😉 Mhoroi mose! Ndinokutendai nekusarudza chinyorwa "Marina Tsvetaeva: A Brief Biography" panzvimbo ino! Heano matanho makuru ehupenyu hwemudetembi wekuRussia weSilver Age.
Hudiki nehudiki
Marina akaberekwa October 8, 1892 muMoscow mumhuri Prof. Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev nemudzimai wake wechipiri, piano Maria Alexandrovna Mayne. Mhuri iyi yaive nevana vana, vaviri kubva kumuchato wavo wekutanga, sezvo mudzimai wapurofesa wekutanga akafa achisununguka.
Musikana uyu akanyora nhetembo dzake dzokutanga pazera remakore 6. Nechekare pazera iri aitaura chiFrench nechiGerman. Amai vake vaida kuti mwanasikana wavo ave muimbi, uye kubva pazera remakore manomwe Marina panguva imwe chete akadzidza pane imwe gymnasium yevasikana uye pachikoro chemimhanzi.
Musikana uyu aida kuteerera nyaya dzababa vake pamusoro pengano dzeGreece yekare, uye izvi zvakazoonekwa mumabasa ake erudo.
Apo Marina aiva nemakore gumi, amai vake vakaonekwa kuti vane chirwere chekupedzisira chechirwere chetachiona uye mhuri yakaenda kuItaly, mutaundi reNervi pedyo neGenoa. Muna 10 - 1903 musikana akadzidza muzvikoro zvebhodhingi muFrance, Switzerland neGermany.
Mhuri yacho yakadzokera kuRussia muna 1905. Maria nevanasikana vake vaigara muYalta, uye pashure pegore vakatamira kuTarusa. Nokukurumidza Maria akafa, baba vakaendesa vasikana kuMoscow.
Pazera remakore 17, Marina akapedza mwedzi yakawanda ari muParis, kwaakatumirwa kubva kuyunivhesiti kuti awedzere ruzivo rwake rwemabhuku echiFrench emazana emakore apfuura.
Muna 1910, muunganidzwa wenhetembo naTsvetaeva yakabudiswa, iyo yakakwezva kutarisa kwaV. Bryusov, M. Voloshin naN. Gumilyov. Mumwe mudetembi wechidiki anosangana naMaximilian Voloshin.
Marina Tsvetaeva mhuri
Zhizha 1911 Tsvetaeva anopedza muCrimea, kwaanosangana Sergei Efron. Mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, vakaroorana, mwanasikana wavo Ariadne (Alya) akaberekwa. Muna 1917, mwanasikana wechipiri, Irina, akaberekwa, asi pashure pokurarama kwemakore matatu, mwana akafa.
Sergey Efron naMarina Tsvetaeva
Kufanana nevanhu vakawanda vakasika, Tsvetaeva akanga akapindwa muropa uye aiwanzowira murudo. Semuenzaniso, aive nehukama hwenguva refu naB. Pasternak. Mukupera kwa1914, Marina akasangana nomudetembi Sophia Parnok uye vakava neukama hwepedyo hwakagara kwemakore maviri.
Kurwisana kwemakore akanga ari nhamo kumhuri yacho. Efron akashanda muVolunteer Army, uye Marina akashanda mumakomisheni akasiyana-siyana muMoscow.
Muna 1921, Efron akanga ari muutapwa muPrague uye akadzidza kuyunivhesiti. I. Ehrenburg, paaipfuura nomuPrague, akamuudza mashoko aibva kumudzimai wake. Agamuchira mhinduro, Marina akatanga kugadzirira kutama.
Muchirimo cha1922, iye nomwanasikana wake vakaenda kuPrague. Pano Tsvetaeva aiva nechido negweta Konstantin Rodzevich, iyo yakagara kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Uye ipapo Marina akabatsira mutsigiri wake pakusarudza chipfeko chemuchato, kugumisa hukama hwese.
Muna 1925, mwanakomana wake George akaberekwa uye mhuri akaenda Paris. Asi pano Efron akapomerwa mhosva yekutora NKVD. Kubva kuma1930, mhuri yakararama pamucheto wourombo.
Dzimwe nguva Salome Andronikova akapa rubatsiro ruduku. Sergei Yakovlevich akanga achirwara zvikuru. Mhedzisiro chete yekuwana mari yaiva zvinyorwa izvo Tsvetaeva akanyora. Mwanasikana akatora maorder ekushongedza kweheti.
Kudzoka kune njodzi
Murume nemwanasikana aigara achinyengetedza Marina kuti aende kuUSSR. Muchirimo cha1937, Ariadne akagamuchira mvumo yokudzokera. Uye mukuwa, Sergei Efron akatiza zvisiri pamutemo, sezvo kubatanidzwa kwake muchibvumirano chekuuraya mwanakomana waTrotsky kwakaratidzwa.
Muna 1939 Marina Ivanovna akauyawo kuUSSR. Asi kudzokera kwemhuri kunyika yokumusha kwavo kwakaunza nhamo huru nenhamo. MunaAugust, Alya akasungwa, muna October - Sergei. Akapfurwa makore maviri gare gare. Alya akapedza makore 15 ari muutapwa, akadzorerwa chete muna 1955.
Muna August 1941, iye nemwanakomana wake vakabva vatizira kuguta reTatar reElabuga. Musi waAugust 31, 1941, achisiya zvinyorwa zvishomanana, mudetembi akazvisungirira muimba iyo iye nemwanakomana wake vakanga vachigoverana. George akafa muhondo, muzhizha ra1944 uye akavigwa muguva ravose muBraslav, Belarus.
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