Hyperkinesis muvanhu vakuru

Kusvikira pakati pezana remakore rapfuura, zvaitendwa kuti hyperkinesis inosiyana neurosis. Asi tsvakurudzo mune neurology yakabatsira kuona kuti ichi ndicho chimwe chezviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakakomba zvetsinga.

Chii chinonzi hyperkinesis

Hyperkinesis yakanyanyisa mhirizhonga mota zviito zvinoitika zvinopesana nekuda kwemurwere. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudedera (kudedera), kumwe kufamba.

Zvikonzero zve hyperkinesis muvanhu vakuru

Hyperkinesis haisi chirwere, asi chirwere (seti yezvimwe zviratidzo, zviratidzo). Izvo zviratidzo zvekukuvadzwa kune tsinga system nekuda kwe:

• kusagadzikana kwemajini;
• organic zvirwere zveuropi;
• zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvakakomba;
• toxicosis;
• kukuvara mumusoro;
• zvinokonzerwa nemimwe mishonga;
• degenerative shanduko.

Hyperkinesis nekuda kwechiitiko ichi inogona kugoverwa mumapoka matatu:

Primary - izvi kukuvara kwenhaka yetsinga system: chirwere chaWilson, chorea yaHuntington, kuderera kwe olivopontocerebellar.

Secondary - dzinomuka nekuda kwezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana, kukuvadzwa kwehurongwa hwemitsipa hunogamuchirwa munguva yehupenyu (kukuvadzwa kweuropi, encephalitis, carbon monoxide poisoning, migumisiro yekudhakwa, thyrotoxicosis, rheumatism, tumors, nezvimwewo).

Psychogenic - aya ndiwo hyperkinesias anoitika semugumisiro weacute psychotraumas, zvipembenene zvisingaperi - hysterical neuroses, psychoses, kusagadzikana kwekuzvidya mwoyo. Aya mafomu haawanzo kuwanikwa, asi haana kubviswa.

Zviratidzo zve hyperkinesis muvanhu vakuru

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvepathology zviito zvemotokari zvinoitika zvinopesana nezvinodiwa nemunhu pachake. Vanorondedzerwa sechishuvo chisingadzivisiki chokufamba nenzira iyi isina kujairika. Mukuwedzera, kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika zvechirwere chinokonzera. Zvinonyanya kuratidzwa:

• Kubvunda kana kudedera -alternating contractions of the flexor-extensor muscles, ine zvose zvakakwirira uye zvakaderera amplitude. Vanogona kunge vari munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri, vachinyangarika panguva yekufamba kana pakuzorora (kana, zvinopesana, kuwedzera).
• Nervous tic - inopinza, jerky muscle contractions ine yakaderera amplitude. Matic anowanzo kugariswa mune rimwe boka remhasuru, anogona kudzvinyirirwa zvishoma nekuedza nesimba. Kune kubwinya, kuputika kwekona yeziso, kuputika, kutendeuka kwemusoro, kuputika kwekona yemuromo, pfudzi.
• Myoclonus - kubvongodzwa nenzira ine nyonganyonga yetsandanyama imwe neimwe. Nekuda kwavo, mamwe mapoka emhasuru anogona kuita mafambiro asingaite, jerks.
• Chorea - non-rhythmic jerky mafambiro anogadzirwa nehombe amplitude. Navo, zvakaoma zvikuru kufamba zvisina tsarukano, ivo vanowanzotanga nemakumbo.
• ballism - inopinza uye isingaite inotenderera inotenderera mupfudzi kana muhudyu, nekuda kweiyo nhengo inoita kukanda mafambiro.
• Blepharospasm - kuvharika kusingaite kwekuvhara kwemaziso nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemuscle tone.
• Oromandibular dystonia – kuvhara shaya nekuvhura muromo kusingaite pakutsenga, kuseka kana kutaura.
• Kunyora spasm -kupeta kwemhasuru munzvimbo yeuXNUMXbuXNUMXbruoko paunenge uchinyora, kazhinji pamwe nekudedera kweruoko.
• Athetosis - kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma muminwe, tsoka, maoko, chiso.
• Torsion dystonia - inononoka kumonyoroka mafambiro munzvimbo yetorso.
• Facial hemispasm - muscle spasm inotanga nezana remakore, ichipfuura kusvika kuhafu yose yechiso.

Mhando dze hyperkinesis muvakuru

Hyperkinesias yakasiyana, zvichienderana nechikamu chipi chenheyo system uye extrapyramidal nzira yakakuvadzwa. Kusiyana kwakasiyana muyero yekufamba uye maficha einonzi "motor pateni", nguva yekuitika uye chimiro chekufamba uku.

