Nzira yekusunga sei pfundo regungwa

Nhoroondo yekushandiswa kwemapfundo inodzokera shure kwezviuru zvemakore. Maererano nemasayendisiti, kunyange vanhu vepamapako vakashandisa mapfundo ari nyore muupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva. Vafambisi vezvikepe ndivo madzitateguru emhando dzakaoma dzemafundo. Nekuuya kwezvikepe zvekufambisa, paive nekudiwa kwemapfundo ari nyore uye akavimbika ekuchengetedza mast, maseiri uye mamwe magiya. Kwete chete kumhanya kwechikepe, asiwo hupenyu hwevashandi vese hwaienderana nekunaka kwepfundo. Nokudaro, node dzegungwa dzakasiyana zvikuru kubva kune dzakajairwa. Hazvisi kungovimbika chete, zviri nyore kusungira uye sezviri nyore kusunungura, izvo zvisingakwanisi kuitwa nemapfundo akajairika.

Kukamurwa kwemanodhi kwakauya kwatiri kubva kuEngland. Kazhinji maBritish anokamura mapfundo emugungwa kuita marudzi matatu:

1. Knot - inodiwa kuwedzera dhayamita yetambo kana kuruka chimwe chinhu.
2. Hitch - batanidza tambo kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinhu (masts, mayadhi, anchors).
3. Bend - batanidza tambo dzemadhayamita akasiyana mune imwe.

Kune angangoita mazana mashanu tsananguro yemafundo egungwa, asi mashoma gumi nemaviri anoshandiswa pari zvino, sezvo ngarava dzemotokari dziri kutsiva dzemaseiri. Iko kugona kuruka mapfundo egungwa kuchave kunobatsira kwete chete kune yachtsmen, asiwo kune vashanyi uye vabati vehove. Nhanho nhanho kugona madhayagiramu pazasi nemifananidzo, iwe uchakurumidza kudzidza maitiro ekuzviita.

straight knot

Kunyange zvazvo pfundo iri riri rekare-kare, harina kusiyana pakuvimbika. Kukanganisa kwaro kunogara kusinganzwisisike patambo, hazvisi nyore kuisunungura mushure mekutakura mitoro uye kunyorova, uyewo nepfundo rakadaro, simba retambo rinoderera. Inoshandiswa pachiedza kukwevera pane chiedza chinodhonza uye splicing mativi maviri etambo. Pahwaro hwayo, mamwe mafundo akaoma akarukwa. Pasinei nokuti iyo knot iri nyore kwazvo, ine zvinyorwa zvayo. Migumo yakasununguka inofanira kuva kune rumwe rutivi rwetambo. Kana ivo vari pamativi akasiyana, saka banga rakadaro rinoonekwa serisina kunaka uye rinonzi kwete nyore, asi mbavha.

Ungaruka sei knot rakatwasuka:

1. Pfundo renguva dzose rinosungwa.
2. Kubva kune imwe mugumo wakagadziriswa wetambo yekupedzisira tinoita loop.
3. Nekuguma kwekusununguka tinokomberedza kunze kwechivharo uye mhepo inopinda mukati.
4. Tinoomesa. Inobuda iyo node chaiyo. Nokuda kwekuvimbika kukuru, rimwe pfundo renguva dzose rinosungirirwa pamusoro.

Arbor knot (Bowline)

Mu yachting, banga iri rinoshandiswa kakawanda kupfuura mamwe. Pakutanga, yaishandiswa kusunga gazebo - mudziyo waikwira vafambisi vechikepe padanda rechikepe. Nokuda kwaizvozvi akawana zita rake. Iri pfundo harina zvipingamupinyi, zviri nyore kusunga nekusunungura. Vanogona kusunga tambo dzemadhayamita akasiyana, zvinhu uye usatya kuti ichasunungura. Kazhinji kazhinji inoshandiswa pakumisa ngarava kana mumamiriro ezvinhu apo iwe unoda kugadzira loop kana kusunga chimwe chinhu.

Nzira yekuruka sei gazebo knot:

1. Isu tinogadzira loop yenguva dzose.
2. Isu tinoisa mhedziso yemahara mukati meiyo loop uye tinoiruka iyo diagonally kutenderedza yakagadziriswa yekupedzisira.
3. Isu tinosvetuka kumashure mukati mechiuno.
4. Isu tinosimbisa migumo yetambo. Kuti pfundo rive rakasimba, zvakakosha zvikuru kuomesa migumo.

nhamba sere mapfundo

Muchitarisiko chinoita senge nhamba 8, saka zita rinotaura pacharo. Iyo pfundo iri nyore, asi yakakosha zvikuru. Pahwaro hwayo, mamwe mafundo akaoma akarukwa. Kubatsira kwenhamba-sere knot ndeyokuti haizombofa yakafambisa kana kusunungura pasi pemutoro.

Nezvo, iwe unogona kuita zvibato zvebhakiti rehuni kana kugadzirisa tambo pazviridzwa zvemimhanzi.

Ungarukwa sei mufananidzo wechisere:

1. Isu tinogadzira loop yenguva dzose.
2. Isu tinoshandura loop yedu 360 madhigirii uye tambo yemahara magumo mukati mechiuno.
3. Tinoomesa.

