HDL - iyo "yakanaka" cholesterol, asi haibatsiri nguva dzose

Chirwere chemoyo chinogonawo kuitika muvanhu vane mazinga akakwirira einonzi yakanaka cholesterol. Tsvaga kuti sei HDL isingawanzo kutidzivirira kubva kuatherosclerosis uye kuti ndezvipi zvakavanzika zvachiri kutivanza kubva kwatiri.

1. Mukutaura kwakafanana, cholesterol yakakamurwa kuva "yakanaka" uye "yakaipa"
2. Muchokwadi, chikamu chimwe chinotorwa sechisina kunaka, nepo chimwe chacho chichingotaurwa nezvacho mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka
3. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi chokwadi zvachose. "Yakanaka" cholesterol inogonawo kukuvadza
4. Rumwe ruzivo rwazvino runogona kuwanikwa pane iyo Onet peji rekutanga.

Cholesterol ine mazita akawanda! Imwe yemhando dzayo dzinozivikanwa kwazvo inoitika mumuviri wemunhu inonzi HDL (ipfupi kune yakakwira density lipoprotein), yakadanwa nemachiremba kuti yakanaka cholesterol. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kukwirira kwayo kwepamusoro muropa kune simba rekudzivirira, kuderedza dambudziko rekuita atherosclerosis, iyo chirwere chakakomba chetsinga inogona kutungamirira kumwoyo kana kurohwa.

Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi hazvirevi kuti munhu wose ane zvakawanda zveHDL particles muropa rake anogona kuzorora zviri nyore uye kukanganwa nezvenjodzi ye atherosclerosis zvachose.

Yakanaka cholesterol uye njodzi yekurova kwemoyo

Kunyangwe masayendisiti emazuva ano uye vanachiremba vachitoziva zvakawanda nezve HDL cholesterol, vanobvuma kuti mamorekuru ayo achiri kuvanza zvakavanzika zvakawanda.

- Kune rumwe rutivi, epidemiological uye zvidzidzo zvehuwandu zvinogara zvichiratidza kuti vanhu vane high HDL cholesterol vane zvishoma zvishoma zvechirwere chemoyo (ngozi yakaderera), uye vanhu vane mazinga eHDL akaderera vane chirwere chemwoyo kakawanda (ngozi yakakwirira) . Kune rumwe rutivi, tinoziva kubva mukudzidzira kuti chirwere chemwoyo chinogonawo kuitika kune vanhu vane HDL yakakwirira. Izvi zvinokatyamadza, nekuti zvidzidzo zveepidemiological zvambotaurwa zvinoratidza chimwe chinhu - anodaro prof. Barbara Cybulska, chiremba anga achibata nekudzivirira kwezvirwere zvemoyo kwemakore mazhinji, muongorori paInstitute of Food and Nutrition (IŻŻ).

1. Zviratidzo zve high cholesterol

Saka pakupedzisira, zvese zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo kesi.

- Uye chaizvo pamamiriro eHDL zvidimbu mune akapihwa murwere. Mune vamwe vanhu, HDL ichave yakakwirira uye nekuda kweizvi ivo vachadzivirira kurwiswa kwemoyo, nekuti chimiro cheHDL particles chinovimbisa kushanda kwavo kwakakodzera, uye mune vamwe, kunyangwe yakakwira HDL, njodzi yekurova kwemoyo ichave yakakwira, nekuda. kune chimiro chisina kururama cheHDL molecule - anotsanangura Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Pane Mishonga Inowedzera Yakanaka Cholesterol?

Parizvino, mushonga une mishonga yaunoshandisa inoderedza zvinobudirira kuwanda kweLDL muropa, izvo zvinoderedza njodzi yehosha yemwoyo, uye nekudaro dambudziko rayo rekiriniki, kurova kwemoyo.

Zvisinei, pashure pokunge vagadzira mishonga inoderedza LDL, masayendisiti haana kumbozorora. Vanga vachiedzawo kwenguva yakareba kugadzira mishonga inozowedzera mazinga echolesterol yakanaka.

- Mishonga iyi yakagadzirwa, asi pasinei nekuwedzera kwemazinga eHDL cholesterol, kushandiswa kwavo hakuna kuderedza dambudziko rehutano hwemwoyo. Zvinoitika kuti chikamu cheHDL chakanyanya kusiyana, kureva kuti chine mamorekuru akasiyana: madiki uye makuru, ane akawanda kana mashoma mapuroteni, cholesterol kana phospholipids. Saka hapana kana HDL imwe chete. Zvinosuruvarisa, isu hatisati taziva kuti ndeipi chaiyo HDL yakasiyana ine antiatherosclerotic properties uye kuti ingawedzera sei kuisa kwayo muropa, anobvuma Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Panguva ino, zvakakodzera kutsanangura kuti chii chaizvo chinonzi antiatherosclerotic effect yeHDL.

