Muna Kukadzi 2018, apo Elon Musk's Falcon Heavy roketi yakasiya pasi, ichisiya mutsindo weutsi shure kwayo, yakanga yakatakura mubhadharo wakasiyana-siyana. Panzvimbo pemidziyo kana timu yevazivi vemuchadenga, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk akaisa mota mairi - mota yake, cherry-tsvuku Tesla Roadster. Chigaro chemutyairi chakatorwa nemannequin yakapfeka sutu yemuchadenga.
Asi kutakura zvinhu zvakatonyanya kujairika zvaive mukamuri regirovhosi. Ikoko, kusingafi pane quartz disc, kune Isaac Asimov's Foundation yakatevedzana yenovhero. Yakagadzika muhumambo hwegalactic hunoputsika kubva kumberi kure, iyi saga yesainzi yakamutsa kufarira kwaMusk mukufamba muchadenga paakanga achiri mudiki. Iko zvino ichatenderera ichitenderedza solar system yedu kwemakore miriyoni gumi anotevera.
Rakadaro simba remabhuku. Kubva pasoftware yekunyepedzera "Earth" mubhuku raNeil Stevenson's Avalanche iro rakazivisa kusikwa kweGoogle Earth, kusvika kunyaya pfupi yemafoni akangwara akazivisa kusikwa kweInternet, kuverenga kwakadyara mhodzi dzepfungwa mupfungwa dzevazhinji vanogadzira. Kunyangwe vaimbova mutungamiri weAmerica, VaBarack Obama, vanoti kuverenga kwavavhura maziso kuti vaone zvavari uye zvavanotenda mazviri.
Asi kunyangwe iwe usina zvishuwo zvakakura, kuverenga mabhuku kunogona kusvetuka-kutanga basa rako. Iyi tsika yakaratidza kuderedza kushushikana, kuvandudza kushanda kwehuropi, uye kunyange kuwedzera tsitsi. Uye izvi hazvireve kuti zvikomborero zviri pachena zvemashoko ose aunogona kutora kubva pamapeji emabhuku.
Saka ndezvipi zvakanakira kuverenga uye unojoinha sei kirabhu yakasarudzika yevanhu vanoverenga mabhuku kweinenge awa pazuva?
Kuverenga ndiyo nzira yekunzwira tsitsi
Wakakudziridza unyanzvi hwokunzwira tsitsi here? Nepo nyika yebhizinesi yagara ichidzora hungwaru hwepfungwa kuzvinhu zvakaita sekuvimba uye kugona kuita sarudzo dzakakosha, mumakore achangopfuura, kunzwira tsitsi kwakawedzera kuonekwa sehunyanzvi hwakakosha. Zvinoenderana neongororo ya2016 nekubvunzana nekambani Development Dimensions International, vatungamiriri vane hunyanzvi hwekunzwira tsitsi vanowanzokunda vamwe ne40%.
Kare muna 2013, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa David Kidd aifunga nezve nzira dzekuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekunzwira tsitsi. “Ndaifunga kuti, ngano chinhu chinotibvumira kugara tichidyidzana nezviitiko zvakasiyana nevamwe vanhu,” anodaro.
Pamwe chete nemumwe waaishanda naye paChikoro Chitsva cheSocial Research muNew York City, Kidd akatanga kutsvaga kana kuverenga kuchigona kuvandudza iyo inonzi dzidziso yepfungwa - iyo, kazhinji, kugona kunzwisisa kuti vamwe vanhu vane pfungwa uye zvishuwo uye kuti zvive zvakasiyana nezvedu. . Izvi hazvina kufanana nekunzwira tsitsi, asi zviviri izvi zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvine hukama hwepedyo.
Kuti vazive, vakakumbira vatori vechikamu kuti vaverenge zvinyorwa kubva mumabasa ekuhwina-mubairo engano dzakaita seCharles Dickens 'Great Expectations kana akakurumbira "mabasa emhando" akadai sematsotsi uye zvinyorwa zverudo. Vamwe vakakumbirwa kuverenga bhuku risiri rengano kana kusatomboverenga. Muedzo wakabva waitwa kuona kana pakanga pave neshanduko mudzidziso yemafungiro evatori vechikamu.
