«kufungisisa: Chaizvoizvo, kufunga zvakanyanya. Muongorori weAmerica mune zvepfungwa, Susan Nolen-Hoeksema akatsanangura uipi uhwu zvakanyanya, uye nzira dzekuhugadzirisa: anorondedzera nezvazvo mubhuku rake rine musoro. Nei vakadzi vachitungamira? Nemhaka yokuti, kutaura idi, kunyanyofunga kunokombamira zvikurukuru kubata vakadzi. Susan Nolen-Hoesksema anotsanangura, kutaura zvazviri, kufunga zvakanyanya se ".katsika kekunyanyisa kudzokorodza imwe nhamba yemafungiro asina kunaka kana manzwiro“. Heano matipi mashoma ekudzivirira kuwira mumaketani ayo ... Kana kugona kutiza mambure ayo!

«Vazhinji vedu dzimwe nguva tinokurirwa nefunganyo, pfungwa kana manzwiro ayo, kunze kwekutonga kwedu, anopedza manzwiro edu uye simba redu.. ” Ndosaka, muaya mashoko apo nyanzvi yokushanda kwendangariro Susan Nolen-Hoeksema anorondedzera kukwana kwokufunga: “d.mafashama ezvinonetsa uye manzwiro asina kunaka anokanganisa hupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva uye kugara zvakanaka".

Vanhu vanoda kuita zvekunyengerera kudaro vanobva vatanga kuronda tsvakiridzo yese, vachifunga kwemaawa… Kushungurudzika kunowedzera chete. Pfungwa dzinoyerera zvichienderana nemafungiro avo, vasingakwanise kuwana mhinduro.

Vakadzi ndivo vanonyanya kubatwa nemhando idzi dzekurumwa zvakanyanya kupfuura varume. Uye ivo vanokwanisa kuzviita pane chero chinhu nezvese, kubva pachitarisiko chavo kana huremu hwavo hwakanyanya kumhuri yavo, basa ravo kana hutano hwavo. “Kunzvenga kufunga, anodaro Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, kwakafanana nokuedza kubuda mujecha rinokurumidza. Kuti uwanezve rusununguko, danho rokutanga nderokusunungura kubata kwemifungo irikukuchidzira.. "

Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzehuropi dzinotsanangura kuti vamwe (kana vamwe) vedu vanonyanya kukurumidza kurumwa kupfuura vamwe. Aya ndiwo matsananguriro akaita nyanzvi yepfungwa yekuAmerica, Richard Davidson, kuburikidza neyaanodaidza kuti "affective neuroscience", nzira dzakawanda dzehuropi kugadzirisa manzwiro. Medical imaging tekinoroji yakaita kuti zvikwanise kuratidza "kuti manzwiro asina kunaka akaita rutivi rworudyi rwechikamu cheuropi, chinonzi prefrontal cortex, kupfuura rutivi rworuboshwe.“. Iyo prefrontal cortex inzvimbo yehuropi inobvumira kudzorwa kwemanzwiro, ndiko kuti hunyanzvi hwekusefa nekuvadzora.

Kusashanda zvakanaka kweprefrontal cortex kungave kuri pamavambo ehurombo hwekudzora manzwiro, izvo zvinogona kuguma nekufunga zvakanyanya, kana kunyange tsika yekuora mwoyo. Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvikamu zviviri zvehuropi zvinogona zvakare kuve nechekuita: iyo amygdala uye hippocampus, inova nzvimbo dzekudzidza nekurangarira mamiriro emanzwiro. Dzimwe nguva vanozopedzisira vadzikira muvanhu vane hunhu hwekuora mwoyo uye kurira. Uye saka, amygdala yakawandisa inogona semuenzaniso kutungamirira ku "kunyanya kunzwa", kutora nyore nyore marudzi ese eruzivo rwakashata.