Neurologists vanosiyanisa mapoka akati wandei e hyperkinesis, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yenzvimbo yavo yekurwara.

Kukuvadza mu subcortical formations - kuratidzwa kwavo kuchava muchimiro che chorea, torsion dystonia, athetosis kana ballism. Kufamba kwevanhu kunoratidzwa nekusavapo kwechero rhythm, pane kuoma, kusajairika mafambiro, kukanganisa tsandanyama toni (dystonia) uye misiyano yakakura mukufamba.

Kukuvadza kwehunde yeuropi - munyaya iyi, pachava nekudengenyeka kwemaitiro (kudedera), kuonekwa kwe myorhythmias, tic, kuputika kwechiso, myoclonus. Iwo anoratidzirwa ne rhythm, mafambiro ari nyore uye ane stereotyped.

Kukuvadza kune cortical uye subcortical zvimiro - ivo vanoratidzwa nekubatwa kwepfari, generalized hyperkinesis, Hunt's dyssynergy, moclonus.

Kana tikafunga kumhanya kwekufamba kunoitika mumuviri zvisingaite, tinogona kusiyanisa:

• kukurumidza mafomu e hyperkinesias kudengenyeka, tic, ballism, chorea kana myoclonus - vanowanzoderedza musuru tone;
• mafomu anononoka ndeye torsion dystonias, athetosis - tsandanyama toni inowanzowedzera pamwe navo.

Zvichienderana nekusiyana kwavo kwekuitika, tinogona kusiyanisa:

• spontaneous hyperkinesis - inoitika pachayo, pasina simba rezvimwe zvinhu;
• promotional hyperkinesis - vanotsamwiswa nekuita kweimwe kufamba, kugamuchirwa kweimwe chimiro;
• reflex hyperkinesis - inoratidzika seyakagadziriswa kune kunze kwekunze (kubata dzimwe pfungwa, kubata pamhasuru);
• induced ndiwo mafambiro ekuita zvishoma, anogona kudziviswa nemunhu kune imwe nhanho.

Nekuyerera:

• kufamba nguva dzose kunogona kungonyangarika panguva yekurara (izvi, semuenzaniso, kudedera kana athetosis);
• paroxysmal, inoitika munguva shoma munguva (iyi tics, myoclonus).

Kurapa kwe hyperkinesis muvanhu vakuru

Kuti unyatsobvisa hyperkinesis, zvakakosha kuziva zvikonzero zvavo. Chiremba anocherekedza kufamba kusingaite ivo pachavo panguva yekuongorora uye kujekesa nemurwere. Asi zvakakosha kuti unzwisise padanho ripi remitsipa inobatwa uye kana kupora kwayo kuchigoneka.

Diagnostics

Chirongwa chikuru chekuongorora chinosanganisira kubvunzurudza neurologist. Chiremba anoongorora rudzi rwe hyperkinesis, anosarudza zviratidzo zvinofambidzana, mabasa epfungwa, njere. Akasarudzwawo:

• EEG - kuongorora maitiro emagetsi europi uye kutsvaga pathological foci;
• Electroneuromyography - kuona tsandanyama pathologies;
• MRI kana CT yeuropi - kuona zvipembenene zvehupenyu: hematomas, tumors, kuzvimba;
• kuongororwa kweropa rekuyerera kwecerebral uchishandisa ultrasound yemidziyo yemusoro nemutsipa, MRI;
• biochemical ropa uye weti miedzo;
• genetic counselling.

Mishonga yemazuva ano

Nekududzwa kwekinetic chikamu chekudengenyeka, pamwe chete nekudengenyeka kwemusoro uye inzwi rakapetwa, clonazepam inoshanda.

Kune cerebellar tremor, iyo yakaoma kurapa, GABAergic mishonga inowanzoshandiswa, pamwe nekuremerwa kwemakumbo nebhangi.

Kudzivirirwa kwe hyperkinesis muvakuru kumba

"Hapana matanho chaiwo ekudzivirira kukura kwechirwere," anosimbisa chiremba wetsinga Valentina Kuzmina. - Kudzivirirwa kwekuora kwechirwere chiripo kune chinangwa chikuru pakudzikamisa psycho-emotional kusagadzikana uye kushushikana. Zvakakoshawo kuchengetedza mararamiro ane hutano - kudya kwakanaka, nzira yakarurama yekuzorora uye basa, nezvimwewo.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Nei hyperkinesis ine njodzi, kana iwe uchida kuona chiremba, kana iwe uchifanira kutora mishonga uye kana uchikwanisa kuzvirapa, akadaro. chiremba wetsinga Valentina Kuzmina.