Hafu yezana remakore rapfuura, masango akafukidza yakawanda yeIberian Peninsula. Asi nokukurumidza zvinhu zvose zvakachinja. Mazana amakore ehondo nokuvhozhokera, kuwedzera kwokurima nokutema matanda nokuda kwemigodhi yemarasha nokutakura nengarava kwakaparadza rakawanda resango ndokushandura nzvimbo dzakadai seMatamorisca, musha muduku uri kuchamhembe kweSpain, kuva nyika dzakaipa.
Mamiriro ekunze akaoma uye ivhu rakapera harikodzeri kuvandudza masango, asi kune Land Life, kambani yeAmsterdam-based, iyi inzvimbo yakanaka. “Kazhinji tinoshanda uko zvisikwa zvisingadzokeri zvega. Tinoenda uko mamiriro ekunze akanyanya kuoma maererano nemamiriro ekunze, kuine dutu kana kupisa kwakanyanya,” anodaro Jurian Rice, CEO weLand Life.
Kambani iyi yakafukidza nemudziyo wayo wemahekita gumi nemanomwe muMatamoriska, yehurumende yedunhu. Mudziyo uyu, unonzi Cocoon, unotaridzika kunge hombe kadhibhodhi donut rinokwanisa kuchengeta marita makumi maviri nemashanu emvura pasi pevhu kubatsira mbesa mugore radzo rekutanga. Around 17 oak, ash, walnut uye rowan miti yakasimwa muna May 25. Iyo kambani inoshuma kuti 16% yavo vakapona gore rino rinopisa zhizha pasina kuwedzera kudiridza, vachipfuura chiitiko chakakosha chemuti wechidiki.
“Zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinodzoka zvega here? Pamwe. Asi zvinogona kutora makumi emakore kana mazana emakore, saka tiri kukurumidza kuita, "anodaro Arnout Asyes, Chief Technology Officer kuLand Life, anotarisira kusanganiswa kwedrone nemifananidzo yesatellite, data analytics yakakura, kuvandudzwa kwevhu, QR tags, uye. zvimwe. .
Kambani yake ndeyesangano repasi rose remasangano ari kuedza kuchengetedza nzvimbo dziri mungozi kana kuti dzakatemwa masango kubva munzvimbo dzakasvibira dzinopisa kusvika kuzvikomo zvisina mvura munzvimbo dzine mwero. Achikurudzirwa nekurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepasi rose uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, mapoka aya ari kufambira mberi munzira yekusimudzazve masango. “Ichi hachisi chirevo chepfungwa. Zvinoda kurudziro yakakodzera, vane chekuita navo, ongororo chaiyo uye mari yakakwana yekuzviita,” anodaro Walter Vergara, nyanzvi yemasango nemamiriro ekunze kuWorld Resources Institute (WRI).
Kuti zvinhu izvi zvinouya sei parimwe chirongwa uye kana zvichikwanisika kuchengetedza masango akatemwa zvinoenderana nekuti imhando ipi yeecosystem yaunofunga. Masango echipiri muAmazon akasiyana nemapaini eTexas anogadzirwazve kubva kumoto wemusango kana masango ane boreal anofukidza yakawanda yeSweden. Mhosva yega yega inotarisisa zvikonzero zvayo zvekushandisa zvirongwa zvezvekudyara miti uye nyaya imwe neimwe ine zvayaida chaizvo. Munzvimbo dzakaoma dzakatenderedza Matamoriska nenzvimbo dzakafanana muSpain, Land Life inonetsekana nekukurumidza kuita renje. Sezvo tarisiro iri pakudzoreredza ecosystem, vanoshanda nemasangano asingatarisire mari yavo kudzoserwa.
Nemahekita angangosvika 2015 akasimwazve pasi rose kubvira 600, paine mamwe mahekita zana nezana akarongwa gore rino, chishuwo chekambani iyi chinoenderana neBonn Challenge, kuyedza kwepasi rose kudzoreredza pasi rose mahekita 1100 miriyoni yakatemwa uye iri mungozi panosvika gore ra150. Iyi inzvimbo inoda kusvika 2020. saizi yeIran kana Mongolia. Pakazosvika gore ra2030, zvakarongwa kuti zvisvike mahekita 350 miriyoni - 20% yakawanda kupfuura India.
Zvinangwa izvi zvinosanganisira kudzoreredza nzvimbo dzesango dzakarasikirwa nekuwanda kana kutaridzika kushoma, uye kudzoreredza masango akavharwa munzvimbo dzaakanyangarika zvachose. Ichi chinangwa chepasi rose chakaputswa uye chakaumbwa muLatin America sechirongwa che20 × 20 chekupa chinangwa chese chemakumi maviri emamiriyoni mahekita nekuita zvirongwa zvidiki nepakati nerutsigiro rwehurumende.
