Rubatsiro rwekutanga rwekurumwa nezvipembenene

Nekuuya kwemazuva ekutanga ekudziya, zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana zvinomuka, pakati pazvo zvimwe zviri kure nekusakuvadza sezvazvinoratidzika. Mvuu, nyuchi, nyuchi, dandemutande, zvikwekwe, umhutu dzimwe nguva zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya kupfuura mhuka huru. Zvipembenene zvakadaro zvinotyisa zvikuru nekuti kana zvikaruma, zvinoburitsa imwe muchetura mumuviri wemunhu, izvo zvinobva zvakonzera kusawirirana kwakasiyana-siyana.

Kana vagari vomumaguta vachifunga kuti maguta makuru emazuva ano achakwanisa kuvadzivirira pazvipembenene, vanenge vakarasika zvikuru. Zvisinei, mumamiriro emaguta zviri nyore zvikuru kubvunza chiremba pachiratidzo chekutanga chekurumwa, asi mumasikirwo zvakaoma kuita izvi, saka unoda kuziva kuti ungabatsira sei munhu anenge abatwa.

Kazhinji kacho, vana vaduku vanotambura nekurumwa nezvipembenene, pamwe chete nevanhu avo vanowanzoita allergies. Chinonyanya kutyisa ikurumwa mumusoro, muhuro nepachipfuva. Mune zvimwe, kunyanya zviitiko zvakakomba, kurumwa kwezvipembenene kunowedzera kukanganisa kwakakomba - anaphylactic shock. Naizvozvo, zvakanyanya kukosha kuziva maitiro ekuita mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai uye zvekuita ambulensi isati yasvika.

Chii chaunofanira kuita kana mhungu ikaruma kana mhungu? Matanho api anofanira kutorwa? Nzira yekupa rubatsiro rwekutanga kune munhu akarumwa? Mhinduro dzeiyi nemimwe mibvunzo dzinogona kuwanwa kupfurikidza nokurava nyaya inotevera.

Zviito zvekurumwa newasp, hornet, bumblebee kana nyuchi

Uturu hwezvipembenene zvakadaro hune biogenic amines uye zvimwe zvipenyu zvinoshanda, kupinda muropa kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya.

Zvinonyanya kukosha zviratidzo zvekurumwa nenyuchi, hornets, bumblebees kana wasps ndeyekukwenya nekupisa panzvimbo yekurumwa, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya, kutsvuka uye kuzvimba kwematishu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kune kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri, kutonhora kuduku, kushaya simba, malaise. Pamwe kuda kurutsa uye kurutsa.

Muzviitiko zvakanyanya kuoma, kunyanya muvanhu vanofarirwa neallergies, zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona zvinogona kuitika. Kubva pakupfava - urticaria uye itching, kusvika kune yakanyanya - Quincke's edema uye anaphylactic shock.

Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanira kuziva zvausingafaniri kuita. Kutanga, zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti kukwenya matishu munzvimbo yekurumwa kunogona kukonzera kupararira kwechepfu, uye nenzira iyi zviri nyore kuunza hutachiona muronda, izvo zvinongowedzera mamiriro ezvinhu uye zvinotungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba.

Chechipiri, mvura inobva kunzvimbo dziri pedyo haifaniri kushandiswa kutonhora kana kugeza ronda, sezvo izvi kakawanda zvinotungamirira kuhutachiona, uye dzimwe nguva kune tetanus.

Uyewo, haufaniri kutora zvinwiwa zvinodhaka uye mapiritsi ekurara, nokuti maitiro avo anowedzera simba rehupfu.

Rubatsiro rwekutanga rwekurumwa kwezvipembenene zvakadaro runosanganisira:

1. Disinfection yenzvimbo yakakanganiswa nedoro, mvura ine sipo kana chlorhexidine.
2. Kutonhodza nzvimbo yekuruma neaizi yakaputirwa netauro, chando chepfapfaidzo, kana inotonhora pack. Izvi zviito zvichabatsira kubvisa kuzvimba uye kuderedza marwadzo.
3. Kutora antihistamine, pamwe nekushandisa antiallergic mafuta kana kirimu.
4. Kupa munhu akabatwa mvura yakawanda uye kuzorora zvakakwana.

Kana nyuchi dzikaruma, unogona kuedza kuvhomora chironda chacho nekuchibata nema tweezers pedyo neganda sezvinobvira. Kana zvisingaite kuiburitsa, kana kutyisa kuzviita, saka unofanirwa kubata imba yekukurumidzira iri padyo kuti uibvise.

Zviito zvekuruma chikwekwe

Zvikwekwe zvipembenene zvine ngozi, sezvo zvichigona kuva vatakuri vezvirwere zvakakomba: chirwere cheLyme, Marseille tick fever, chikwekwe-borne encephalitis. Mukuwedzera, kupinda pasi peganda remunhu, zvikwekwe zvinoburitsa anesthetic zvinhu muropa, izvo zvinovatendera kuti vaende vasingaonekwe kwenguva yakareba. Zvisinei, pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo kurumwa kwechikwekwe kunokonzera kuzvimba kwakanyanya uye kusawirirana, kwete kusanganisa anaphylactic shock.

