Muchinyorwa chino, tichatarisa imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa theorems mumasvomhu - Fermat's Last Theorem, iyo yakagamuchira zita rayo mukuremekedza nyanzvi yemasvomhu yeFrance Pierre de Fermat, uyo akaiumba muchimiro chakazara muna 1637.
Chirevo che theorem
Kune chero nhamba chaiyo n> 2 iyo equation:
an + bn =cn
haina mhinduro mu non-zero integers a, b и c.
Nhoroondo yekutsvaga humbowo
Zvisinei nekuumbwa kuri nyore kweFermat's Last Theorem pamwero wearithmetic yechikoro, kutsvaga humbowo kwakatora makore anopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu. Izvi zvakaitwa nevese vane mbiri nyanzvi dzemasvomhu nevanoziva, ndosaka zvichitendwa kuti theorem ndiye mutungamiri muhuwandu hwehumbowo husina kururama. Somugumisiro, nyanzvi yemasvomhu yeChirungu neAmerica Andrew John Wiles ndiye akakwanisa kuratidza izvozvo. Izvi zvakaitika muna 350, uye migumisiro yacho yakabudiswa muna 1994.
Kare muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, kuyedza kutsvaga humbowo hwe n = 3 zvakaitwa naAbu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khizr al-Khojandi, nyanzvi yemasvomhu yeTajik uye nyanzvi yenyeredzi. Zvisinei, mabasa ake haana kurarama nanhasi.
Fermat pachake akaratidza theorem chete n = 4, izvo zvinomutsa mimwe mibvunzo pamusoro pekuti aive neumbowo hwese.
Uyewo uchapupu hwe theorem kune zvakasiyana-siyana n vakakurudzira vanotevera masvomhu:
- nokuti n = 3Vanhu: Leonhard Euler (Swiss, German uye masvomhu uye makanika) muna 1770;
- nokuti n = 5Vanhu: Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (nyanzvi yemasvomhu yokuGermany) naAdrien Marie Legendre (nyanzvi yemasvomhu yokuFrance) muna 1825;
- nokuti n = 7: Gabriel Lame (French mathematician, mechanic, physicist uye injiniya);
- nokuti zvose nyore n <100 (pamwe nezvinobvira kunze kwezvisina kujairika zvemaprimes 37, 59, 67): Ernst Eduard Kummer (muGermany masvomhu).