Sayenzi yemazuva ano inosimbisa kuti kudya kwezvirimwa kwakasikwa zvachose kumuviri wedu. Pane humbowo hukuru hwekuti kudya kwemuriwo kana vegan, kwakapfuma muvhitamini yakakosha nemaminerari, kune hutano hwakawanda.
"Ongororo inosimbisa kubatsira kwekudya kusina nyama," inodaro Harvard Medical School. "Zvokudya zvinogadzirwa nezvirimwa zvino zvinozivikanwa kwete chete zvinovaka muviri zvakakwana, asi senzira yekudzikisa njodzi yezvirwere zvisingaperi."
Hatisati tanyatsonzwisisa kubatana pakati pevanhu vemazuva ano nemadzitateguru edu ari kure kuti tizvione sechokwadi. Evolution ndeyechokwadi, inogona kuonekwa kwese kwese muzvisikwa, asi kubatana kwevanhu nayo kubva pakuona kwesainzi ichiri chakavanzika kwatiri.
Haisi chakavanzika kuti vanhu havadi nyama kuti vararame. Muchokwadi, tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kudya kwemiriwo ndiko kunonyanya kuita sarudzo, pane kudya nyama kana kutevedzera mafambiro e "paleo". Vanhu vazhinji vanoomerwa kutenda kuti kudya kusiri kwenyama kunogona kupa muviri zvese zvinovaka muviri.
Inozivikanwa seCaveman Diet kana Stone Age Diet, iyo yekudya kwePaleo yakavakirwa pane pfungwa yekuti isu tinofanirwa kutevedzera kudya kwemadzitateguru edu, akararama makore angangoita 2,5 miriyoni apfuura munguva yePaleolithic, iyo yakapera nezve. 10 makore apfuura. . Zvisinei, masayendisiti uye vatsvakurudzi havana kumbokwanisa kuziva chaizvo izvo hama dzedu dziri kure dzakadya, asi vatsigiri vezvokudya vanoramba vachivaratidza, vachiruramisa kudya nyama.
Zvizhinji zvechikafu zvinodyiwa nemaprimate zvakavakirwa pazvirimwa, kwete mhuka, uye pane zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti izvi zvave zvakadaro kwenguva yakareba. Madzitateguru edu akanga asiri mapako anodya nyama, sezvaanowanzo kuratidzwa. Asi kunyangwe vakadya nyama, ichi hachisi chiratidzo chekuti isu tine hukama hwakakwana kuti tiite zvakafanana.
“Zvakaoma kutaura nezve‘kudya kwakanakisisa’ kwevanhu vemazuva ano nokuti marudzi edu aidya zvakasiyana,” inodaro UC Berkeley anthropologist Katherine Milton. "Kana mumwe munhu akadya mafuta emhuka uye mapuroteni munguva yakapfuura, izvi hazviratidzi kuti vanhu vemazuva ano vane genetic kujairana nekudya kwakadaro."
Imwe ongororo yakaongorora kudya kwevaNeanderthals vane hukama hwepedyo, avo vakanyangarika makore anopfuura makumi maviri apfuura. Zvaimbofungidzirwa kuti kudya kwavo kwaisanganisira kunyanya nyama, asi izvi zvakachinja pakabuda humwe humbowo hwekuti kudya kwavo kwaisanganisirawo zvirimwa zvakawanda. Vesainzi vakatopa humbowo hwekuti miti iyi yaishandiswawo pakurapa.
Chinyorwa chakaitwa naRob Dunn cheScientific American chakanzi "Vanenge Vese Madzitateguru Evanhu Vaive Vegetarian" chinotsanangura nezvedambudziko iri kubva mumaonero ekushanduka-shanduka:
“Dzimwe mhungu mhenyu dzinodyei, idzo dzine matumbu anenge edu? Zvokudya zvinenge zvese tsoko zvinosanganisira michero, nzungu, mashizha, tumbuyu, uye dzimwe nguva shiri kana madzvinyu. Mazhinji maprimate ane kugona kudya michero inotapira, mashizha, uye nyama. Asi nyama inobata zvishoma, kana iripo zvachose. Hongu, dzimwe nguva machimpanzee anouraya uye kudya tsoko dziri mucheche, asi chiyero chetsoko dzinodya nyama chishoma. Uye machimpanzi anodya nyama inoyamwisa kupfuura dzimwe tsoko. Nhasi, kudya kwe primates kunonyanya kumera-based pane pane mhuka. Zvirimwa ndizvo zvakadyiwa nemadzitateguru edu. Vave vachitevera kudya kwe<em>paleo kwemakore akawanda, umo miviri yedu, nhengo, uye zvikurukuru matumbu akachinja.”