Susan Nolen-Hoeksema anonyora kuti: “Kuzvisunungura kubva pakufunga zvakanyanya hakusi nyore. Zvinoda kuti utangezve kuzvivimba, uchizvibvisa pamafungiro asina kunaka asingadzoreki. ” Danho rekutanga rakakosha … Pane zvakawanda zvinogadzirisa izvi. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaitwa pakuora mwoyo, kunyanya, zvakatungamirirwa pakati pevamwe neAmerican psychologist Peter Lewinsohn, zvakaratidza kuti "kuporesa, zvakakosha kuputsa denderedzwa rakashata rekufunga zvakanyanya uye kusava nehanya". 

Nzira dzinoverengeka dzinokutendera kuti uzvisunungure kubva pazviri: pakati pavo, iyo yekuzorora. Zvipe kuzvivhiringidza. “Kuburikidza nekudzidza, ndakaona kuti zvinongotora kanguva kekuvhiringidza maminetsi masere kuti udzore manzwiro ako akanaka uye kutyora denderedzwa remifungo yakanyanyisa.", anodaro Susan Nolen-Hoeksema. Nzira dzakasiyana, kubva pakuita basa rekuita zvemuviri, kunyanya izvo zvinoda kunyatsotariswa senge badminton kana kukwira, kune izvo zvemabasa emawoko, kana kunyangwe nekudyara mukuzvipira.

Vamwe vanhu vanotizira kumabasa asina kunaka, akadai se<em>bulimia kana kuti kunwisa doro. Kunyengedza: “Nepo kudya ipapo kunonzwa kurerukirwa, iyo boomerang mhedzisiro inenge yekukurumidza. Isu tinozvipa mhosva nekuda kwekukanda mapaketi emakeke, tinoodzwa mwoyo nekushaya simba kwedu. Zvimwe chetezvo nedoro", Anonyora Susan Nolen-Hoeksema. Ndiani anozopa zano kuvhima mufaro uye kuurarama ...

Nguva dzemafaro, kutsvaga mufaro, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kukunda kusuwa kwakasiyana-siyana, kana kufirwa. Kukwanisa kufara kunokanganisawo mafungiro. Mafungiro akanaka anoderedza mhedzisiro yekusagadzikana kusingaperi pane yedu physiological system. Ongororo inonakidza yakaitwa nenyanzvi dzepfungwa muKentucky inotaridza kuratidza kuti nguva dzemanzwiro akanaka dzinotowedzera nguva yehupenyu: vaongorori ava vakaratidza, mumasisita, kuti avo vaiziva mararamiro akanaka vakararama muavhareji wemakore gumi. !

Tsika yekufungisisa yakajairika: inoda kusvika 40% yevanhu vakabvunzurudzwa naSusan Nolen-Hoeksema vanoti vanotendeukira kumunamato kana kufungisisa kuti vaparadze kuvhiringidzika kwavo uye kufunga zvakanyanya. “Kunyange zvazvo nguva dzedu dzarasikirwa neimwe pfungwa yetsika dzechiKristu, vakawanda vanodavira Musangano Wepamusoro, Mutungamiriri Mukurusa", Inopa zano muAmerican psychologist.

Kufungisisa kwekufungisisa, uko kunosanganisira kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chiripo, pamutsara kana mufananidzo, pamwe nekufungisisa kweclairvoyant, uko kunotsigira kunyatsoziva pfungwa yega yega, mufananidzo, pfungwa, kunzwa kwemuviri nekukurumidza pavanongosvika. nzira yakanaka yekututunura mutoro wemunhu… Tichataura, zvakare, kunyora, kana nyaya yekuzvifarira zvidiki zvezuva nezuva, zvakaita sekuona firimu rekomiki, kufamba munzvimbo inoyevedza, kana kutamba nevana vadiki ...

Mukuwedzera, betsero yomurapi kana kuti yomupi wemazano weroorano akasarudzwa nokuchenjera, pazvinenge zvakakodzera, ingaita kuti zvibvire kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu anoita kuti vanyanye kufunga, zvakadai somumhuri.

Uye kana, pakupedzisira, kutevera muzivi Maurice Bellet, isu zvino taingoda "kutanga nzira itsva yekuve munyika“? Anokwanisa, mukuzvininipisa kwese, "kuva mavambo matsva“? Kunakirwa zveipapo ! Ngatitorei mukana wenguva iripo ...