Mukati
Parizvino, pane akati wandei epfungwa uye etsika zviitiko zvinogona kuve zvinokodzera kutsauka kusingadiwi:
- chokutanga, ndiko kuri pachena uye kuri kuwedzera kusimbaradza masculinization evasikana uye kubatwa kwechikadzi kwevakomana;
- chechipiri, kubuda kwenhamba inowedzera yemaitiro akanyanyisa, asingadiwi maitiro evechiri kuyaruka kuchikoro chesekondari: kushungurudzika kunokonzerwa kwete chete nekurambana kunofambira mberi, kuwedzera kunetseka, kusava nemweya, asiwo nehutsinye uye hutsinye;
- chechitatu, kuwedzera kwedambudziko rekusurukirwa paudiki uye kusagadzikana kwehukama hwewanano mumhuri dzechidiki.
Zvose izvi zvinozviratidza zvakanyanya pamwero wekuchinja kwemwana kubva pauduku kusvika pakukura-mukuyaruka. Iyo microenvironment iyo wechidiki wemazuva ano anotenderera haina kunaka. Anosangana kune imwe nhanho nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuzvibata munzira yekuenda kuchikoro, uye pachivanze, uye munzvimbo dzevanhu, uye kunyange kumba (mumhuri), uye kuchikoro. Mamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka anonyanya kukonzera kubuda kwekutsauka munharaunda yetsika nemaitiro ndiko kusunungurwa kubva kumagariro echinyakare, hunhu, kusavapo kwemaitiro akasimba ehunhu nemiganhu yetsika, kuderera kwekutonga kwevanhu, izvo zvinobatsira mukukura kwekutsauka. uye kuzvikuvadza kwevachiri kuyaruka.
Mafungiro asinganzwisisike akatemerwa neazvino "sosaiti yekupona" stereotypes inomanikidzwa, semuenzaniso, mukadzi kuti azvidzivirire uye azviwanire hunhu hwechirume chete, nekudaro zvichikonzera kutsauka mukukura kwepfungwa dzepabonde, kuumbwa kwekuzivikanwa kwevakadzi. Nhoroondo, vakadzi vekuRussia, kusvika pamwero mukuru kupfuura vakadzi vekuMadokero, vakatsvaga kwete chete kubata nevarume maererano nemaitiro emuviri (yaimbova yakashata kushambadzira paTV, apo vakadzi vechikuru vakapfeka orenji mavhareti evashandi vechitima vakaradzika vanovata muchitima, hapana kunze vatorwa, hazvina kuratidzika kuva zvinokatyamadza panguva iyoyo), asiwo kugamuchira rudzi rwechirume rwemafambiro, kugona hunhu hwechirume kunyika. Muhurukuro dzemunhu oga, vasikana vemazuva ano vekusekondari vanodana maitiro akadaro anodiwa muvakadzi sehurume, kutsunga, simba remuviri, rusununguko, kuzvivimba, kuita basa, uye kugona "kurwisa." Hunhu uhu (hwagara huri hwechirume), nepo hwakakodzera kwazvo mahuri, hunotonga zvakajeka zvechivanhukadzi.
Kuitwa kwechikadzi nekuita zvechikadzi kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya zvese zvehupenyu hwedu, asi kunonyanya kutaurwa mumhuri yemazuva ano, uko vana vanobata mabasa avo. Ivo vanowanawo ruzivo rwavo rwekutanga nezvemhando dzehukasha mumhuri. Sezvakataurwa naR. Baron naD. Richardson, mhuri inogona panguva imwe chete kuratidza maitiro ehasha uye kupa kusimbisa kwairi. Kuchikoro, maitiro aya anongowedzera:
- vasikana vegiredhi rezasi vari pamberi pevakomana mukukura kwavo neavhareji yemakore 2,5 uye havagone kuona vadziviriri vavo mune yekupedzisira, saka, vanoratidza kusarura kwehukama kwavari. Kucherechedzwa kwemakore achangopfuura kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuona kuti kakawanda vasikana vanotaura nezvevezera ravo mumashoko akadai sekuti "mamonya" kana kuti "suckers", uye vanorwisa zvehasha vavanodzidza navo. Vabereki vevakomana vanogunun’una kuti vana vavo vanodheererwa uye kurohwa nevasikana kuchikoro, izvo zvinozoita kuti pave nemaitiro ekuzvidzivirira muvakomana, zvichiita kuti pave nekukakavadzana kwakanyanya pakati pevanhu, zvichiita kuti vataurirane kana kurwisana;
- mutoro mukuru wedzidzo mumhuri munguva yedu unowanzo takurwa nemukadzi, nepowo kushandisa nzira dzine simba dzedzidzo pesvedzero pavana (zvakacherechedzwa pakupinda misangano yevabereki nemudzidzisi kuchikoro zvakaratidza kuti kuvapo kwamadzibaba pavari chinhu chisingawanzoitiki. chiitiko);
- zvikwata zvevadzidzisi zvezvikoro zvedu zvinoumbwa zvikuru nevakadzi, kazhinji vanomanikidzwa, vasingade, kuva vadzidzisi vanobudirira, kutora basa rechirume (ruoko rwakasimba).