Kusiyana neLand Life Company, chirongwa chedunhu rose ichi chinopa nyaya yezvehupfumi nebhizinesi rekudyara masango, kunyangwe ari kudzoreredzwa kuchengetedza kusiyana kwezvipenyu. “Unofanirwa kuwana mari yemakambani akazvimirira. Uye capital iyi inoda kuona kudzoka pakudyara kwayo, "anodaro Walter Vergara. Ongororo yaakaita inofanotaura kuti Latin America ichaona kukosha kwazvino kunosvika mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nematatu emadhora mukati memakore makumi mashanu kana ikabata chinangwa chayo.
Mari iyi inogona kubva mukutengeswa kwehuni kubva mumasango anochengetedzwa zvakanaka, kana kubva mukukohwa “zvisiri zvematanda” zvakaita senzungu, oiri nemichero kubva pamiti. Iwe unogona kufunga kuti yakawanda sei kabhoni dhaidhi sango rako rinotora uye kutengesa kabhoni makiredhiti kumakambani ari kutsvaga kumisa kuburitsa kwavo. Kana kuti iwe unogona kutokura sango uchitarisira kuti zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvichakwezva ecotourists vanobhadhara pekugara, kushanya kweshiri uye chikafu.
Zvisinei, vatsigiri ava havasi ivo mari huru. Iyo mari ye20 × 20 chirongwa chinouya zvakanyanya kubva kumasangano ezvemari ane zvibodzwa zvitatu: kudzoka zvine mwero pakudyara kwavo, mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza, uye mabhenefiti emagariro anozivikanwa seanoshandura magariro ekudyara.
Semuenzaniso, imwe ye20 × 20 vanobatana iGerman homwe 12Tree. Vakadyara US$9,5 miriyoni muCuango, nzvimbo ine mahekita 1,455 pamhenderekedzo yePanama yeCaribbean inosanganisa kurima kokoko nekukohwa matanda kubva kusango rechipiri rinochengetedzwa zvakanaka. Nemari yavo, vakatengazve raichimbova purazi remombe, vakapa mabasa epamusoro kunharaunda dzakapoteredza, uye vakawanazve mari yavo.
Kunyange pamunda wakacheneswa makumi emakore apfuura uye zvino wava kushandiswa nevarimi, zvimwe zvirimwa zvinogona kugara pamwe chete nesango kana chiyero chakarurama chikawanikwa. Chirongwa chepasi rose chinonzi Breedcafs chiri kuongorora maitiro emiti mumapurazi ekofi netarisiro yekuwana mhando dzezvirimwa zvinokwanisa kukura pasi pemumvuri wecanopy. Kofi inomera yoga mumasango akadaro, ichiwanda zvokuti goho rinosvika kumidzi.
“Nokudzorera miti munzvimbo, tine tapuro yakanaka paunyoro, mvura, kuchengetedza ivhu uye kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu,” inodaro nyanzvi yekofi Benoît Bertrand, anotungamirira chirongwa chacho paFrench Center for Agricultural Research for International Development (Cirad). Bertrand anoongorora kuti ndeipi yemakofi akawanda anonyatsokodzera iyi system. Nzira yakafanana inogona kushandiswa kune nyika dzine cocoa, vanilla uye miti yemichero.
Haisi nzvimbo yese yevhu inokodzera kuvandudzwa kwemiti. VaWalter Vergar vanodyidzana navo vari kutsvaga mari yakachengeteka, uye kunyange Land Life Company inotonga mapurojekiti makuru chete munyika dzine njodzi dzakadzika seSpain, Mexico kana USA. "Tinowanzodzivisa mashandiro makuru mumativi eMiddle East kana Africa uko pasina kuenderera," anodaro Jurian Rice.
Asi panzvimbo chaipo, pamwe zvese zvaunoda inguva. MuCosta Rica nechepakati pePacific Ocean, 330-hekita yeBaru National Wildlife Refuge haina kufanana nepurazi remombe rakamira panzvimbo yaro kusvika 1987, apo Jack Ewing akafunga kushandura nzvimbo iyi kuti ive nzvimbo yekutandarira. Panzvimbo pokupindira, shamwari yake yakamurayira kurega zvinhu zvakasikwa zvichitora nzira yazvo.
Mafuro ekare eBaru iye zvino masango ane miti yakawanda, ane anopfuura 150 mahekita esango rechipiri rakadzorerwa pasina kupindira kwevanhu. Kwemakore gumi apfuura, Howler tsoko (rudzi rwetsoko dzakafara-mhuno), Scarlet Macaws uye kunyange macougars anotama akadzokera kunharaunda yenzvimbo inochengeterwa, izvo zvakabatsira mukusimudzira kushanya uye kumutsiridza ecosystem. Jack Ewing, zvino ane makore 10, anoti uku kubudirira kunobva pamashoko eshamwari yake makumi matatu emakore apfuura: “MuCosta Rica, paunorega kuedza kudzora gwenzi rakaoma, sango rinodzoka nokuda kwokutsiva kwaro.”