Acute otitis media: tsananguro

Acute otitis media (AOM) chirwere chepakati nzeve chinosanganisira eardrum kana eardrum, kabhonzo kadiki kari pakati pegumbo renzeve nemukati kwenzeve uye ine maossicles.

Iyi mhango inobatanidzwa nemukoto (Eustachian chubhu) kune nasopharynx iri kuseri kwemhanza yemhino (ona mufananidzo uri pazasi). Eustachian chubhu inobatsira kuenzana mhepo yemhepo pakati pemhino, nzeve yepakati uye kunze kwemhepo.

Acute otitis media (AOM) inoratidzwa nekazhinji purulent effusion inowanikwa munzeve.

AOM yakabatana nehutachiona kana hutachiona, hutachiona kana hutachiona hunowanzo kusvibisa nzeve yepakati nekuda kwe rhino-sinusitis kana chipembere-pharyngite nekukwereta eustachian chubhu.

Utachiona kana kuzvimba kwemhino uye sinuses (nasosinus), adenoids yakawedzera inogonawo kukonzera kuvharika kwechubhu eustachian, zvichiita kuti mvura ipinde mueardrum (otitis media). 'pakutanga anozvimba asi anotapukira, nekutapukirwa, kushandura kuita acute otitis media. 

Muchinyakare, AOM inoratidzwa nefivha uye kurwadziwa mune imwe kana nzeve dzese (kazhinji ingori imwe chete) iyo inowanzova yakanyanya, asi kwete nguva dzose.

Zviratidzo zve otitis muvana

Zviratidzo zvinogona kutsausa, kunyanya muvana nevacheche. Funga nezve acute otitis media kana: 

• mwana anowanzobata nzeve yake
• mwana anochema, anotsamwa, ane dambudziko rokurara
• ane kushaya appetite.
• ane zvirwere zvekugaya, zvinorasisa zvakanyanya nemanyoka uye kurutsa
• ane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa (mwana haapinduri kune manzwi akaderera).

Zviratidzo zveacute otitis media kune vanhu vakuru

• marwadzo ekuputika (kuputirwa nekurova kwemoyo) munzeve, iyo inogona kupenya mumusoro.
• kunzwa kwenzeve dzakavharika, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa.
• dzimwe nguva kurira munzeve kana dzungu

Kana iyo eardrum yakaputika, otitis inogona kukonzera kubuda kuburikidza nemugero wenzeve yekuwedzera kana kushoma purulent discharge.

Kuongororwa kweacute otitis media

Chiremba anofanirwa kubvunzurudzwa kuti asimbise kuongororwa kweAOM uye kuti asarudze nezvekukodzera kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Kuongororwa kunoitwa nekutarisa tambo yenzeve, zvakanaka nemaikorosikopu. Ichaita kuti zvikwanise kusiyanisa AOM ne purulent effusion kubva kune congestive otitis, inogumira kune kuzvimba kwe eardrum.

Cherechedza kuti kuongorora uku kunogona kuratidza imwe acute otitis media, myringitis (kureva kuzvimba eardrum), yevhairasi mavambo, zvinorwadza kwazvo izvo zvinoguma nekuvapo kwebubble kazhinji kufukidza anenge -total eardrum., asi izvo zvine chokuita nerango renzeve chete, kureva kuti pashure pokunge waboora furo iri, iro rinowanzoita kuti marwadzo acho anyangarika, dzira renzeve rinoramba rakasimba, pasina kuboora tambo yezeve.

Iko kushanduka kweacute otitis media

Kana yakabatwa zvakanaka, AOM inoporesa mumazuva 8 kusvika ku10, asi nguva dzose inofanirwa kutarisa mamiriro eeardrum mushure mekurapa uye kuve nechokwadi, kunyanya muvana, kuti kunzwa kwakadzoka zvakakwana.

Iko kushanduka kweAOM saka kazhinji kwakashata asi akati wandei matambudziko anogoneka:

Serous kana serum-mucous otitis

Mushure mokuporeswa kwehutachiona, shure kwe eardrum, kwete-purulent asi inoputika, isina-inorwadza effusion inopfuurira, iyo kune rumwe rutivi inokurudzira kudzoka kweAOM.

Kusagadzikana uku kunogona kukonzera kusanzwa kwakanyanya muvana nekuti ndiko kunokonzeresa kunonoka mutauro; saka zvinoda kuongororwa pakupera kwekurapa. An audiogram (kunzwa kuedzwa) zvinogona kudikanwa kana paine kusahadzika. Pasina kuporeswa, munhu anogona kutungamirwa kuti ape zano rekuiswa kwe transtympanic aerator.

Tympanic perforation

Iyo purulent effusion inogona kuita kumanikidza kwakasimba pane isina simba eardrum (muchiitiko ichi marwadzo anonyanya kuoma) uye anokonzera kupera kweyezeve., pamwe nekubuda ropa kwepus izvo zvinowanzodzvinyirira marwadzo.

Mushure mekuporesa, eardrum inowanzovhara yega, asi munguva dzakasiyana-siyana, iyo dzimwe nguva inogona kupedza mwedzi mishomanana.

Zviitiko zvinoshamisa

• la meningitis
• labyrinthite
• mastoiditis, kashoma nhasi
• chronic otitis - kusanganisira cholesteatoma, chimiro chechirwere chisingaperi chine utsinye - chave chisingawanzoitiki. 

Vana, vanobatwa zvakanyanya kupfuura vakuru

Pakazosvika makore matatu, inofungidzirwa kuti inenge 3% yevana inenge yave neAOM imwe chete, uye hafu inenge iine maviri. AOM inonyanya kubata vana, nekuda kwechimiro uye chinzvimbo chechubhu yavo eustachian (yakatetepa uye yakamira zvakanyanya yakachinjika) pamwe nekusakura kwesimba ravo rekudzivirira muviri. Vakomana vari panjodzi zvishoma pane vasikana, nezvikonzero zvatisingazive.

Kutonga kwakakura kwemamwe majekiseni, kunyanya majekiseni ekudzivirira pneumococcus uye neHaemophilus furuwenza, aita kuti zvibvire kudzikisa kuwanda kweacute otitis media uye kunyanya kuwanda kweAOMs kunokonzerwa nehutachiona husingarapike. 

AOM inoitika zvakanyanya mukusashanda zvakanaka kwechubhu eustachian, serum-mucous otitis (mvura inoramba iripo kuseri kwerangu renzeve iri nyore kubatwa nehutachiona), hutachiona hwemhino kana sinuses dzealergic kana dzisiri-alergic mavambo. .

Izvo zvakare zvinowanzoitika panguva yekusagadzikana kwekudzivirira (vana vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana, kushaya chikafu, nezvimwewo) kana anatomical abnormalities yechiso, trisomy 21, cleft palate (kana harelip) semuenzaniso.

Unoita sei hutachiona hwenzeve?

•     Kuenda kukireshi kana kireshi.
•     Kusangana nehutsi hwefodya kana kuwanda kwekusvibiswa.
•     Kudyisa mabhodhoro pane kuyamwisa (ona chikamu chekudzivirira).
•     Kudyisa bhodhoro wakarara pasi.
•     Kuwanzoshandisa pacifier
•     Kusavapo kwekuvhuvhuta chaiko