Saka, vasikana vanotora maitiro echirume "ane simba" ekugadzirisa kusawirirana, izvo zvinozogadzira nzvimbo yakaorera yemaitiro akatsauka. Mukuyaruka, kutsauka kwemagariro ehukasha kunoramba kuchikura uye kuzviratidza muzviito zvakanangana nemunhu (kutuka, hooliganism, kurohwa), uye nzvimbo yekupindira kwechisimba kwevasikana vachiri kuyaruka inodarika kirasi yechikoro, nekuda kwemaitiro ezera. Pamwe chete nemaitiro ekugona mabasa matsva emagariro, vasikana vekusekondari zvakare vanokwanisa nzira nyowani dzekujekesa hukama hwevanhu. Munhamba dzekurwisana kwevechiri kuyaruka, vasikana vari kuramba vachibatanidzwa kakawanda, uye chido chekurwisana kwakadaro, maererano nevatori vechikamu pachavo, kuchengetedza rukudzo rwavo nechiremera kubva pakuchera uye kuchera kweshamwari dzavo dzepedyo dzaimbova.
Tiri kutarisana nezvisinganzwisisike mabasa echikadzi. Pane chinhu chakadai sechinzvimbo chevanhukadzi, ndiko kuti, basa rinoitwa nevanhu mazuva ese sevarume nevakadzi. Iri basa rinotarisa kumiririrwa kwevanhu kwakabatana nehunhu hwetsika hwemagariro evanhu. Kuvimbika mukukurukurirana neavo uye nevakadzi vakasiyana, kuzvivimba kwevakadzi kunoenderana nekuti nenzira kwayo vasikana vachiri kuyaruka vanodzidza sei maitiro ehunhu hwemunhukadzi: kuchinjika, kushivirira, huchenjeri, kungwarira, hunyengeri uye hunyoro. Izvo zvinoenderana nekufara kwehukama huchave mumhuri yake yeramangwana, hutano hwemwana wake huchava sei, sezvo pfungwa yehurume-yechikadzi inogona kuve mutongi wehunhu hwemaitiro ake.
Pasina mubvunzo, basa rekuumbwa kwemaitiro echikadzi maitiro pakati pevadzidzi vekusekondari yakakosha zvikuru kuchikoro uye kunzanga yose, sezvo inobatsira "munhu ari kukura" kuwana "yechokwadi" yake, kugadzirisa muupenyu. , kuziva pfungwa yake yokukura uye kuwana nzvimbo yake mugadziriro yeukama hwevanhu.
Zvinyorwa zveBhaibheri
- Bozhovich LI Matambudziko ekuumbwa kwehunhu. Fav. psycho. anoshanda. - M.: Moscow Psychological and Social Institute; Voronezh: NPO "MODEK", 2001.
- Buyanov MI Mwana anobva kumhuri isingashande. Zvinyorwa zvemwana chiremba wepfungwa. - M .: Dzidzo, 1988.
- Baron R., Richardson D. Hasha. — St. Petersburg, 1999.
- Volkov BS Psychology yevechiri kuyaruka. - 3rd ed., yakagadziriswa. Uye kuwedzera. - M .: Pedagogical Society yeRussia, 2001.
- Garbuzov VI Inoshanda psychotherapy, kana Maitiro ekudzoreredza kuzvivimba, chiremerera chechokwadi uye hutano kumwana uye achiri kuyaruka. - St. Petersburg: North-West, 1994.
- Olifirenko L.Ya., Chepurnykh EE, Shulga TI , Bykov AV, Innovations mubasa renyanzvi mumasangano evanhu uye epfungwa. - M.: Polygraph sevhisi, 2001.
- Smirnova EO Dambudziko rekukurukurirana pakati pemwana uye munhu mukuru mumabasa eLS Vygotsky naMI Lisina // Mibvunzo yepfungwa, 1996. Nhamba 6.
- Shulga TI Shanda nemhuri isingashande. - M.: Bustard, 2007.
Vhidhiyo kubva kuna Yana Shchastya: kubvunzurudzwa napurofesa wepfungwa NI Kozlov
Misoro yekurukurirano: Iwe unofanirwa kuva mukadzi akaita sei kuti ubudirire kuroora? Varume vanoroora kangani? Nei kune varume vashoma zvakadaro? Childfree. Kurera vana. Chii chinonzi rudo? Nyaya yaisagona kuva nani. Kubhadhara mukana wekuve pedyo nemukadzi akanaka.