Nephrectomy (chikamu kana chakazara) ndiko kubviswa kweitsvo. Itsvo dzedu, mbiri muhuwandu, dzinoshanda senzvimbo yekuchenesa ropa remuviri, ichiburitsa tsvina muchimiro cheweti. Imwe yeitsvo inogona kubviswa nekuda kwemamota, kana kupa nhengo. Unogona kugara zvakanaka neitsvo imwe chete.

Nephrectomy ndiko kuvhiya kubviswa kwese kana chidimbu kweimwe yeaya chiuno. 

Basa reitsvo

Itsvo dzakakosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwemuviri. Chokwadi, vanoita basa remarara sefa. Vanogara vachigamuchira ropa uye vanobvisa zvinhu zvisingadiwi kubva mairi, izvo zvichabviswa nenzira yeweti. Vanobudisawo hormone, erythropoietin, inoshandiswa kugadzira masero matsvuku eropa. Basa ravo rinosanganisirawo kutonga kweBP, uye kugadzirwa kwevhitamini D kusimbisa mapfupa.

Iwo anowanikwa muzasi kumashure, kune rumwe rutivi rwemusana. 

Itsvo dzakaumbwa netsinga dzeropa, renal parenchyma (iyo inoburitsa weti), uye machubhu ekubudisira weti kunze kwemuviri.

Zvakakwana kana kuti zvishoma?

Nephrectomies inogona kuva yemhando dzakasiyana, zvichienderana nehuwandu uye kukura kwegoho reitsvo.

• Nephrectomies huwandu bvisa itsvo yose. Kana ma lymph nodes akapoteredza akabviswa kubva muitsvo, ndeye nephrectomy yose. zvakawedzerwa, panyaya yegomarara reitsvo rakatanga.
• Nephrectomies kusarura, semuenzaniso kubvisa bundu kana kurapa hutachiona, ita kuti zvibvire chengetedza itsvo. Chikamu che renal parenchyma chinowanzo bviswa pamwe chete neinofambirana excretory nzira.
• Nephrectomies bilateral (kana binephrectomy) ndiko kubviswa kweitsvo dzose, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru (murwere anobva achengetwa muchipatara achishandisa itsvo dzakagadzirwa).

  Mhando iyi yenephrectomy inoshandiswa kune vanopa nhengo vakafa nekufa kweuropi. Muchiitiko ichi, itsvo dzinogona kuiswa kune murwere anowirirana. Rudzi urwu rwemupiro runoponesa zviuru zvevarwere vanotadza kushanda kweitsvo gore rega rega.

Kugadzirira nephrectomy

Sezvo kusati kwaitwa chero kuvhiyiwa, zvinokurudzirwa kuti usasvuta kana kunwa mumazuva apfuura. Ongororo yepre-anesthetic ichaitwa.

Avhareji yekuiswa muchipatara

Nephrectomy inoda kuvhiyiwa kunorema uye kuzorora kune murwere / mupi. Nguva yekuiswa muchipatara iri pakati 4 ne15 mazuva zvichienderana nemurwere, dzimwe nguva kusvika kumavhiki mana ezviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki (zvakadai semamota). The convalescence inobva yatora mavhiki matatu.

Ongororo yacho zvakadzama

Kuvhiyiwa kuri pasi peanesthesia, uye kunotora avhareji yemaawa maviri (inoshanduka nguva). Kune nzira dzakasiyana zvichienderana nechinangwa.

• Celioscopie

  Muchiitiko chechidimbu chenephrectomy, sekubviswa kwechirwere chetsvo, chiremba anovhiya anopinza zviridzwa pasina "kuzarura" murwere, achishandisa maitiro akanaka padivi rehudyu. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuderedza ukuru hwemavanga uye naizvozvo njodzi.

• Laparotomy

  Kana itsvo ichifanira kubviswa zvachose (total nephrectomy), ipapo chiremba anovhiya anoita laparotomy: achishandisa scalpel anoita incision yakakura zvakakwana padivi pehudyu kuti ikwanise kubvisa itsvo inobatanidzwa mukushanda. .

• Robhoti rubatsiro

  Iyo itsika nyowani, isati yanyanya kupararira asi inoshanda: iyo robhoti-inobatsirwa mashandiro. Chiremba anovhiya anodzora robhoti ari kure, izvo mune mamwe mamiriro anoita kuti zvibvire kusafambisa kana kuvandudza iko kurongeka kweoparesheni.

Zvichienderana nechinangwa chekushanda, chiremba anovhiya saka anobvisa itsvo, kana chikamu chayo, uye "anovhara" kuvhura kwaakaita, achishandisa sutures.

Murwere anobva arara, dzimwe nguva makumbo akasimudzwa kuti ropa rifambe.

Njodzi panguva yekushanda

Kuvhiya kupi zvako kunopa njodzi: kubuda ropa, utachiona, kana kuporeswa zvakanaka.

Post-operative matambudziko

A nephrectomy ibasa rinorema, rinowanzoteverwa nematambudziko. Tinocherechedza pakati pevamwe:

• Kubuda ropa
• Urinary fistulas
• Mavanga matsvuku

Chero zvazvingava, kurukura nezvazvo usati uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa neurologist yako.

Mushure mekuvhiya

Mumazuva nemavhiki anotevera, isu tinowanzo kuraira kusanyanya kuita zvemuviri uye kushanda nesimba.

Anti-coagulant kurapwa inotorwa kukurudzira kupora.

Mupiro wemuviri

Ichi ndicho chikonzero "chinozivikanwa" chenephrectomy, kunyanya mutsika dzakakurumbira. Kupa kweitsvo kunogoneka kubva kune mupi mupenyu, kazhinji kubva kumhuri yepedyo kuti agone kuenderana kwekuisirwa. Unogona kurarama neitsvo imwe chete, uchishandisa dialysis yenguva dzose uye kugadzirisa mararamiro ako.

Iyi mipiro dzimwe nguva inoitwa kubva kune vanopa nhengo vakafa nerufu rwehuropi (itsvo saka dzichiri mumamiriro akanaka).

Gomarara, mapundu uye zvirwere zvakakomba zveitsvo

Gomarara reitsvo ndicho chimwe chikonzero chikuru chenephrectomy. Kana mapundu ari maduku, zvinokwanisika kuvabvisa pasina kubvisa itsvo yose (partial nephrectomy). Kune rimwe divi, bundu rinenge rapararira kuitsvo yese rinokonzeresa kubviswa kwayo zvachose.