bronchi, kurudyi uye kuruboshwe main bronchi (2).

mamiriro. Iine kureba kwemasendimita gumi kusvika gumi nemaviri, iyo trachea ine yakasununguka fibro-cartilaginous mamiriro. Yakagadzirwa (10):

• pamadziro epamberi uye ekumashure: kubva pamhete gumi neshanu kusvika makumi maviri, maratiro ehorosi, uye tambo ine tambo iri munzvimbo dziri pakati pemhete;
• pamadziro ekumashure: echinhu chinobatanidza-tsandanyama rinobatanidza magumo emhete.

Mucous. Iko mukati kwetirachea kune mucous membrane inoumbwa ne1 mucus-yekuvanzika maseru uye cilia cilia.

Basa rekufema. Iyo trachea inobvumidza kufamba kwemweya kuenda kubronchi.

Kuchengetedzwa kwemapapu. Iyo mucous membrane yakanamatira trachea inobatsira kuchengetedza mapapu nekuda kwezvakasiyana zviitiko (1):

• iko kuyerera kwemamousu kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera kusviba kuri mumhepo yakafemerwa
• kudzingwa kweguruva nekunze nekuda kwemasero eecilia

Huro inorwadza. Kazhinji kazhinji kubva kuhutachiona hunobva, chiratidzo ichi chinogona kukonzerwa nekukuvara kune trachea, kunyanya mune tracheitis.

Tracheitis. Ichi chirwere chisina kunaka chinoenderana nekuputika kwetirachea. Inowanzo kuve yehutachiona mavambo asi inogona zvakare kuve yebhakitiriya kana yeergiki mavambo. Iyi mamiriro anogona kuoneka mune yakaoma fomu kana kuenderera mune isingagumi fomu. Zviratidzo zve tracheitis kukosora uye dzimwe nguva kunetseka mukufema.

Kenza yetrachea. Iyo isingawanzo fomu yekenza yehuro (3).

Kurapwa. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakawanikwa, mimwe mishonga inogona kupihwa yakadai seanokonzeresa kukosora, anti-anogumbura zvinodhaka kana maantibioti.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, yakanangwa kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekenza uye nekufambira mberi kwayo, kurapwa nekemotherapy, radiotherapy kana kurapwa kwakanangwa kunogona kuitwa.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana padanho rebundu, kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, tubular prosthesis, kunyanya yakanyanya stent, inogona kuiswa kuitira kuti trachea irambe yakavhurika (3).

Tracheotomy. Muzviitiko zvakakomba zvakanyanya, kupindira kwekuvhiya uku kune kuvhurika padanho reguriro kubvumidza kupfuura kwemhepo uye kudzivirira kushaya mweya.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kuonekwa kwekutambudzika mune trachea kutanga kunoda kuongororwa kwekiriniki kuongorora zviratidzo uye kuona zvinokonzeresa marwadzo.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. An ultrasound, CT scan, kana MRI inogona kuitwa kusimbisa kuongororwa.

Muna 2011, magazini yezvokurapa The Lancet yakaburitsa chinyorwa chakaburitsa kubudirira kwekugadzirwa kwetrachea. Izvi zvakawanikwa nechikwata cheSweden chakagadzira chakagadzirwa-chakagadzirwa trachea yemurwere ane gomarara repamberi rekufema. Ichi chakagadzirwa trachea ine manometric chimiro chakasimwa nemasero masero (4).