Iyo pombi yekupisa yemotokari inongova zvishoma pasi pezinga rekufema kwemunhu mukuru uye pamwero wakafanana semwana. Zvese zvinoraswa nerukova rwetraffic kunze zvinoenda zvakananga mumapapu. Rondedzero yezvinhu zvinokuvadza mumagasi ekupedza zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura gumi: oxides yenitrogen uye kabhoni, nitrogen uye sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide, benzopyrene, aldehydes, anonhuwirira hydrocarbons, akasiyana lead makomisheni, nezvimwe.
Iwo ane chepfu uye anogona kukonzera allergic reactions, asima, bronchitis, sinusitis, kuumbwa kwemamota anouraya, kuzvimba kwekufema turakiti, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, kusagadzikana kwekurara uye zvimwe zvirwere. Migwagwa mumaguta makuru haimbofi isina chinhu, zvokuti vanhu vose vanogara vachioneswa kukuvadza kusina kujeka.
Mufananidzo wekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumaguta eRussia
Mamiriro acho akanyanya kuoma ne nitric oxide uye carbon dioxide. Parizvino, maererano nezvirongwa zvezviremera, mamiriro ekuvandudzwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu anoita seizvi: ne2030, mumaguta, nitrogen oxide inotarisirwa kuderera nekanopfuura kaviri, uye carbon dioxide ichawedzera ne3-5. %. Kurwisa budiriro iyi, Greenpeace inopa hurongwa huchabatsira kuderedza nitric oxide mazinga ne70% uye carbon dioxide ne35%. MuFigure 1 ne2, mutsara une doti unomiririra hurongwa hwehurongwa hweguta, uye mutsetse weruvara unomiririra Greenpeace.
NO2 - nitrogen oxides, inokuvadza kuvanhu uye zvisikwa zvakazara. Vanoisa pfungwa dzavo mumaguta, zvishoma nezvishoma vanoparadza hurongwa hwekufema uye tsinga dzevanhu, voumba utsi, uye vanoparadza ozone layer.
CO2 icarbon dioxide, muvengi asingaoneki nokuti haina kunhuwa kana ruvara. Pamhepo yakasanganiswa ye0,04%, inokonzera musoro kwenguva yakati. Inogona kutungamirira mukurasikirwa nekuziva uye kunyange kufa zvishoma nezvishoma kana ikasvika 0,5%. Kana iwe ukashanda padivi pemugwagwa kana pasi pehwindo rako, kazhinji kune traffic traffic, saka iwe unogara uchiwana dhigirii rechepfu.
Matanho akakurudzirwa neGreenpeace
Greenpeace inokurudzira nzvimbo nhatu dzekuita: kuderedza kukuvadza kubva kumotokari, kugadzira mota dzemavhiri maviri nemagetsi, uye kugadzira chimiro chekudzora mhepo.
Nezve mota, Greenpeace inokurudzira kutevedzera gwara rine mutoro, kuisa pamberi pezvifambiso zveveruzhinji, nekuti bhazi rimwe rinogona kutakura vanhu vanosvika zana, nepo maererano nehurefu hunogara mukuyerera kwetraffic, yakaenzana neavhareji. ye2.5 standard mota dzinotakura huwandu hwevanhu gumi. Gadzirai mota dzekurojesa dzinoita kuti vanhu vakwanise kuhaya mota chete pavanenge vachiida. Zvinoenderana nenhamba, vanhu vanosvika gumi vanogona kushandisa mota imwe yakabhadharwa pazuva, mabhenefiti eizvi akakura: pasina mota yako, hautore nzvimbo dzekupaka, uye kuderedza kuyerera kwemotokari. Uye zvakare kudzidzisa vatyairi mukutyaira zvine musoro, kunatsiridza iyo traffic kuyerera manejimendi, izvo zvinozoita kuti zvikwanise kutetepa kuyerera kwetraffic uye kuderedza huwandu hwe traffic traffic.