Nzira yekubatanidza loop-eight:

1. Peta chigumo chakasununguka muhafu kuti uite loop.
2. Isu tinoita mutsara wechipiri pedyo nemagumo maviri.
3. Tenderedza chechipiri loop 360 madhigirii.
4. Tinopfuudza loop yekutanga mukati mechipiri.
5. Tinoomesa.

knot knot

Iri pfundo nderekuzvisimbisa. Zvakanakira zviri nyore uye kumhanya kwekuruka, kuvimbika uye nyore kusunungura. Inokodzera kusungirira kune zvinhu zvine nzvimbo yakati sandara.

Ungaruka sei mhino:

1. Ita chiuno pamagumo etambo.
2. Isu tinoita chidimbu chechipiri kuita uta.
3. Tinoputira kuguma kwekusununguka kwetambo 3-4 nguva kumativi ose.
4. Isu tinosundira magumo kubva kumashure kusvika kune yechipiri loop.
5. Tinoomesa.

ropa knot

Munguva dzekare, mapfundo akadaro akarukwa pakati - zvikwapuro zvine mapfumbamwe kana kupfuura. Iyo kati yakashandiswa sechimbo chekutambudza uye kurangwa pachikepe - kuputika kwairwadza zvikuru, maronda haana kupora kwenguva refu. Nokuda kwepfundo iri uye rakawana zita raro rine ropa.

Ungarukwa sei pfundo rine ropa:

1. Mhedziso yakasununguka yetambo yakaputirwa kumativi akagadziriswa kaviri.
2. Tinoomesa.

flat knot

Inoshandiswa kana iwe uchida kusunga magumo etambo yemadhayamita akasiyana kana kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvakanaka kutsungirira mitoro inorema uye kunyorova. Asi iyi haisi iyo knot iri nyore, zviri nyore kuisunga zvisiri izvo. Iyo inonyanya kukosha nuance pakuruka pfundo rakatsetseka ndeyekuti magumo etambo anofanirwa kuenderana kune mumwe nemumwe.

Nzira yekurukwa sei flat knot:

1. Kubva pamucheto wakakora wetambo tinoita chiuno.
2. Mugumo mutete unoenda mukati meiyo gobvu.
3. Matenderedzwa maviri anogadzirwa pamusoro pekupedzisira gobvu.
4. Tinoomesa.

Clove hitch

Pakutanga, iyi knot yakashandiswa kusungira vyblenok - tambo dzakatetepa, kubva kune masitepisi evarume akaitwa. Ndiyo imwe yeakavimbika tightening fasteners. Yayo peculiarity ndeyokuti kuvimbika kukuru kunokwanisika chete pasi pemutoro. Uyewo, kuvimbika kwayo kunokanganiswa nepamusoro painosungirirwa. A big plus of the faded knot ndiko kukwanisa kuisunga neruoko rumwe. Inoshandiswa kusungira tambo kune zvinhu zvine nyoro uye kunyange pamusoro - matanda, masts. Pamusoro pezvinhu zvine mipendero, iyo pfundo yakapera haizove inoshanda.

Ungarukwa sei tie knot:

1. Mhedziso yakasununguka yetambo inoputirwa nechinhu.
2. Kupindirana kunogadzirwa.
3. Isu tinopfuudza magumo mumucheka wakaumbwa.
4. Tinoomesa.

Nzira yechipiri (kuruka nehafu bayonets):

1. Tinoita loop. Mugumo wakareba wetambo uri pamusoro.
2. Tinokanda loop pachinhu chacho.
3. Pamucheto wezasi wetambo tinoita chiuno uye tichichikanda pamusoro pechinhu.
4. Tinoomesa.

Anchor knot kana hove bayonet

Kweinopfuura mireniyumu imwe, yave ichishandiswa kubatanidza tambo pachibatiso. Zvakare, neiyi pfundo, migumo yetambo yakasungirirwa kune chero gomba rinokwira. Ipfundo rakavimbika uye rinosununguka zviri nyore.

Ungarukwa sei knot anchor:

1. Isu tinopfuudza kuguma kwetambo kaviri kuburikidza nemucheka we anchor kana imwe gomba rinokwira.
2. Tinokanda kuguma kwekusununguka kwetambo pamusoro pekupedzisira kwakagadziriswa uye kupfuudza kuburikidza nemucheka wakagadzirwa.
3. Tinosimbisa zvishwe zvose.
4. Kubva kumusoro tinoita knot yenguva dzose yekuvimbika.

Stop knot

Inoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo zvakakosha kuwedzera dhayamita yetambo.

Ungaruka sei stop knot:

1. Peta tambo nepakati.
2. Isu tinoisa kune iyo huru.
3. Nekuguma kwekusununguka kwetambo yekuvhara, kuvhara huru uye yechipiri kuguma kwetambo yekuvhara 5-7 nguva.
4. Mhedzisiro yakagadziriswa yatakaputira inodzorerwa kune loop yetambo yekuvhara.
5. Tinosimbisa magumo ose.

Clew knot

Mashiti akanga ambosungwa nepfundo rakadaro - tackle yekudzora seiri. Parizvino, inoshandiswa kusungira tambo dzemadhayamita akasiyana. Hazvina kukodzera kuruka tambo dzekugadzira sezvo dzichitsvedza.

Nzira yekuruka sei knot:

1. Kubva patambo gobvu tinogadzira chiuno.
2. Isu tinoputira tambo yakatetepa mukati, pfugama kumativi echiuno uye kuiputira pasi payo.
3. Tinoomesa.