Lyophyllum shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji)
- Chikamu: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Kupatsanura: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Kirasi: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Order: Agaricales (Agaric kana Lamellar)
- Mhuri: Lyophyllaceae (Lyophyllic)
- Genus: Lyophyllum (Lyophyllum)
- Type: Lyophyllum shimeji (Liophyllum simedzi)
:
- Tricholoma shimeji
- Lyophyllum shimeji
Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvaidavirwa kuti Lyophyllum shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) inogoverwa chete munzvimbo shoma inofukidza masango emipaini eJapan uye zvikamu zveFar East. Panguva imwecheteyo, paive nerudzi rwakasiyana, Lyophyllum fumosum (L. smoky grey), yakabatana nemasango, kunyanya conifers, mamwe mabhuku akatorondedzera semycorrhiza yekare nepine kana spruce, kunze yakafanana zvikuru neL.decastes uye L. .shimeji. Zvichangoburwa zvidzidzo zvemolecular-level zvakaratidza kuti hakuna rudzi rumwe rwakadai rwuripo, uye zvese zvakawanikwa zvinoiswa murudzi seL.fumosum zvingangove zveL.decastes specimens (zvakawanda) kana L.shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) (zvishoma, mumasango emipaini). Saka, kubvira nhasi (2018), mhando yeL.fumosum yakabviswa, uye inonzi yakafanana neL.decastes, ichiwedzera zvakanyanya nzvimbo dzekupedzisira, kusvika ku "chero kupi zvako". Zvakanaka, L.shimeji, sezvazvakazoitika, inokura kwete muJapan neFar East chete, asi inopararira munzvimbo yese yeboreal zone kubva kuScandinavia kuenda kuJapan, uye, mune dzimwe nzvimbo, inowanikwa mumasango epine enzvimbo inodziya yemamiriro ekunze. . Iyo inosiyana kubva kuL. decastes chete mumiviri mikuru ye fruiting ine makumbo akakora, kukura muzvikamu zviduku kana zvakasiyana, kusungirirwa kune yakaoma pine masango, uye, zvakanaka, pamwero we molecular.
Hat: 4 - 7 centimita. Muhuduku, convex, ine yakadudzwa yakapetwa mupendero. Nezera, rinobuda kunze, rinoita zvishoma kana rakakotama, pakati pekapu pane kanenge nguva dzose inodanwa yakafara yakaderera tubercle. Ganda revhavha rakanyanya matte, rakatsetseka. Iyo color scheme iri mugrey uye brownish tones, kubva kune greyish brown kusvika kune yakasviba grey, inogona kuwana yero grey shades. Pamusoro pechivharo, mavara erima hygrophan uye mitsetse yeradial inowanzoonekwa zvakajeka, dzimwe nguva panogona kunge kune diki hygrophobic pattern muchimiro che "mesh".
Ndiro: kazhinji, nhete. Yakasununguka kana kukura zvishoma. Muchena mumhando dzechidiki, gare gare kusviba kune beige kana greyish.
Gumbo: 3 - 5 masendimita pakureba uye kusvika kune imwe nehafu centimita muhupamhi, cylindrical. Muchena kana pfumbu. Iyo yepamusoro yakatsetseka, inogona kunge yakaita silky kana fibrous kusvika pakubata. Mukukura kwakagadzirwa nehowa, makumbo akabatanidzwa zvakasimba kune mumwe nemumwe.
Mhete, chifukidziro, Volvo: ndisipo.
Pulp: dense, chena, zvishoma greyish muhunde, elastic. Haisi kuchinja ruvara pakucheka uye kuputsa.
Kunhuwa uye kuravira: kunakidza, zvishoma nutty kuravira.
Spore poda: chena.
Spores: denderedzwa kusvika pakufara ellipsoid. Smooth, colorless, hyaline kana ine fine-grained intracellular contents, zvishoma amyloid. Nekupararira kukuru muhukuru, 5.2 - 7.4 x 5.0 - 6.5 µm.
Inokura pavhu, marara, inofarira masango akaoma emipaini.
Active fruiting inoitika munaAugust-September.
Lyophyllum shimeji inokura mumasumbu madiki nemapoka, zvishoma kazhinji imwe.
Yakaparadzirwa muEurasia yose kubva kuJapan archipelago kuenda kuScandinavia.
Howa hunodyiwa. KuJapan, Lyophyllum shimeji, inonzi Hon-shimeji ikoko, inonzi howa hunotapira.
Lyophyllum yakazara (Lyophyllum decastes) inokurawo mumasumbu, asi masumbu aya anoumbwa nenhamba yakakura kwazvo yemitumbi inobereka michero. Inofarira masango anodonha. Nguva ye fruiting inobva munaJuly kusvika munaOctober.
Elm lyophyllum (Elm oyster mushroom, Hypsizygus ulmarius) inoonekwawo yakafanana zvakanyanya pakutaridzika nekuda kwekuvapo kweiyo hygrophan yakatenderedzwa mavara pacap. Howa hweOyster hune miviri inobereka hunde yakawedzera kurebesa uye ruvara rwekepisi runowanzoreruka kupfuura rweLyophyllum shimeji. Zvisinei, misiyano iyi yekunze haina kunyanya kukosha, kana iwe ukateerera kune zvakatipoteredza. Oyster mushroom haina kukura pavhu, inokura chete pamatanda akafa emiti inodonha: pazvitunha uye zvakasara zvehuni zvakanyudzwa muvhu.
Zita remhuka rinonzi Shimeji rinobva kumarudzi echiJapan anonzi Hon-shimeji kana Hon-shimejitake. Asi chaizvoizvo, muJapan, pasi pezita rokuti "Simeji", unogona kuwana pakutengesa kwete Lyophyllum shimeji chete, asiwo, semuenzaniso, imwe lyophyllum inorimwa ipapo, elm.
Mufananidzo: Vyacheslav