Inofanira kuyeukwa kuti zvirwere zvinotakura zvikwekwe zvinokonzera matambudziko akaoma uye asingafadzi, anoguma nekuremara. Naizvozvo, chikwekwe chabviswa chinofanirwa kuendeswa ku laboratori kunoongororwa.

Rubatsiro rwekutanga pakurumwa nezvikwekwe:

1. Kana chikwekwe chinowanikwa pasi peganda, zvinokurumidza kushanyira chiremba anovhiya kuti abvise chikwekwe zvachose uye nenzira yakachengeteka.
2. Muchiitiko kana zvisingabviri kuonana nenyanzvi, unofanira kubvisa chikwekwe iwe pachako. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kushandisa mbambo dzakakosha, iyo, kutevera mirayiridzo, ichabvisa chipembenene pasina njodzi yekuibvarura muzvikamu zvakawanda.
3. Iva nechokwadi chekubata nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nemishonga ipi neipi yemishonga: doro, chlorhexidine, iodine, hydrogen peroxide.
4. Chipembenene chakabviswa chinofanira kuiswa mumudziyo wegirazi uzere nemvura yakanyoroveswa nekotoni wool. Vhara chigaba chacho zvakasimba nechivharo uye uende nacho kurabhoritari mukati memazuva maviri kana matatu mushure mekurumwa.

Uye zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kuziva chaizvo izvo zviito zvisingafanirwe kuitwa nekurumwa nekwekwe:

• shandisa nzira dzakagadziridzwa kuburitsa chikwekwe kubva pasi peganda (tsono, tweezers, mapini, uye nezvimwe), sezvo chipembenene chinogona kusabviswa zvachose, izvo zvinozokonzera kunotevera kwenzvimbo yekuruma;
• cauterize chipembenene, sezvo zviito zvakadaro zvinotungamirira kune zvakanyatsopesana nemigumisiro uye tick inopinda kunyange yakadzika pasi peganda;
• kupwanya chipembenene, sezvo munyaya iyi zvirwere zvinogona kutakura zvinogona kupinda muropa uye kutungamirira kuhutachiona;
• zora nzvimbo yekurumwa nemafuta (parafini, mafuta, nezvimwe), sezvo izvi zvichaita kuti chikwekwe chivhare pasina kuwana oxygen, pasina kuwana nguva yekubuda.

Zviito zvekurumwa nemhungu

Chero dandemutande kazhinji rine chepfu. Kune marudzi akawanda emhando dzearachnids munyika, uye mamwe acho anotouraya. Asi anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndee dandemutande, ane uturu husina chepfu, uye huwandu hwayo hudiki kwazvo kuitira kumutsa zviratidzo zvakakomba zvechepfu.

Mune latitudes yedu, arachnids ane njodzi zvakanyanya ndeye karakurts uye tarantulas.

Karakurts dandemutande madiki anosvika masendimita maviri pakureba, dema muruvara nemavara matsvuku padumbu.

Tarantulas dandemutande dema kana rima, kazhinji masendimita matatu kusvika mana kureba. Nekudaro, vamwe vanhu vanogona kusvika masendimita gumi nemaviri. Chimiro chechimiro che tarantula ndeye vhudzi rinovhara pasi rose. Uyezve, nekuda kwekutaridzika kwavo kunotyisa, tarantulas inokonzera kutya kupfuura karakurts, asi kurumwa kwavo hakuiti njodzi huru. Kuruma kwekarakurt kune ngozi zvakanyanya, asi iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti spider haingorwise munhu, asi inoruma chete kana ichinge yavhiringidzwa, kuitira kuzvidzivirira.

Iyo spider kuzviruma pachayo hairwadzi, uye zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinoonekwa mushure memaawa mashoma. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• dzungu uye kushaya simba kwakawanda;
• kupfupika kwekufema uye palpitations;
• tsvuku uye zvishoma kuzvimba panzvimbo yekurumwa;
• awa mushure mekurumwa, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kunoonekwa, kupararira kumusana wezasi, mapepa emafudzi, mimba uye mhuru;
• kupfupika kwekufema, kusvotwa uye kurutsa;
• pfari
• kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri kusvika kumadhigirii makumi mana;
• kuwedzera BP.

Muzviitiko zvakanyanya zvakanyanya, kune shanduko dzakapinza mumamiriro emanzwiro - kubva pakuora mwoyo kusvika pakuwedzeredza, kuputika kwakanyanya, kupfupika kwakanyanya uye pulmonary edema inooneka. Mazuva matatu kusvika mashanu mushure mekurumwa kwekarakurt, kuputika kweganda kunooneka, uye kushaya simba uye kusagadzikana kunowanzoonekwa kwemavhiki akawanda.

