akaita hurukuro nemunyori weEating Animals Jonathan Safran Foer. Munyori anokurukura pfungwa dzekudya miriwo uye zvinangwa zvakamutuma kuti anyore bhuku iri.
Anozivikanwa neprose yake, asi akaerekana akanyora bhuku risiri rekunyepedzera rinotsanangura kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwenyama. Maererano nemunyori, haasi musayendisiti kana muzivi - akanyora "Kudya Mhuka" seanodya.
“Mumasango ari pakati peEurope, aidya kuti ararame pamukana wose. MuAmerica, makore 50 gare gare, takadya chero zvataida. Makabati ekubikira aive akazara nechikafu chaitengwa neshungu, chikafu chemhando yepamusoro, chikafu chataisada. Pakapera zuva rekushandisa, tairasa chikafu tisina kunhuwa. Chikafu chaive chisina kunetseka.
Ambuya vangu vakatipa hupenyu uhu. Asi iye pachake haana kukwanisa kubvisa kuora mwoyo ikoko. Kwaari, zvokudya zvakanga zvisiri zvokudya. Zvokudya zvaityisa, chiremera, kuonga, kutsiva, mufaro, kunyadziswa, chitendero, nhau, uye, chokwadika, rudo. Sokunge kuti michero yaakatipa yakadzurwa pamapazi emuti wedu wakatyoka wemhuri,” chimwe chikamu chebhuku racho.
Radio Netherlands: Bhuku iri rinonyanya kutaura nezvemhuri nezvekudya. Chaizvoizvo, pfungwa yekunyora bhuku yakazvarwa pamwe chete nemwanakomana wake, mwana wekutanga.
Forer: Ndinoda kumudzidzisa nekuenderana kwese kunobvira. Imwe inoda kusaziva kwemaune sezvinobvira, kukanganwa kudiki nemaune, uye hunyengeri hushoma sezvinobvira. Ndaiziva, sekuziva kwevanhu vazhinji, nyama inomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda yakakomba. Uye ndaida kuona kuti chii chandinonyatsofunga pamusoro peizvi uye kurera mwanakomana wangu maererano neizvi.
Radio Netherlands: Unozivikanwa semunyori wenganonyorwa, uye mumhando iyi tsumo inoti “Usarega chokwadi chichikanganisa nyaya yakanaka” chinoshandiswa. Asi bhuku rinonzi “Eating Animals” rakazara nechokwadi. Wakasarudza sei ruzivo rwebhuku?
Forer: Nekungwarira kukuru. Ndakashandisa nhamba dzakaderera, kazhinji kubva muindasitiri yenyama pachayo. Dai ndakanga ndasarudza nhamba shoma dzekuchengetedza, bhuku rangu ringadai rakanyanya simba. Asi ndakanga ndisingadi kuti kunyange muverengi ane rusaruro munyika yose asava nechokwadi chokuti ndakanga ndichitaura chokwadi pamusoro peindasitiri yenyama.
Radio Netherlands: Mukuwedzera, iwe wakapedza nguva uchiona maitiro ekugadzirwa kwenyama nemaziso ako. Mubhuku, iwe unonyora nezvekukambaira kwawakaita munzvimbo yekugadzira nyama zvidyarwa kuburikidza newaya ine minzwa usiku. Zvakanga zvisiri nyore here?
Forer: Zvakaoma! Uye ndaisada kuzviita, hapana chaisetsa pazviri, zvaityisa. Ichi ndicho chimwe chokwadi pamusoro peindasitiri yenyama: kune gore guru rekuvanzika rakaipoteredza. Iwe hauwane mukana wekutaura kune nhengo yebhodhi yeimwe yemakambani. Iwe unogona kunge uine rombo rakanaka rekutaura kune mumwe munhu akaoma-mhino hukama hweveruzhinji, asi haufe wakasangana nemunhu anoziva chero chinhu. Kana uchida kugamuchira mashoko, uchaona kuti hazvibviri. Uye zvinokatyamadza chaizvoizvo! Unongoda kutarisa kuti chikafu chako chinobva kupi uye havakubvumire. Izvi zvinofanira kumutsa kufungirana. Uye zvakangondisvota.
Radio Netherlands: Uye chii chavaivanza?
Forer: Vanovanza hutsinye hwakarongeka. Mabatirwo anoitwa mhuka idzi pasi rose anganzi haasi pamutemo (dai dziri katsi kana imbwa). Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kweindasitiri yenyama kunongokatyamadza. Makambani anovanza chokwadi pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu umo vanhu vanoshanda mazuva ose. Mufananidzo usina kujeka kunyangwe wakautarisa sei.
Hapana chakanaka muhurongwa hwese huno. Panguva yekunyora bhuku rino, inofungidzirwa kuti 18% yegreenhouse gas emissions yakabva muzvipfuyo. Nezuva iro bhuku rakabudiswa, iyi data yakanga ichangobva kuvandudzwa: ikozvino inotendwa kuti i51%. Zvichireva kuti indasitiri iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kudziya kwepasi kudarika mamwe ese akasanganiswa. UN inotaurawo kuti kuchengetwa kwemhuka dzakawanda chinhu chechipiri kana chechitatu pane zvikonzero zvezvinetso zvose zvakakosha zvezvakatipoteredza pasi pano.
