Mhuru (kubva kuOld French nyoro, yakapfava) inzvimbo ine nyama iri panzvimbo yepashure pegumbo, pakati pemusana webvi neretsoka.

Chimiro uye chimiro. Mhuru iyi ine chikwereti nekuumbwa nemhasuru dzinoigadzira uye inouya nechekumashure nekunze kwegumbo.

Musculature. Inowanikwa mukamuri repashure, iyo triceps sural mhasuru inopa chimiro kumhuru. Iyo sural triceps mhasuru inoumbwa nemasumbu matatu: iyo yekupedzisira gastrocnemius, iyo yepakati gastrocnemius uye yezuva mhasuru, iri pasi pemaviri gastrocnemius. (1) Iyo sural triceps inoguma muAchilles tendon. Misumbu miviri yechipenga chekunze zvakare inogadzira mhuru: iyo yekupedzisira fibular yakareba uye yekupedzisira fibular ipfupi.

Vascularization uye innervation. Iyo triceps sural mhasuru haina kuchengetedzwa neiyo tibial nerve (2). Tsandanyama dzekunze kamuri hadzina kuchengetedzwa neiyo yepamusoro peoneal tsinga. (3) Iyo yakazara vascularized neashure tibial uye fibular arteri.

Plantar kurira. Mhuru dzemhuru dzinobatanidzwa mukudyara kwemumakumbo. (2)

Eversion yetsoka. Tsandanyama dzepanze chikamu chine basa nekudzikiswa kwetsoka, ndiko kuti kufamba kunounza plantar kumeso kunze.

Kudzikiswa kwetsoka. Basa re mhasuru dzekunze kamuri kudzikamisa tsoka, kunyanya panguva yekudyara kwemuti. (4)

Tendinopathies. Ivo vanoratidzira ese maratidziro anogona kuitika mune tendon. Ivo vanonyanya kuratidzwa nemarwadzo panguva yekuedza. Zvinokonzera izvi pathologies zvinogona siyana. Mavambo anogona kuve epamoyo pamwe nemagene ekufananidzira, sekunze, nemuenzaniso zvakashata zvinzvimbo panguva yekudzidzira mutambo (5).

Tsvina yemaronda isina maronda

• Chibvumirano. Icho chisingaite, chinorwadza uye chisingaperi chidzvinyiriri chetsandanyama.
• Cramp. Inoenderana nekuzvipira, kunorwadza uye kwechinguva kudzvinyirira kwetsandanyama.

Kukuvara kwetsandanyama. Mhuru inogona kunge iri nzvimbo yekukuvara kwemhasuru, ichiperekedzwa nemarwadzo.

• Elongation. Chekutanga nhanho yekukuvara kwemhasuru, kureba kunoenderana nekutambanudza kwetsandanyama kunokonzerwa nema microtears uye zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kwemhasuru.
• Kuparara. Chikamu chechipiri chekukuvara kwemhasuru, iko kuputsika kunoenderana nekuputika kwemhasuru tambo.

PASI PEDYO. Chikamu chekupedzisira chekukuvara kwemhasuru, chinoenderana nekutsemuka zvachose kwetsandanyama.

Varicose veins. Ichi chirwere chinowirirana nekusanzwisisika kwemitsipa. Inokanganisa wepamusoro venous network yenhengo dzezasi, varicose mutsinga inoonekwa pamusoro pemhuru. Ivo vanowanzo sangana nekurwadziwa uye huremu hunonzwika mumakumbo.

Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakawanikwa, marapirwo akasiyana anogona kupihwa kudzora kurwadziwa nekuzvimba.

Syndromeomatic kurapwa. Muchiitiko chevicic veins, elastic compression inogona kupihwa kudzikisa kudzikisira kwetsinga.

Endovascular kurapwa. Uku ndiko kurapwa kunoitwa mukati memidzi yeropa.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwehutachiona hwakaonekwa, kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa.

Kurapa kwepanyama. Therapical Therapies, kuburikidza neakanyanya mapurogiramu ekurovedza muviri, inogona kupihwa senge physiotherapy kana physiotherapy.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuitira kucherechedza uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nemurwere.

Kuongorora kwekufungidzira kwekurapa. X-ray, CT, kana MRI bvunzo dzinogona kushandiswa kusimbisa kana kuwedzera kuongororwa.

Doppler ultrasound. Iyi chaiyo ultrasound inoita kuti zvikwanise kucherechedza kuyerera kweropa. Inoshandiswa kunyanya kuongorora varicose veins.