Cuisine yega yega mupasi ine yayo yenyika muto, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange akati wandei. Sauce haingori yekuwedzera kana kuperekedza kune dhishi, inova chiyero chisina kusimba chemavhenekeri uye nzira yekugadzira dhishi risingakundike. Panguva imwecheteyo, muto haufanire kupenya kupfuura chinhu chikuru, asi panguva imwechete, inofanirwa kuve nekuravira kusingakanganwiki uye kumira pakati pe "hama" dzayo.
Ivo main connoisseurs uye vagadziri vesauces, maFrance anotenda kuti izwi rinobva ku "salire" - "kurunga chikafu nemunyu." Asi kunyangwe muRoma yekare, masosa sauces aishandiswa, ayo aripo munguva dzazvino. Zvino izwi iri raireva chikafu chine munyu kana chakachekwa, ikozvino iyi misanganiswa yemichero yakachekwa yakanaka iyo inoshumirwa neidhishi, dzimwe nguva sarsa inotsikwa nepasefa yakanaka uye inova yakafanana zvakanyanya mukuenderana nemasikisi echinyakare.
Asi ivo veFrance vakamisa zita revanogadzira masukisi nechikonzero. Uye kunyangwe nyika dzese dzagara dziripo uye dziripo yayo yakasarudzika muto, maFrench anayo mune yavo arsenal zviuru zvekubika zvesaucu, zvakagadzirwa nevatungamiriri vemuno. Uye nyika ino haisi kuzomira ipapo.
Zvinoenderana netsika yechikafu cheFrench, sauces akatumidzwa zita remunyori wavo kana mumwe munhu ane mukurumbira. Saka pane muto une zita mushure meGurukota Colbert, munyori Chateaubriand, munyori Aubert.
Iyo ine mukurumbira pasi rose bechamel sosi yakatumidzwa zita raLouis de Bechamel, munyori wendiro iyi, mwanakomana weanozivikanwa mumiriri weFrance mumiriri uye ethnographer Charles Marie François de Nointel. Subiz onion sauce yakagadzirwa naPrincess Soubise, uye mayonnaise inotumidzwa zita remukuru wemauto Louis weCrillon, mutungamiriri wekutanga weMahon, uyo mukuremekedza kukunda kwake akaita mabiko apo ndiro dzese dzakapihwa muto wakagadzirwa kubva muzvigadzirwa zvevakakundwa. chitsuwa - mafuta emiriwo, mazai uye muto wemonamu. Muto weMaoisky nenzira yechiFrench wakasvika pakunzi mayonnaise.
Uyewo, mazita emasosi akapiwa mukukudza nyika kana vanhu - Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, English, Bavarian, Polish, Tatar, Russian sauces. Iko, hongu, hapana chinhu chenyika mumasosi aya, akatumidzwa nemaFrench pahwaro hwekusanzwisisa nezvekudya munyika idzi. Semuenzaniso, muto une capers uye pickles wainzi Tatar, sezvo vaFrench vanotenda kuti vaTatar vanodya zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zuva nezuva. Muto weRussia, wakabikwa pahwaro hwe mayonnaise uye muto we lobster, wakatumidzwa kudaro nokuti caviar duku inowedzerwa mumuto - sezvinotenda maFrench, izvo vanhu veRussia vanodya nemapuni.
Kusiyana nenyonganiso ine misoro yenyika nenyika, maFrench haazokanganise masosi avo akagadzirirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenyika muzita kana mukuravira. Breton, Norman, Gascon, Provencal, Lyons - ose akasiyana uye asingaenzaniswi uye akagadzirirwa pahwaro hwezvigadzirwa izvo zvinoratidzira dunhu rakapihwa kana dunhu.