Asi hazvifanirwe kunge zvakafanana! Zvinhu zvepanyika hazvina kugara zvakaita seizvi, takatsveyamisa hunhu nekupfuya zvipfuyo mumaindasitiri.
Ndakaenda kumapurazi enguruve ndikaona madziva aya emarara akapoterera. Iwo madhamu ekutuhwina ane hukuru hweOlympic azere netsvina. Ndakazviona uye munhu wese anoti hazvina kunaka, hazvifanirwe kudaro. Hune muchetura zvokuti kana munhu akaerekana asvikako, anofa pakarepo. Uye, chokwadi, zviri mukati memadziva aya hazvina kuchengetwa, zvinopfachukira uye kupinda muhurongwa hwekupa mvura. Nokudaro, kufudza mhuka ndicho chikonzero chekutanga chekusvibiswa kwemvura.
Uye nyaya yazvino, chirwere cheE. coli? Vana vakafa vachidya mahamburger. Ini handifi ndakapa mwana wangu hamburger, kani - kunyangwe paine mukana mudiki wekuti pathogen inogona kunge iripo ipapo.
Ndinoziva vazhinji vanodya miriwo vasina hanya nemhuka. Havana basa nezvinoitika kuzvipfuwo mumapurazi. Asi havazombobata nyama yacho nekuda kwekukanganisa kwayo nharaunda kana hutano hwevanhu.
Ini pachangu handisi mumwe wevanoshuva kubatira huku, nguruve kana mombe. Asi iniwo handivavengi. Uye izvi ndizvo zvatiri kutaura nezvazvo. Hatisi kutaura nezvekuda mhuka, tiri kuti hazvifanirwe kuvenga. Uye musaita sekunge tinovavenga.
Radio Netherlands: Isu tinoda kufunga kuti isu tinorarama mune yakawedzera kana kushoma nzanga, uye zvinoita sekunge hurumende yedu inouya neimwe mhando yemitemo kudzivirira kutambudzwa kusingakoshi kwemhuka. Kubva pamashoko ako zvinobuda here kuti hapana anoona kuchengetwa kwemitemo iyi?
Forer: Kutanga, kwakaoma zvikuru kutevera. Kunyangwe nevavariro dzakanakisa dzevaongorori, nhamba yakakura kudaro yemhuka inourayiwa nechiyero chakakura kudaro! Kazhinji, muongorori ane masekonzi maviri chaiwo ekutarisa mukati uye kunze kwemhuka kuti aone kuti kuuraya kwakaenda sei, izvo zvinowanzoitika mune imwe chikamu chenzvimbo. Uye chechipiri, dambudziko nderekuti macheki anoshanda haasi mune zvavanofarira. Nokuti kubata mhuka semhuka, uye kwete sechinhu chezvokudya zvomunguva yemberi, kwaizodhura zvakawanda. Izvi zvaizoita kuti nyama iwedzere kudhura.
Radio Netherlands: Foer akave anodya miriwo makore mana apfuura. Sezviri pachena, nhau yemhuri yairemedza zvikuru chisarudzo chake chokupedzisira.
Forer: Zvakanditorera makore 20 kuti ndive munhu anodya miriwo. Makore 20 ose aya ndaiziva zvakawanda, handina kusiya chokwadi. Kune vanhu vakawanda vane ruzivo, vakangwara uye vakadzidza munyika vanoramba vachidya nyama, vachinyatsoziva kuti inobva kupi uye sei. Hongu, inotizadza uye inonaka. Asi zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofadza, uye tinogara tichizviramba, isu tinokwanisa kuita izvi.
Nyama zvakare muto wehuku wawaipihwa uchiri mwana nedzihwa, idzi idzo mbuya, mabhega ababa ari pachivanze zuva rakacheka nyika, hove dzaamai kubva kugotsi – idzi ndidzo ndangariro dzeupenyu hwedu. Nyama chero chinhu, munhu wese ane yake. Chikafu ndicho chinonyanya kukwezva, ndinotenda mazviri. Uye ndangariro idzi dzakakosha kwatiri, hatifanire kunyomba, hatifanire kuzvidzikisira, tinofanira kuzvifunga. Zvisinei, tinofanira kuzvibvunza timene: ukoshi hweidzi ndangariro hadzina ganhuriro, kana kuti zvichida kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru? Uye chechipiri, vanogona kutsiviwa here?
Unonzwisisa here kuti ndikasadya huku yaambuya nekaroti zvinoreva here kuti nzira dzekuvasvitsa parudo dzinopera, kana kuti izvi zvinongochinja? Radio Netherlands: Ndiyo ndiro yake yekusaina here? Foer: Hongu huku nekaroti ndazvidya kasingaverengeki. Pese pataienda kwambuya taimutarisira. Apa ambuya vane huku: takadya zvese tichiti ndivo shasha yekubika pasi rose. Ndakabva ndarega kuidya. Uye ndakafunga, chii zvino? Karoti nekaroti? Asi akawana mamwe mabikirwo. Uye uhwu ndihwo ufakazi hwakanakisisa hworudo. Iye zvino anotipa zvekudya zvakasiyana nekuti takachinja uye achinja pakupindura. Uye mukubika uku kune ikozvino chinangwa chakawanda, chikafu ikozvino chinoreva zvakawanda.
Nehurombo, bhuku rino harisati rashandurirwa muchiRussian, saka tinokupa iro muChirungu.
Ndatenda zvikuru neshanduro yehurukuro paredhiyo