Pfungwa yedambudziko mukuyaruka yasvika kure zvekuti vamwe vave kuti kusavapo kwayo kunoratidza kusaenzana kuchauya mukukura.

Izvo zvese zvinotanga nedzidziso yakavambwa naStanley Hall pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX iro risingakwanise kubata pamuviri pekuyaruka pasina ” nzira refu uye inonetsa yekukwira kudenga ” yakanyorwa na” dutu uye kushungurudzika zviitiko "," nguva dzemhirizhonga uye kusava nechokwadi "Kana" maitiro ehunhu, kubva pakusagadzikana uye kusingatarisike kusvika kune akanyanya kurwara uye nekukanganisika. »

Peter Blos anoteverawo, achisimbisa ” makakatanwa asingadzivisiki nemakakatanwa anokonzerwa nokuda kwomuduku rusununguko pavabereki vake ", Pamwe chete nedzimwe nyanzvi dzesainzi yezvemagariro evanhu (Coleman ipapo Keniston) kune avo ruzivo rwekuyaruka rwunotungamira kwaari" kukakavara pakati pevechidiki nevabereki vavo uye pakati pechizvarwa chevayaruki nezvizvarwa zvevanhu vakuru ".

Muna 1936, Debesse yakabudiswa Dambudziko rekutanga kwevechidiki izvo zvinonyatsosimbisa mufananidzo wevechiri kuyaruka, chisimba, bonhora, kusaremekedza uye kushungurudza. Yakasimbiswa ne” dzidziso yokuti zvizvarwa zvevachiri kuyaruka zvinopinda mukurwisana kunoparadza », Mafungiro pamusoro pedambudziko rekuzivikanwa panguva yekuyaruka anobva aiswa zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvechokwadi, pasina hanya nemanzwi anoonekwa kune rimwe divi.

Nekudaro, kubatanidza izwi rekuti "dambudziko", iro rinoreva" kukurumidza kuwedzera kweiyo pathological mamiriro », Kunzira yehupenyu, inogona kuita seisina kunaka, kunyange ine hutsinye. Chiremba wepfungwa Julian Dalmasso anofarira zano renguva yacho ” chisarudzo chinogona kuva nengozi "asi" zvakakomba uye zvinodemba ". 

Muchokwadi, tsvakiridzo yehunyanzvi, iyo yakapa huwandu hukuru hwe data, haitsigire chokwadi chedambudziko mukuyaruka. Kusiyana neizvi, izvi zvinofadza kune kumwe kugadzikana kwepfungwa kwevechiri kuyaruka, iyo inopesana nemufananidzo wevechidiki vakamanikidzwa, vane chisimba uye vasingaremekedzi vakapiwa naHall, Freud nevamwe vakawanda.

Kunetsana kwakakurumbira kunoshanda pakati pemudiki nevabereki hakuite sekwechokwadi zvichienderana nezvidzidzo zvinosimbisa kuti ” chimiro chehukama pakati pezvizvarwa zvevachiri kuyaruka nevakuru chine kuwirirana kwakawanda kupfuura kukakavara, rudo rwakawanda kupfuura kuparadzaniswa uye kuzvipira kwakawanda kupfuura kuramba hupenyu hwemhuri. “. Iko kukundwa kwekuzvimiririra uye kuzivikanwa hakurevi hazvo kubatanidza kuputika uye kuparadzaniswa. Pane kudaro, vanyori vakaita saPetersen, Rutter kana Raja vatanga kuunza pamwechete " kukakavara kwakanyanya nevabereki "," kuororwa kwemhuri nguva dzose "," kusava nesimba kuvabereki panguva yokuyaruka »« maitiro aniso ", kubva" mamiriro ezvinhu ekuora mwoyo kunoramba kuripo "uye" zviratidzo zvakanaka zvekusagadzikana kwepfungwa ".

Mhedzisiro yehurukuro yakanangana nepfungwa yedambudziko yakawanda. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti dzidziso iyi ingadai yakagadzirisa ” yakanyatsofungwa nezvenyanzvi dzemishonga yepfungwa "Uye achabatsira" kusaziva hutsva hutsva hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hwepfungwa huri kuyaruka, nengozi yekusaona zvinhu zvayo zvakanaka; kubata kuyaruka zvishoma chete “. Zvinosuruvarisa, sekunyora kwaWeiner, " kana ngano dzichingobudirira, zvakaoma zvikuru kudzibvisa. "

Mwana ari kuyaruka ari pasi pekushandurwa kwakawanda, kungave kwehupenyu, hwepfungwa kana hunhu:

Mumusikana : kukura kwemazamu, genitalia, bvudzi kukura, kutanga kwekutanga kuenda kumwedzi.

Mukomana : kuchinja kwezwi, kukura kwebvudzi, kukura kwepfupa uye kureba, spermatogenesis.

Muvanhurume vese : kugadziridzwa kwechimiro chemuviri, kuwedzera kwesimba retsandanyama, simba remuviri, kuvandudzwa kwechimiro chemuviri, kugadzirisa chitarisiko chemuviri wekunze, maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekuwedzeredza, kune hutsanana husina chokwadi uye kusagadzikana, kuda kutyora neudiki, zvishuwo zvayo, zvishuvo zvayo, mienzaniso yayo yokuzivikanwa, kushanduka kwakadzama padanho rokuziva uye retsika, kuwanwa kwemifungo yekushanda yakarongeka (rudzi rwekufunga kunokodzera seabstract, hypothetical -deductive, combinatorial and propositional).

Matambudziko eutano hwevachiri kuyaruka

Kuyaruka inguva inofanotungamira vanhu kune zvimwe zvirwere, izvo pano ndezvimwe zvinowanzoitika.

Dysmorphophobia. Zvinechekuita neshanduko dzekuyaruka, vanodudza chirwere chepfungwa chinoratidzwa nekunyanya kubatikana kana kubatikana nekuremara muchitarisiko, kunyangwe kusakwana kudiki kunyangwe kuriko chaiko. Kana chimiro chemuviri chichiita sechisingaenderane naye, wechidiki anowanzoisa pfungwa pazviri uye kuita drama.

Spasmophilia. Inoratidzwa nekukwenya kweganda, zvibvumirano uye kunetseka kufema, zvinonetsa wechidiki zvakanyanya.

Musoro uye kurwadziwa mudumbu. Izvi zvinogona kuoneka mushure mekupokana kana chiitiko chekuora mwoyo.

Kusagadzikana kwekudya uye kurwadziwa shure. Zvinonzi zvinobata chikamu chimwe muzvina chevayaruki kakawanda.

Matambudziko okurara. Vane mutoro murutivi nokuda kwekunzwa kuneta kukuru kwavanoti vanyajambwa vazvo, hosha dzehope dzinoratidzirwa zvikurukuru nechinetso chokukotsira uye pakumuka.

Masprains, kutyoka, dzungu, kuvhunduka, dikita uye kurwadziwa nehuro zvinopedzisa mufananidzo wekare wepwere.