Pamusoro pemazita enzvimbo, michero yakapihwa maprofessional, zvivakwa zvemachira (zvinoenderana nemamiriro emuto) nemaitiro aibatanidzwa mukugadzirira kwavo. Semuenzaniso, mumiriri, wezvemari, silika, velvet sauces. Kana iyo inozivikanwa remoulade muto - kubva muchiito remoulade (kuvandudza, kupisa, kuwedzera rwizi rweacid).
Chimwe chikamu chemazita chiri mukukudza kwechinhu chikuru chemuto: mhiripiri, chives, parsley, mustard, orenji, vanilla nevamwe.
Mustard
Mustard muto unovavira, unova mutsika kwete kungo perekedza madhishi, asiwo kuisa mune zvekubikisa zvemushonga wechivanhu. Mhando dzemasitadhi dzeEuropean dzine hunyoro, kuravira kunotapira. Masayadhi anonyanya kufarirwa ndiDijon, iyo yekubheka iyo yakagadzirwa nemubiki Jean Nejon kubva kuDijon, uyo akavandudza kuravira nekutsiva vhiniga nemuto wakasvinwa wemuzambiringa.
Mustard haisi mutsva mutsva; yave ichishandiswa muIndia chikafu kunyangwe nguva yedu isati yasvika. Vagadziri vakuru nevatengi vekare masitadhi ndeamamongi aishandisa masitadhi sosi yavo yekuwana mari.
MuBavaria, caramel sirasi inowedzerwa kumasitadhi, maBritish vanosarudza kuzviita pahwaro hwemuto wemaapuro, uye muItari - pachidimbu chezvidimbu zvezvibereko zvakasiyana.
sosi
Ketchup ndeimwe yemasukisi anozivikanwa kwazvo patafura yedu. Uye kana iko zvino ketchup yakagadzirira pachidimbu chemadomasi, saka mabikirwo ayo ekutanga aisanganisira anchovies, walnuts, howa, bhinzi, hove kana hove yeganda, gariki, waini nezvinonhuwira.
Nyika yeketchup iChina, uye kuoneka kwayo kwakadzokera muzana ramakore rechi17. Ketchup yakaitwa kubva kumatomatisi kuAmerica. Nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yezvikafu uye nekuonekwa kwezvinochengetedza pamusika, ketchup yave muto unogona kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba, nekuti mukurumbira wayo wakawedzera zvakanyanya.
Mugadziri anozivikanwa zvikuru we ketchup ndiHenry Heinz, kambani yake ichiri mugadziri mukurusa wemuto uyu pasirese.
Sosi sosi
Soy muto hauna kudhura kugadzira, uye saka nekukurumidza wakawana mukurumbira pakati pevatengi. Uye kupararira kweSushi kwakabata chinzvimbo chakakosha mune izvi, kunyangwe maJapan pachawo asingafarire kudya muto uyu.
Sosi muto yakatanga kugadzirwa kuChina muzana ramakore rechisere BC. e., ndokupararira muAsia yose. Iyo muto weresipi unosanganisira soya, idururwa nemvura kuti ive yakakosha kuvirisa. Yekutanga soy muto yaive yakavakirwa pane hove yakavira uye soy. Mambo Louis XIV pachavo vakada muto uyu uye vakautumidza kuti "goridhe nhema".
Tabasco
Muto wakatanga kugadzirwa mushure meAmerican Civil War - mhuri yekwaMacalenni yakatanga kurima mhiripiri yekayenne muminda isingamisike kuomeswa muNew Orleans. Tabasco muto inogadzirwa nepayenne mhiripiri, vhiniga uye munyu. Michero yemhiripiri inogadzirwa mumatezi akachekwa, akasungwa munyu, uyezve musanganiswa uyu unovharirwa mumabharaki emuouki uye muto unochengetwa ipapo kweanenge makore matatu. Ipapo inosanganiswa nevhiniga uye inopedzwa. Tabasco inonaka kwazvo zvekuti madonhwe mashoma akakwana kurongedza ndiro.
Iko kune angangoita manomwe marudzi emuto, akasiyana mumatanho akasiyana epungency.