Uturu hweTarantula hwakanyanya kuderera, uye hunozviratidza sekuzvimba uye kuzvimba panzvimbo yekurumwa, kutsvuka kweganda, kushaya simba uye kurara, kusava nehanya, kurwadziwa kuduku uye kuremerwa mumuviri wose.

Mushure memazuva mashomanana, zviratidzo zvose zvinopera.

Rubatsiro rwekutanga pakuruma chero dandemutande:

1. Bata nzvimbo yekuruma neine antiseptic.
2. Rara uye ufukidze munhu anenge abatwa, mudziye uye uve nechokwadi chekuzorora zvakakwana.
3. Ipa mushonga weanesthetic.
4. Ipa akabatwa zvokunwa zvakawanda.
5. Kana imwe nhengo yakarumwa, inofanira kusungwa zvakasimba, kutangira kure nemasendimita mashanu pamusoro pekurumwa, uye kuve nechokwadi chekusafamba kwayo. Nekuwedzera kuzvimba, bhanji rinofanira kusunungurwa. Nhengo inofanira kugadziriswa pasi pezinga remoyo.
6. Kana kuruma kwakaitika mumutsipa kana musoro, ipapo kuruma kunofanira kudzvinyirirwa pasi.
7. Tsvaka kurapwa nokukurumidza.
8. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akakomba, kana zvisingakwanisi kuratidza chiremba akakuvadzwa, zvakakosha kupa hormonal anti-inflammatory drug.

Zvausingafaniri kuita nekurumwa nedandemutande:

• kukwenya kana kukwesha nzvimbo yekuruma, sezvo izvi zvinotungamira kukuwedzera kupararira kwechepfu uye kunobatsira pakuitika kwehutachiona;
• kuita incision munzvimbo yekuruma;
• cauterize nzvimbo yakarumwa;
• sveta chepfu, nekuti kuburikidza nechero ronda diki remukanwa, chepfu inopinda muropa remunhu.

Rubatsiro rwekutanga kune anaphylaxis

Muzviitiko zvakakomba zvakanyanya, kurumwa kwezvipembenene zvinogona kukudziridza kusawirirana kwakakomba - anaphylactic shock. Kuita uku kunotyisa nekuti kunoitika uye kunokura nekukurumidza - mukati memaminitsi mashoma. Vanonyanya kubatwa neanaphylaxis vanhu vanowanzoitika kune allergies, pamwe neasthmatics.

Zviratidzo zveanaphylaxis kana kurumwa nemadandemutande kana zvimwe zvipembenene:

• kurwadziwa kwakasimba uye kwakapinza panzvimbo yekuruma;
• ganda kuvaviwa, kuparadzirwa kumativi ose omuviri;
• kukurumidza kurema uye kwakaoma kufema, kupfupika kwakanyanya;
• kupenya kwakanyanya kweganda;
• kushaya simba, kuderera kwakanyanya kweropa;
• kurasikirwa kwekuziva;
• kurwadziwa mudumbu, kusvotwa uye kurutsa;
• kukanganisa kutenderera kweropa kweuropi, kuvhiringidzika;
• kuzvimba kwakanyanya kwemuromo, mutsipa uye larynx.

Zvese izvi zvinoitika zvinokura mukati memaminetsi mashoma, uye nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwekufema uye kutenderera kweropa, kufa nekushaikwa kweokisijeni kunogona kuitika. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kuziva nzira yekupa rubatsiro rwekutanga kune munhu akabatwa ane anaphylactic shock. Chiito ichi chaigona kuponesa upenyu hwake.

Rubatsiro rwekutanga kune anaphylaxis:

1. Kurumidza kufonera ambulensi yekukurumidzira nekufonera 103 kana 112.
2. Ipa munhu akabatwa nzvimbo yakatwasuka uye simudza makumbo.
3. Kutonhodza nzvimbo yekuruma.
4. Muchiitiko chekurasikirwa kwekuziva, zvinodikanwa kudzora kufema kweanobatwa maminetsi maviri ega ega.
5. Kana kufema kusingabatsiri (kusingasviki kufema kuviri mumasekonzi gumi mumunhu mukuru, asingasviki matatu mumwana), kufemerwa kwemwoyo kunofanira kuitwa.
6. Ipa munhu akabatwa antihistamines.

Summing up

Kurumwa kwezvipembenene chero nguva kunosanganisira zvisingafadzi uye zvakaipa zvinokonzeresa, kazhinji zvinoratidzwa mukusawirirana. Izvo zvakanyanya kuomera vana, vanhu vanotambura nebronchial asthma, pamwe chete nevaya vanowanzoita allergies. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyangwe mamiriro akakomba akadai seanaphylactic shock anogona kuitika, kunonoka uko kunogona kurasikirwa nehupenyu hwake. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kuziva zvekuita mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro uye kukwanisa kupa rubatsiro rwekutanga rwekurumwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvipembenene kuitira kubatsira munhu kumirira kusvika kwachiremba. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya neanaphylaxis, zviito zvakadaro zvinogona kuponesa hupenyu hwomunhu akabatwa.