Yemunhu maviri-mavhiri uye emagetsi ekufambisa muguta mabhasikoro, scooters, emagetsi scooters, segways, unicycles, gyro scooters uye emagetsi skateboards. Compact magetsi ekufambisa inzira yemazuva ano inokubvumira kukurumidza kufamba-famba muguta, kumhanya kunogona kusvika 25 km / h. Kufamba kwakadaro kunovandudza mamiriro ezvinhu nemigwagwa yemigwagwa, nzvimbo dzepachena dzekupaka, nokuti vamwe vechidiki vanofara kuchinja kubva kumotokari dzavo kuenda kumagetsi emagetsi uye segways. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa, kune mashoma akagoverwa nzira dzekufamba kwakadaro mumaguta eRussia, uye chete kushingaira kwakaratidza kuda kwevanhu vanotsigira chitarisiko chavo kuchachinja mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Kunyangwe muMoscow, uko kunotonhora kwemwedzi mishanu pagore, unogona kufamba nekutakura wega kana pane migwagwa yakasiyana. Uye zvakaitika kuJapan, Denmark, France, Ireland, Canada zvinoratidza kuti kana paine nzira dzakasiyana dzemabhasikoro, vanhu vanoshandisa bhasikoro rinenge gore rose. Uye zvikomborero zvakakura! Kuchovha bhasikoro kana scooter kunobatsira:
- kuonda,
- kudzidziswa kwemapapu nemoyo;
- kuvaka mhasuru dzemakumbo nemagaro;
- kunatsiridza kurara,
- kuwedzera kutsungirira uye kugona kushanda,
- kuderedza stress,
– kuderedza kuchembera.
Kunzwisisa nharo dziri pamusoro, zvine musoro kutanga kugadzira kurojesa bhasikoro, kuvaka nzira dzemabhasikoro. Kukurudzira pfungwa iyi, Greenpeace inobata mushandirapamwe we "Biking to Work" gore rega rega, zvichiratidza nemuenzaniso wevanhu kuti izvi ndezvechokwadi. Gore rega rega vanhu vazhinji vanopinda mushandirapamwe, uye pakudanwa kweGreenpeace, mareki matsva emabhasikoro anoonekwa padyo nenzvimbo dzebhizinesi. Gore rino, sechikamu chechiito, nzvimbo dzesimba dzakarongwa, dzichimira navo, vanhu vaigona kuzvizorodza kana kugamuchira chipo.
Kudzora mhepo, Greenpeace zhizha rino ichagovera michina yekuyera kusvibiswa kune vanozvipira kubva kumaguta akasiyana eRussia. Vazvipiri munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemaguta avo vachaturika machubhu akasarudzika anounganidza zvinhu zvinokuvadza, uye mumavhiki mashoma achaunganidzwa otumirwa kurabhoritari. Muchirimo Greenpeace ichagamuchira mufananidzo wekusvibiswa kwemhepo mumaguta enyika yedu.
Pamusoro pezvo, sangano rakagadzira mepu yepamhepo inoratidza ruzivo kubva kune dzakasiyana siyana kudzora zviteshi kuratidza kusvibiswa kwemweya weguta guru. Pasaiti iwe unogona kuona zviratidzo zve 15 zvinosvibisa uye unonzwisisa kuti zvakatipoteredza zvine hushamwari nzvimbo yaunogara nekushanda.
Greenpeace yakagadzira data rayo rekutsvagisa, rakaunganidzwa pamwe neNational Center for Transportation Research, mushumo unotumirwa kune zviremera zvemaguta makuru. Chirevo chinofanirwa kuratidza huchokwadi hwesainzi hwematanho akarongwa. Asi pasina rutsigiro rwevanhuwo zvavo, sekuratidzwa kwaita, zviremera hazvisi kukurumidza kuita chimwe chinhu, saka Greenpeace iri kuunganidza chikumbiro mukutsigira kwake. Kusvika pari zvino, masaini makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe akaunganidzwa. Asi izvi hazvina kukwana, zvakakosha kuunganidza zviuru zana kuitira kuti kukwidza kuonekwe kwakakosha, nokuti kusvikira zviremera zvaona kuti nyaya yacho inoshungurudza vanhu, hapana chichachinja.
Unogona kuratidza kutsigira kwako zviito zveGreenpeace nekungoenda nekuchisaina mumakumi mashoma emasekonzi. Mhepo yaunofema iwe nemhuri yako inotsamira pauri!