Iyo minwe (kubva kuLatin digitus) inoumba iwo akataurwa magumo ari mukuwedzera kwemaoko.

nzvimbo. Iyo minwe iri mumutsara nemaoko, kumusoro uye kwekupedzisira mativi echanza. Kune minwe mishanu (1):

• Munwe wekutanga, unonzi chigunwe kana kuti pollux, ndiwo chete munwe uri panzvimbo yakanyanya kuwanda yeruoko. Chinzvimbo chayo chinopa kukura kwakanyanya uye kugona mukubata.
• Chigunwe chechipiri, chinonzi index munwe, chiri pakati pechigunwe nechepakati chigunwe.
• Munwe wechi3, unonzi wepakati kana wepakati munwe, uri pakati peiyo indekisi neminwe yemhete. Inoita chirevo chekureva kwekufamba kwekupedzisira.
• Munwe wechi4, unonzi munwe wemhete, uri pakati pegunwe repakati nepagunwe.
• Munwe wechi5, unonzi munwe mudiki weruoko kana munwe mudiki, uri mukuwedzera kwemucheto weruoko.

Mafupa emunwe. Mafupa emunwe akagadzirwa nephalanges. Kunze kwechigunwe icho chine maviri phalanges chete, munwe wega unoumbwa nematatu phalanges (1), yakataurwa pakati pawo:

• Iyo proximal phalanges inotaura pamwe ne metacarpals, mapfupa echanza, uye inoita metacarpophalangeal majoini.
• Iyo yepakati phalanges inotaura pamwe neiyo proximal uye distal phalanges kuti vagadzire iwo interphalangeal majoini.
• Iyo distal phalanges inoenderana nezano reminwe.

Maumbirwo eminwe. Chakakomberedza marangwanda, zvigunwe zvakagadzirwa (2) (3):

• chibvumirano chemitsipa, kudzikamisa metacarpophalangeal uye interphalangeal majoini;
• mahwendefa emichindwe, ari panzvimbo yemichindwe yezvibatanidzwa;
• flexor uye extensor tendon yeminwe, inotangira kubva kwakasiyana mhasuru makamuri eruoko;
• ganda;
• nzara dziri panoperera munwe wega.

Kugara uye vascularization. Iyo minwe inochengeterwa nenjodzi yedhijitari, matavi anobva kunhengo yepakati, pamwe neiyo ulnar nerve (2). Izvo zvinopihwa nemadhijitari etsinga uye tsinga (3).

Ruzivo ruzivo. Iyo minwe inonyanya kunetseka, ichibvumira yakawanda yakawanda yekunze ruzivo kuti iunganidzwe kuburikidza nekubata uye kubata (3).

Basa rekuuraya. Iyo minwe inobvumira kubata, iyo inoenderana neese mabasa achibvumira kubata (3).

Mamwe mabasa eminwe. Iyo minwe inoitawo basa rakakosha mukutaura, chikafu, kana kunyangwe aesthetics (3).

Tichifunga nezve chimiro chavo chakaomarara uye nekushandisa kwavo zvachose, minwe inogona kukanganisika nematambudziko mazhinji ane zvikonzero zvakasiyana.

Zvirwere zvepfupa.

• Kutsemuka kwemaphalanges. Iyo phalanges inogona kukanganiswa uye kutsemuka. Zvimwe zvakaputsika zvakaputsika zvinofanirwa kusiyaniswa kubva pamajoini akatsemuka anosanganisira mubatanidzwa uye zvinoda kuongororwa kwakakwana kwezvironda. Mapfupa akatsemuka eminwe anokonzera kuomarara kuchikanganisa kufamba kweminwe (4).
• Osteoporosis: Iyi mamiriro anogona kukanganisa phalanges uye kurasikirwa kwehuwandu hwemapfupa hunowanzo kuwanikwa muvanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu. Inosimbisa kusasimba kwemapfupa uye inosimudzira mabhiri (60).

Kutyisa pathologies. Zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvinogona kukanganisa minwe. Semuenzaniso, carpal tunnel syndrome inoreva kusagadzikana kwakabatana nekumanikidza kweiyo median nerve padanho re carpal tunnel, kunyanya padanho rewrist. Iyo inoratidzira sekupuruzira muminwe uye kurasikirwa kwesimba remhasuru, kunyanya muchanza (6).

Tsandanyama uye tendon pathologies. Iyo minwe inogona kukanganiswa ne musculoskeletal kusagadzikana, kunozivikanwa sezvirwere zvebasa uye kumuka panguva yakawandisa, inodzokorora kana neutsinye kukumbira kwechimiro.

Joint pathologies. Iyo minwe inogona kuva chigaro chekusangana kwekubatana, kunyanya arthritis kuronga marwadzo anosangana nemajoini, ligaments, tendon kana mapfupa. Osteoarthritis ndiyo yakajairika fomu yemajoini uye inoratidzirwa nekusakara uye kubvaruka kwetikaradhi inodzivirira mapfupa mumajoini. Iwo majoini emichindwe anogona zvakare kukanganiswa nekuzvimba mune rheumatoid arthritis (7). Aya mamiriro anogona kutungamira mukukuvara kweminwe.

Kudzivirira kwekuvhunduka uye kurwadziwa muchanza cheruoko. Kugadzirisa kutsemuka uye kusagadzikana kwemasukloskeletal, kudzivirira nekupfeka dziviriro kana kudzidza kuita kwakakodzera kunokosha.

Syndromeomatic kurapwa. Kuti uderedze kusagadzikana, kunyanya muchiitiko checarpal tunnel syndrome, iyo nyaya inogona kupfeka chishongo husiku.

Orthopedic kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutsemuka, plaster kana resin inogona kuiswa kuti isakwanise zvigunwe.

Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakaonekwa, mimwe mishonga inogona kupihwa kuti igadzirise kana kusimbisa nyama yemapfupa, kana kubvumira kudzikisira kwetsinga.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nechirwere chakaonekwa, chirwere chekuvhiya chinogona kuitwa, kunyanya mune zvimwe zviitiko zvekutyoka.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuitira kucherechedza uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvekunzwa uye zvemota zvinoonekwa nemurwere muzvigunwe.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunowanzo kuwedzerwa neiyo x-ray. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanachiremba vanoshandisa MRI, kana CT scan, kuongorora uye kuona maronda. Scintigraphy kana kunyange bone densitometry inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuongorora mafupa ekurwara.

Electrophysiological kuongorora. Iyo electromyogram inoita kuti zvikwanise kuongorora mashandiro emagetsi emitsipa uye kuona maronda angangoitika.

Chiratidzo cheminwe. Zviratidzo zvakawanda zviripo zvakakomberedza minwe. Semuenzaniso, munwe wechina une zita rekuti "rin'i" pakushandiswa kwemunwe uyu kupfeka rin'i yemuchato mune zvimwe zvitendero.