- HDL zvimedu zvinopindawo mumadziro e arterial, asi maitiro avo akasiyana zvachose neayo eLDL. Vanokwanisa kutora cholesterol kubva kumadziro etsinga vodzokera nayo kuchiropa, uko inoshandurwa kuita bile acids. Saka HDL chinhu chakakosha chemaitiro emhinduro muchiyero checholesterol yemuviri. Kunze kwezvo, HDL ine mamwe akawanda antiatherosclerotic mhedzisiro. Asi chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndeyekutenderera kutakurwa kwecholesterol kubva pamadziro arteri kuenda kuchiropa - inosimbisa prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Sezvaunogona kuona, chiropa chinoita basa rinokosha mukuita uku.

- MaLDL anogadzirwa mukutenderera kubva kumapoprotein anonzi VLDL ayo anogadzirwa muchiropa, nepo HDL achigadzirwa zvakananga muchiropa. Nokudaro, havapfuuri muropa zvakananga kubva kune zvokudya zvinodyiwa, sezvo vanhu vakawanda vanofunga zvisiri izvo - inodaro nyanzvi yeIŻŻ.

Yakanaka cholesterol: nei isingawanzo kubatsira?

Nehurombo, pane akati wandei zvikonzero zvekusashanda kweHDL mukurwisa atherosclerosis.

- Zvirwere zvakasiyana uye nyangwe zera zvinoita kuti zvimedu zveHDL zvisashande uye zvipere. Vanorasikirwa nemaitiro avo e-antiatherosclerotic, kusanganisira. izvi ndizvo zvinoitika kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga, kufutisa kana chirwere chemwoyo. Zvimwe zvirwere zvinodzivirira muviri zvinogonawo kukanganisa basa reHDL, anonyevera Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Naizvozvo, kunyangwe kana munhu aine HDL yakakwira, haakwanise kunzwa akachengeteka zvachose.

- HDL zvimedu zvingasakwanisa kugamuchira cholesterol kubva kumadziro etsinga kana kuti inogona kunge isina antioxidant zvinhu zvinodzivirira LDL cholesterol kubva kune oxidizing. Sezvaunoziva, iyo oxidized fomu ndiyo yakanyanya atherogenic (atherogenic) - anodaro Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Dzinga atherosclerosis: kukosha kwekuita zvemuviri

Neraki, kune zvakare nhau dzetarisiro kubva kunyika yesainzi maererano neHDL, senge nyaya yekuti kuwedzera kwekuita kwemuviri kunogadzira inoshanda, anti-atherosclerotic HDL zvimedu.

-Kuita izvi mhedzisiro, chaunongoda ingangoita maminetsi makumi matatu ekurovedza muviri pazuva, sekushambira, kufamba nekukurumidza kana kuchovha bhasikoro. Idzi inhau dzakakosha zvikuru, nokuti kusvika zvino hapana mushonga unogona kuzviita. HDL yakanyanyisa inofanira kuwedzerwa kunyanya kune vanhu vane zvirwere zvemwoyo - anodaro Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Iyo nyanzvi inoratidzira kuti kuitira kuwedzera HDL kusungirirwa, kunze kwekuwedzera kwekuita basa remuviri, European Society of Cardiology inokurudzirawo: kuderedza kushandiswa kwe trans fatty acids, kurega kusvuta, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemonosaccharides uye disaccharides (shuga iri nyore) uye uremu. kuderedza.

Asi maererano naProf. Cybulska Munhu haagoni kuva pasi pekunyepedzera kuti kunyange HDL inoshanda zvakanaka inokwanisa kugadzirisa kukuvadzwa kwose kunokonzerwa neLDL cholesterol level yakakwira iyo yakaramba iripo kwemakore akawanda.

- Nokudaro, zvakakosha kudzivirira kuwedzera kweLDL cholesterol kubva paudiki (kuburikidza nekudya kwakakodzera), uye kana ichiwedzerwa, zvakakosha kuideredza (kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kudya uye mishonga). Zvinodhaka zvinogona kutokonzeresa kuderera kwechikamu, kureva kudzikiswa kwehuwandu hweatherosclerotic plaque, asi chikamu chayo chemafuta (cholesterol) chete ndicho chinokanganisa. Ipapo iyo cholesterol kubva paplaque inoderera - anodaro prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha zvine chekuita nevechidiki atherosclerotic plaques, nekuti kazhinji anotsemuka uye anokonzera magwara ane ngozi (anogona kuvharira kubuda kweropa uye kutungamirira kuchirwere chemoyo kana sitiroko).

