A neuroma ibundu rinokura mune inodzivirira sheath yetsinga. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa fomu ndeye acoustic neuroma iyo inokanganisa vestibulocochlear nerve, kureva cranial nerve inobatanidzwa mukunzwa uye pfungwa yekuenzanisa. Nepo neuromas ari benign tumors mune mazhinji ezviitiko, mamwe anogona kukonzera matambudziko. Kutsigira kungave kwakakosha.

Tsanangudzo yeneuroma

A neuroma ibundu rinokura mutsinga. Bundu iri rinokura zvakanyanya kubva kumaseru eSchwann aripo mune inodzivirira sheath yakatenderedza tsinga. Ndicho chikonzero nei neuroma inonziwo schwannoma.

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa fomu ndeye acoustic neuroma, inonziwo vestibular schwannoma. Iyi neuroma inokanganisa vestibular nerve, imwe yematavi eVIII cranial nerve inobatanidzwa mukunzwa uye pfungwa yekuenzanisa.

Zvinokonzera neurinome

Kufanana nemamwe marudzi mazhinji emamota, neuromas ine mavambo ayo achiri kusanzwisisa. Nekudaro, zvimwe zviitiko zveacoustic neuroma zvakawanikwa sechiratidzo cherudzi rwechipiri neurofibromatosis, chirwere chinokonzerwa neiyo genetic mutation.

Diagnostic du neuronome

A neuroma inogona kufungidzirwa nekuda kwezvimwe zviratidzo zvekiriniki asi inogonawo kuwanikwa sezvinei panguva yekuongororwa kwechiremba. Bundu iri rinogona kunge riine asymptomatic mune dzimwe nguva, kureva pasina zviratidzo zvinooneka.

Kuongororwa kweacoustic neuroma kunotanga kubva pakunzwa bvunzo dzakadai se:

• audiogram iyo inoitwa mune zvese zviitiko kuitira kuona kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kweiyo acoustic neuroma;
• tympanometry iyo dzimwe nguva inoitwa kuti ione kana ruzha runogona kupfuura nepakati penzeve nepakati;
• bvunzo yeAuditory evoked potentials (AEP), iyo inoyera tsinga dzetsinga dziri muuropi kubva kune zvinonzwika kubva munzeve.

Kusimbisa uye kudzamisa kuongororwa, bvunzo yemagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inozoitwa.

Neuromas mamota asingawanzo. Vanomiririra paavhareji pakati pe5 ne8% yemamota ehuropi. Chiitiko chegore negore chinenge 1 kusvika ku2 kesi pa100 vanhu.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, iyo neuroma haina kugadzirwa uye haina kukonzera chero zviratidzo zvinoonekwa.

Zviratidzo zveacoustic neuroma

Kubudirira kweacoustic neuroma kunogona kuzviratidza nezviratidzo zvakati wandei:

• kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunofambira mberi muzviitiko zvakawanda asi dzimwe nguva kunogona kuitika kamwe kamwe;
• tinnitus, iyo ruzha kana kurira munzeve;
• kunzwa kwekumanikidzwa kana kurema munzeve;
• kurwadza nzeve kana nzeve;
• musoro kana musoro;
• kusaenzana uye dzungu.

Ongorora: Acoustic neuroma inowanzo unilateral asi dzimwe nguva inogona kuva maviri.

Ngozi yezvinetso

Neuromas ane benign tumors mune dzakawanda zvezviitiko. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva mapundu aya ane gomarara.

Panyaya yeacoustic neuroma, bundu mukranial nerve VIII inogona kukonzera matambudziko kana ichikura uye kuwedzera muhukuru. Inowanzo kudzvanya mamwe cranial tsinga, izvo zvinogona kukonzera:

• Facial paresis nekudzvinyirirwa kwetsinga yechiso (cranial nerve VII), inova kurasikirwa kwechikamu chehunyanzvi hwemotokari kumeso;
• trigeminal neuralgia nekuda kwe trigeminal compression (cranial nerve V), iyo inoratidzirwa nekurwadziwa kwakanyanya kunobata rutivi rwechiso.

A neuroma haidi hazvo kurapwa, kunyanya kana bundu riri diki, harikure muhukuru, uye harikonzeri zviratidzo. Nekudaro, kugara uchitariswa kwekurapa kuripo kudzikamisa njodzi yematambudziko.

Kune rimwe divi, manejimendi eiyo neuroma inogona kuve yakakosha kana bundu rikakura, rikakura uye rikaunza njodzi yekunetsekana. Nzira mbiri dzekurapa dzinowanzotariswa:

• kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu;
• radiation therapy, iyo inoshandisa mwaranzi kuparadza bundu.

Sarudzo yekurapa inotsamira pane akawanda paramita anosanganisira bundu saizi, zera, mamiriro ehutano uye kuoma kwezviratidzo.

Kwakabva neuromas hakusi pachena. Hapana nhanho yekudzivirira yakasimbiswa kusvika nhasi.