Paraphrenia inyaya isingawanzo kurongeka paranoid delirium, isina kukanganiswa kwekuziva, uko nyika yehunyengeri inoiswa pamusoro penyika chaiyo. Iri nyore shanduro yeschizophrenia. Paraphrenia inoramba iri shoma yakadzidzwa uye kushoma kwazvo kuongororwa mumakumi emakore achangopfuura. Kana iyo isingabatanidzwe nechirwere chetsinga, kurapa kwemaitiro kunogona kuderedza kunyengedza uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwepfungwa hwezuva nezuva hwemurwere.

Tsanangudzo yeparaphrenia

Paraphrenia inyaya isingawanzo kurongeka paranoid delirium, isina kukanganiswa kwekuziva, uko nyika yehunyengeri inoiswa pamusoro penyika chaiyo. Paraphrenia inosiyaniswa kubva kuschizophrenia nekuva nechiitiko chakaderera uye kunonoka kwechirwere.

Hupenyu hwemurwere hahuna kukanganiswa, haatambure nehurema hwemagariro, nokudaro kudiwa kwakaderera kwekutarisirwa kwevarwere. Zvisinei, izvi hazvifaniri kuderedza chokwadi uye migumisiro yechirwere ichi.

Mhando dzeparaphrenias

Zvinoenderana nechikamu chakagadzwa muna 1913 nachiremba wepfungwa wekuGermany Emil Kraepelin, kune marudzi mana eparaphrenia:

• Systematic paraphrenia ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Delirium isingaperi ipapo uye inobata pfungwa shanu;
• Expansive paraphrenia, apo murwere - kazhinji vakadzi - ane kunyengera kwehukuru, kana rudzi rwekufarisa megalomania;
• Confabulatory paraphrenia, kureva kuvapo kwendangariro dzemanyepo kana ndangariro dzenhema - sekugadzira munhu wenhoroondo asi uchinyatsoona kuti aripo - uku uchichengeta zvisikwa zvekufungidzira zvakabatana pakati pavo. Inotanga kare kupfuura mamwe paraphrenias, pakati pemakore makumi maviri ne20;
• Fantastic paraphrenia inowanzotanga nekushushikana uye kunzwa kuvenga nharaunda yemunhu. Kuvandudzwa kwemazano e-megalomaniacal kunotevera uye kunova, nekufamba kwenguva, kusaenzana uye kuwedzeredza. Iyo delirium ine eccentric uye incoherent structure.

Asi kubva ipapo, havasi vese vanachiremba vepfungwa vanobvumirana neizvi. Uye vakati wandei vavo, saEy, Nodet kana Kleist, vanopa, mukuwedzera kana kugadziridzwa, mamwe marudzi eparaphrenia:

• Melancholic paraphrenia inosvika kune yakajairwa psychosis, pasina zvakadaro kubatanidza paraphrenia nekukanganisika kwekuita zvepfungwa, manzwiro anorwadza kana hunhu hwe melancholic;
• Hypochondriac paraphrenia, kutaura kwacho kunonyanya paranoid. Rudzi urwu rweparaphrenia runowanzo kufambira mberi kune zvisinganzwisisiki uye acoustico-mazwi ekufungidzira kwemuviri, nekukanganiswa kwekushanda kwepakati;
• Kusawirirana kweparaphrenia kunobatanidzwa nekunyengedza kusinganzwisisiki uye kushanduka kweunhu husingagadziriswi;
• Phonemic paraphrenia inosanganisira delirious acoustico-verbal hallucinations.

Kune zvakare mafomu akasanganiswa apo maviri kana anopfuura marudzi eparaphrenias anogarisana.

Zvikonzero zveparaphrenia

Kutsvakurudza kuduku panyaya iyi kwakaitwa mumakore makumi manomwe apfuura, zvichitsigira ruzivo rushoma maererano nezvikonzero zveparaphrenia.

Kunyange zvakadaro, paraphrenia inogona kusanganiswa ne:

• A neurodegenerative disorder;
• Bundu;
• Tsaona yecerebral vascular.

Kuongororwa kweparaphrenia

Paraphrenia, kufanana nematambudziko akawanda ekunyengera, haina kuongororwa. Semuenzaniso, haina kunyorwa muDiagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders (DSM-5) kana muInternational Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).

Nokudaro, kazhinji, vanachiremba vepfungwa vanoziva chirwere ichi se "atypical psychosis", "schizoaffective disorder" kana "delusional disorder" nekuda kwekushayikwa kwechikwata chekuongorora zviri nani.

Vanhu vanobatwa neparaphrenia

Pakati pe2 ne4% vanhu vanozobatwa neparaphrenia, kazhinji vanhu vari pakati pemakore makumi matatu nemakumi mana nemashanu.

Uye chete 10% yevanhu vakaiswa muchipatara nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwepfungwa vangave neparaphrenia.

Zvinhu zvinokurudzira paraphrenia

Zvinhu zvinogona kukurudzira paraphrenia ndezvi:

• Sensory impairment;
• Kusasangana kwevanhu panzvimbo imwe;
• Zviitiko zvinoshungurudza uye zvakakosha, sekusarura, kunyadzisa uye kutyisidzira zviitiko, rufu rwevadiwa kana kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kunowanikwa muhama.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinofungidzirwa, asi zvisina humbowo, zvinofanirwa kutariswa:

• Dzidzo yakaregeredzwa;
• Kusurukirwa kana kusaroora.

Paranoid delusions

Munhu ari kurwara neparaphrenia anopa zvikamu zvekunyepa zvine madingindira anowanzo fungira, gangaidzo, asi anoramba akarongeka maererano nemumwe nemumwe nekuenderana. Murwere anowanzo kubvumirana zvakasimba nemafungiro ake, asi kwete zvakanyanya sezvakaita paranoia.

Hallucinations

Paraphrenia inokonzera kufungidzira. Pazvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvadzo, ipfungwa dzinonzwa: munhu anonzwa manzwi.

Kuvimbika kwehukama hwemunhu kune chokwadi

Hungwaru, mnemonic kana pragmatic faculties - zvedzidzo, nyanzvi, zvemagariro - zvemunhu weparaphrenic anochengetedzwa.

Behavioral and cognitive therapy inoita nekukurumidza pakunyepedzera kwakabatana neparaphrenia. Zvisinei, kushanda uku kunowedzera kuderera nekukura kwechirwere.

Antipsychotics uye mamwe kurapa neuroleptic anoramba asingabatsiri. Nekudaro, ivo vanoita kuti zvikwanise kudzora hallucinatory phenomena.

Iko hakuna kudzivirira kwechokwadi kweparaphrenia, kunze kwekutevera nehana kurapwa kwayo kuitira kuderedza kudzoka zvakare.