Pfungwa yacho yaiva yokuti basa rakanaka chaizvo, rinogamuchirwa zvakanaka rinosuma nyika yevatambi vechokwadi, vane pfungwa muverengi anogona kutarisa mazviri, senzvimbo yekudzidzira kukwenenzvera hunyanzvi hwekunzwisisa vamwe vanhu.
Mienzaniso yezvinyorwa zvemhando yakasarudzwa, pane zvinopesana, hazvina kubvumirwa nevatsoropodzi. Vatsvakurudzi vakanyatsosarudza mabasa muchikamu ichi aisanganisira mamwe mavara akafuratirwa anoita nenzira dzinofungidzirwa.
Mhedzisiro yacho yaishamisa: vaverengi venganonyorwa dzinoshoropodzwa vakawana mamakisi epamusoro pabvunzo yega yega-kusiyana nevaya vanoverenga ngano dzemhando, dzisiri dzenhema, kana hapana zvachose. Uye kunyange vatsvakurudzi vasina kukwanisa kunyatso tsanangura kuti dzidziso iyi yakavandudzwa yepfungwa ingashanda sei munyika chaiyo, Kidd anoti zvingangoita kuti avo vanoverenga nguva dzose vanokudziridza tsitsi. “Vanhu vakawanda vanonzwisisa kuti vamwe vanhu vanonzwa sei vachashandisa ruzivo irworwo nenzira youshamwari,” akagumisa kudaro.
Pamusoro pekuvandudza kugona kwako kutaurirana nevaunoshanda navo uye vari pasi, tsitsi dzinogona kutungamira kumisangano inobudirira nekudyidzana. “Ongororo yakaitwa inoratidza kuti vanhu vanowanzoita zvine pundutso mumapoka mavanenge vakasununguka kusawirirana, zvikuru kana tasvika pamabasa ekugadzira zvinhu. Ini ndinofunga izvi ndizvo chaizvo apo kuwedzera kwekunzwa uye kufarira mune ruzivo rwevamwe vanhu kunogona kubatsira mukuita basa, "anodaro Kidd.
Mazano kubva kune vanofarira kuverenga
Saka, zvawaona mabhenefiti ekuverenga, funga izvi: Zvinoenderana neongororo ye2017 yakaitwa neBritish media regulator Ofcom, vanhu vanopedza paavhareji maawa maviri nemaminitsi makumi mana nemapfumbamwe pazuva parunhare. Kuti uverenge kunyange awa pazuva, vanhu vazhinji vanongoda kuderedza nguva yavanotarisa pachiratidziro nechetatu.
Uye heano mamwe matipi kubva kuvanhu vanogona kudada uye vasina kurova kwehana kuzvidaidza kuti "vaverengi vanodisa."
1) Verenga nekuti unoda
Christina Cipurici akadzidza kuverenga pazera remakore 4. Apo chido chitsva ichi chakamubata, akaverenga neshungu bhuku rose raakasangana naro kumba. Asi ipapo chimwe chinhu chakakanganisika. “Pandakaenda kuchikoro chepuraimari, kuverenga kwakava kwokumanikidzirwa. Zvakandiita kuti tiite zvakabva zvaita kuti ndisaverenge mabhuku,” anodaro.
Kusafarira mabhuku uku kwakaramba kuchienderera mberi kusvika ave kumakore ekuma20, apo Chipurichi akatanga kuona zvishoma nezvishoma kuti akanga apotsa zvakadini - uye kuti vanhu vaiverenga vakanga vasvika papi, uye kuti mashoko akakosha zvakadini aiva mumabhuku aigona kuchinja basa rake.
Akadzidza kuda kuverenga zvakare uye akazogadzira The CEO's Library, webhusaiti inotaura nezvemabhuku akaumba mabasa evanhu vakabudirira zvikuru pasi rose, kubva kuvanyori kuenda kune vezvematongerwo enyika kusvika kune vekudyara mari.