Munyori anotiwo nhengo dzedu hadzina kugadzirirwa nyama yakabikwa, asi kuti dzakashanduka dzichigaya nyama mbishi.
Zvinoratidzwa netsvakurudzo
- Anenge mamiriyoni 4,4 makore apfuura, hama yemunhu muEthiopia, Ardipithecus, yainyanya kudya michero nemiti.
- Anopfuura mamiriyoni mana emakore apfuura, kudivi reKenya reLake Turkana, chikafu cheAnnam australopithecine chaisanganisira 4% yemashizha nemichero, sechimpanzi chemazuva ano.
- 3,4 miriyoni makore apfuura kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEthiopia, iyo Afar Australopithecus yakadya huwandu hukuru hwehuswa, sedge uye zvinomera zvinonaka. Icho chinoramba chiri chakavanzika nei akatanga kudya uswa, nokuti Annam australopithecine haana, kunyange zvazvo aigara muSavanna.
Makore anopfuura mamiriyoni matatu apfuura, hama yemunhu yeKenyanthropus yakagamuchira kudya kwakasiyana-siyana kwaisanganisira miti nemakwenzi.
- Anenge mamiriyoni maviri emakore apfuura kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, African Australopithecus neParanthropus huru vaidya makwenzi, uswa, sedge, uye zvichida mhuka dzinofura.
- Asingasviki mamirioni maviri emakore apfuura, vanhu vekare vakadya 2% huswa, nepo Boyce's Paranthropus yakadya 35% huswa. Ipapo murume akanga ane zvokudya zvakavhenganiswa, kubatanidza nyama nezvipembenene. Zvingangodaro kuti kuoma kwemamiriro ekunze kwakaita kuti Paranthropus awedzere kutsamira pamakwenzi.
- Anenge mamiriyoni 1,5 makore apfuura, munharaunda yeTurkana, munhu akawedzera chikamu chekudya kwemishonga kusvika ku55%.
Homo sapiens mazino akawanikwa akaratidza kuti anenge makore 100 apfuura akadya 000% yemiti nemakwenzi uye 50% yenyama. Chiyero ichi chakada kufanana nekudya kwevanhu vemazuva ano vekuNorth America.
Zvizhinji zvezvokudya zveavo vakafamba Pasi kare kare isu tisati tasvika zvaiva zvemiti. Zvinogona kutaurwa zvechokwadi kuti nyama zvakajeka haina kutungamira mukudya kwemadzitateguru edu. Saka nei chikafu che caveman chave chakakurumbira? Nei vanhu vakawanda vachitenda kuti madzitateguru edu aidya nyama yakawanda?
Nhasi, munhuwo zvake muNorth America anodya nyama yakawanda zuva rega rega, achifunga kuti ndiyo tsika. Asi kunyange madzitateguru edu akadya nyama, vaisaita mazuva ose. Pane humbowo hwekuti nguva yakawanda yavakaita vasina kudya zvachose. Sezvakataurwa naJohns Hopkins University neuroscience purofesa Mark Matson, miviri yevanhu yakashanduka kuti irarame kwenguva yakareba isina chikafu. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kutsanya kwepakati itsika ine hutano mazuva ano ine hutano hwakawanda.
Muindasitiri yenyama yemazuva ano, mabhiriyoni emhuka anourawa gore negore nokuda kwezvokudya chete. Vanosimudzwa kuti vauraye, kubaiwa nemakemikari akasiyana-siyana uye kushungurudzwa. Iyi nyama isiri yechisikigo inogadzirwa pachishandiswa mishonga yezvipembenene uye maGMO ichetura kumuviri wemunhu. Indasitiri yedu yemazuva ano yezvokudya yakazara nezvinhu zvinokuvadza, makemikari uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira izvo zvinoita kuti ushamisike: tingazviti "zvokudya" here? Tine rwendo rurefu rwekuenda kuti tive vanhu vane hutano hwechokwadi zvakare.