“Izvi zvinodaro nekuti maplaque madiki ane cholesterol yakawanda mukati mawo, asi haasati ave nekavha yefibrous yekuadzivirira kubva muropa. Kana iri yekare, calcified, fibrous plaques, inogonawo kuderera, asi chete muchikamu checholesterol - inodaro nyanzvi yeIŻŻ.

Nenzira isingadzivisiki, muvanhu vaduku, atherosclerotic plaques inowanzovawo vaduku. Asi pane zvisizvo kumutemo uyu. Nehurombo, ivo vanogona zvakare kunge vaine epamberi atherosclerotic plaque.

-Kurwiswa kwemoyo nguva isati yakwana muvanhu vachiri vadiki kungave mhedzisiro yemhuri hypercholesterolemia. Mune vanhu vakadai, atherosclerosis inokura kubva paudiki, nekuti tsinga dzinogara dziri pasi pesimba repamusoro cholesterol mazinga. Ichi ndicho chikonzero munhu wese, kunyanya vanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemoyo chisati chasvika, vachifanirwa kuongororwa cholesterol yeropa, vanorumbidza Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

1. Zviratidzo zvemhuri hypercholesterolemia izvo munhu wese anofanira kuziva [ZVINOTSANANGURWA]

Yakanaka uye yakaipa cholesterol: ndeapi zviyero?

Paunenge uchiziva nezvenjodzi dzine chekuita nekusakwana kwecholesterol mazinga, zvakakosha kuti uzive ma alarm threshold anoenderana nazvo.

- Inofungidzirwa kuti chiyero cheLDL cholesterol muropa chakachengeteka kune hutano chiri pasi pe 100 mg / dL, kureva pasi pe2,5 mmol / L. Zvichida, zvisinei, hutano hwakakwana hwehutano hwakanyanya kuderera, pasi pe70 mg / dL. Panyaya yezvirwere zvemoyo, kusanganisira chirwere chemoyo (nhoroondo yemyocardial infarction kana sitiroko), chirwere cheshuga kana chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi, zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza LDL cholesterol mazinga ari pasi pe70 mg / dL - inopa zano prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Izvo zvinodikanwa saka zvakakura, zvakanyanya njodzi yezvirwere izvi zvakakomba kana matambudziko avo nemurwere.

Kana zvasvika kune HDL cholesterol, kukosha kuri pasi pe40 mg / dL, kureva pasi pe1 mmol / L muvarume uye pasi pe45 mg / dL, kureva pasi pe1,2 mmol / L muvakadzi, inoonekwa seyakaipa, haina kukwana. pfungwa - inoyeuchidza Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Iwe une cholesterol yakaipa here? Chinja mararamiro ako uye kudya kwako

Kana iwe uchida kudzivirira lipid kusagadzikana uye atherosclerosis, shandisa akawanda eanotevera mazano sezvinobvira muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva:

1. kurovedza muviri (angangoita maminitsi makumi matatu nemazuva mashanu pavhiki),
2. kudya kwakapfuma mumiriwo (200 g kana kupfuura pazuva) uye michero (200 g kana kupfuura)
3. kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta akazara (ayo anonyanya kupfuma mumafuta emhuka) - zviri nani pasi pe10% huwandu hwezuva nezuva hwesimba rinopedzwa nechikafu,
4. tsiva mafuta akazara ne polyunsaturated fatty acids (mabviro avo anonyanya kuve mafuta emiriwo, asiwo hove dzine mafuta),
5. kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta emafuta (anosanganisira confectionery yakagadzirwa-yakagadzirwa, kudya kwakagadzirirwa pakarepo uye zvokudya zvinokurumidza);
6. chengetedza manwiro ako emunyu ari pasi pe5 g pazuva (imwe level yetipuni),
7. idya 30-45 g ye fiber pazuva, zviri nani kubva kune yakazara zviyo zvigadzirwa,
8. Idya hove ka1-2 pasvondo, kusanganisira ine mafuta (semuenzaniso mackerel, herring, halibut),
9. idya 30 g yenzungu dzisina munyu pazuva (semuenzaniso walnuts)
10. kuderedza kunwa doro (kana uchinwa zvachose), varume: kusvika ku20 g yewaini yakachena pazuva, uye vakadzi kusvika ku10 g,
11. Zviri nani zvakare kuita pasina zvinwiwa zvine shuga zvachose.