“Pakanga pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvakanditungamirira kuchinjo iyi: vaperekedzi vangu; Sarudzo yekudyara mukosi yepamhepo kwandakawana hurongwa hutsva hwedzidzo; kuverenga zvinyorwa paRyan Holiday's blog (akanyora mabhuku akati wandei pamusoro pekushambadzira tsika uye aimbove mutungamiriri wekushambadzira wefashoni brand American Apparel), kwaanogara achitaura nezvekuti mabhuku akamubatsira sei; uye, zvichida, zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvandisingatombozivi nezvazvo.”
Kana paine hutsika kune iyi nyaya, saka heino: verenga nekuti unoda - uye usamborega ichi chitandadzo chive basa.
2) Tsvaga "yako" fomu yekuverenga
Mufananidzo wakapfupikiswa womuverengi anodisa ndewomunhu asingaregi mabhuku akadhindwa uye anovavarira kungoverenga zvinyorwa zvokutanga, sokunge zvakanga zviri zvinhu zvekare zvinokosha. Asi hazvirevi kuti zvinofanira kuva.
“Ndinokwira bhazi kwemaawa maviri pazuva, uye ikoko ndine nguva yakawanda yokuverenga,” anodaro Kidd. Paanofamba achienda uye kubva kubasa, zviri nyore zvikuru kuti averenge mabhuku mufomu yemagetsi - somuenzaniso, kubva pahwindo refoni. Uye paanotora zvisiri zvenhema, izvo zvisiri nyore kunzwisisa, anofarira kuteerera mabhuku ekuteerera.
3) Usaisa zvinangwa zvisingagoneki
Kutevedzera vanhu vakabudirira mune zvese hazvisi nyore. Vamwe vavo vanoverenga mabhuku 100 gore negore; vamwe vanomuka mambakwedza kuti vaverenge mabhuku mangwanani zuva rebasa risati ratanga. Asi haufaniri kutevedzera muenzaniso wavo.
Andra Zakharia mushambadzi akasununguka, podcast host uye anofarira kuverenga. Zano rake guru nderokudzivisa tarisiro huru uye zvinangwa zvinotyisa. “Ndinofunga kuti kana uchida kuva netsika yokuverenga mazuva ose, unofanira kutanga zvishoma,” anodaro. Panzvimbo pekuzvimisira chinangwa chakaita se "kuverenga mabhuku makumi matanhatu pagore," Zekaria anokurudzira kutanga nekubvunza shamwari kuti dzikurudzire mabhuku uye kuverenga mapeji mashoma pazuva.
4) Shandisa "Mutemo we50"
Mutemo uyu uchakubatsira kusarudza nguva yekurasa bhuku. Pamwe unowanzoramba nehutsinye kuverenga kare papeji yechina, kana zvakasiyana – haugone here kungovhara vhoriyamu hombe yausingatomboda kuona? Edza kuverenga mapeji makumi mashanu uye wozosarudza kana kuverenga bhuku iri kuchava mufaro kwauri. Kana zvisiri, zvirase.
Iri zano rakagadzirwa nemunyori, muraibhurari uye mutsoropodzi wezvinyorwa Nancy Pearl uye akatsanangura mubhuku rake The Nyota Yemabhuku. Pakutanga akakurudzira zano iri kuvanhu vanopfuura makumi mashanu: vanofanirwa kubvisa makore avo kubva pazana, uye nhamba inozobuda ndiyo nhamba yemapeji avanofanira kuverenga. Sekutaura kwaPearl, sezvaunokura, hupenyu hunova hupfupi kwazvo kuti uverenge mabhuku akaipa.
Ndizvo chete zviripo! Kuisa foni yako kure kweinenge awa uye kutora bhuku pachinzvimbo kune chokwadi chekusimudzira kunzwira kwako tsitsi uye kubudirira. Kana vanhu vakabatikana uye vakabudirira zvikuru pasi rose vachigona kuzviita, saka newewo unogona kuzviita.
Chimbofungidzira kuti zviwanikwa zvitsva uye ruzivo zvakakumirira sei! Uye kurudziro yakadini! Zvichida iwe uchatowana simba mukati mako kuti uvhure rako wega nzvimbo bhizinesi?