pike mhando

Pike ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye yakapararira mhuka, iyo inozivikanwa pamakondinendi ese ekuchamhembe kwehemisphere. Pike mhando dzakasiyana kwazvo, vamwe vamiririri vanogara mune dzimwe nzvimbo chete, nepo vamwe vachiwanikwa muNorth America neEurasia.

Ndeapi marudzi epike aripo

Muzvisikwa, kune marudzi akawanda epike, mazhinji acho ane huwandu hwakakwana, asi kune marudzi anochengetedzwa nemutemo wenyika dzavanogara. Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye chinozivikanwa ndicho chikara chinowanzoitika, asi vamwe vose vashoma, uye naizvozvo havasi vose vanoziva nezvavo.

Mapikicha ese akabatanidzwa nemamwe maitiro ekunze, pakati peaya:

• snout yakareba;
• torpedo-shaped kana cone-shaped body;
• kuona pamusoro pese pese, iyo chete inosarudzika ichava albino;
• nzvimbo yezvimbi ichaitawo kuti zvikwanise kuziva pike muhove yakabatwa;
• nyama yevanhu, ndiko kuti, kudya hama dzavo zvakare hunhu hwemhando dzese dzechikara ichi;
• mutsara wemazino akapinza akaputirwa mukati anowanikwa chete mupike.

Makwikwi anowanzoitwa kubata pike, asi kwete marudzi ese anobatwa. Mamwe anokura asina kukura zvakanyanya, saka haana hanya nenyaya iyi. MuNorth America, kune mhando yepike ine caviar ine muchetura, uye nyama haina kunyatsonaka uye haina kukosha, ndosaka vanhu vakawanda.

Zvadaro, isu tichagara mune zvakadzama pamusoro pemhando huru yemhando dzose dzinozivikanwa dzepike.

Pike marudzi

Iye zvino zviri pamutemo kune marudzi manomwe emapike, asi imwezve inogara ichikakavadzana. Vanogara mumadziva ane mvura isingayereri, uye pamwe nenzizi huru nediki zhinji dzeNorthern Hemisphere yese yepasi. Zvisikwa zvese zvine hunhu hwakajairika uye misiyano yakawanda, uye isu ticharamba tichidzidzidza.

Kazhinji

Rudzi rwakajairika rwemazino anodya nyama ndeye pike yakajairika. Inowanikwa mune dzinenge dzese dziva dzemvura yakachena muEurope, North America, muAral Sea basin uye muSiberia nzizi nemadziva. Muhurefu, munhu mukuru anogona kusvika mita imwe nehafu, uye uremu dzimwe nguva hunodarika 10 kg, asi paavhareji haina kupfuura 8 kg.

Kune maviri subspecies echikara: uswa uye yakadzika. Muvara wemuviri unogona kunge wakasiyana, zvinoenderana nekugara kwehove. Rudzi urwu runogona kuva neruvara:

• greenish grey;
• bhurawuni;
• grey-yellow.

Muchiitiko ichi, dumbu richagara rakajeka.

Mukudya kunovaka muviri, munhuwo zvake haasarudze, haashore chero chinhu pandima yake. Inogona kunyange kukunda vamwe vedzinza diki pasina kurova kwehana.

Fry kugara mumapoka kwechinguva, vanhu vakuru vanosarudza mararamiro ega. Ivo vanosarudza kumira mumakwenzi uye snags uye kutarisa kune vangangobatwa kubva ipapo.

black pike

Iyi mhuka inonziwo pike ine mitsetse, inogara mumadhamu ekumabvazuva kweNorth America. Zvimiro zvezvipenyu ndezvi:

• saizi diki, mune dyne inosvika chete 60 cm yakakura, asi uremu hunogona kuva 4 kg;
• inosiyana kubva kune yakajairika pike nemitsetse yakasviba pamusoro pemeso;
• mhuno yepike yakasviba ipfupi pane yevamwe vemhuri;
• maitiro ayo echisikigo uye mosaic pamativi, inoita semitsetse kana ma link.

Kudya kuchasiyana zvakare, mhuka inodya inofarira kudya invertebrates uye madiki crustaceans. Pakugara, anosarudza madhamu ane miti yakawanda.

Kukura kwepabonde kwepike yakasviba kunosvika panguva dzakasiyana, kazhinji makore 1-4. Pakuberekesa, hadzi yega yega inoda varume vaviri. Pane imwe nguva, anokandira kubva pa6 kusvika ku8 zviuru mazai.

Amur pike

Zita racho rinotaura pacharo, nzvimbo yekugara uye yakapa zita kumarudzi. Amur inowanikwa mugomba reAmur, uyewo mune mamwe madhamu eSakhalin.

Zvimiro zveAmur pike ndezvi:

• silvery kana goridhe ruvara rwezvikero;
• mavara akasviba pamuviri wepamusoro;
• saizi yakakura kusvika 115 cm;
• huremu hwepamusoro hwakanyoreswa 20 kg.

Vasina ruzivo vanobata anglers vanowanzovhiringidza Amur pike netaimen, chimiro chemuviri wavo uye ruvara zvakafanana.

American pike

Mhuka iyi inosiyana kubva kune congeners nemhuno yakapfupikiswa uye nehukuru hudiki hwevanhu vakuru. Hupenyu hunotarisirwa makore gumi chete, hurefu hwepakati ndeye 10-35 cm nehuremu hunosvika 45-1 kg.

Mhando iyi inonziwo red-finned pike, ine ma subspecies maviri:

• northern redfin;
• Southern herbal.

Inogara kumabvazuva kweNorth America, inonzwa yakasununguka zvikuru mumadhamu ane algae yakakwirira, uye inosarudza madhamu ane mvura isingayerere.

Maskinong

Mhuka yemazino yakagamuchira zita risina kujairika kubva kumaIndia, mumutauro wavo iyi ndiyo nzira iyo "pike yakaipa" inonzwika. Nzvimbo dzayo dzekugara dzakaganhurirwa, dzinogona kuwanikwa muNorth America chete uye kunyangwe zvakadaro kwete kazhinji.

Kusiyana neAmerican pike, iyo maskingong inorarama kweanenge makore makumi matatu, nepo inogona kukura kusvika anenge maviri metres. Huremu hwakarekodhwa huremu hwehove hwakanga hunopfuura 30 kg, asi inobvumirwa kuitora kana uchibata kwete kupfuura 40 kg.

Kwemakore gumi ekutanga, anoshingaira kudya uye anokura kureba, zvino maitiro aya anomira. Predatory maitiro mukudya anoratidza mugore rokutanga rehupenyu. Maskinong ane matatu subspecies, maitiro avo akasiyana kubva kune mumwe.

Yese subspecies ichabatanidzwa nekuvapo kwezvinomwe pfungwa pfungwa pazasi peshaya.

Ndiyo rudzi urwu rwepike kubva kuNorth America continent iyo inoonekwa sehombe; masquenong vanhu vanoonekwa sevakuru pakati pevamiriri vepike.

Chamhembe

Pike yeItaly kana yekumaodzanyemba yakawana "kuzvimirira" kwete kare kare, yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune yakajairika chete muna 2011. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, mumabhuku ose ezvinyorwa uye encyclopedias, yaionekwa seimwe ye subspecies yakawanda.

Nzvimbo yekugara yakabatsira mhuka iyi kuwana zita rechipiri; unogona kuiwana chete mumvura yakachena yeItaly. Kana zvisina kudaro, iyo yekumaodzanyemba inofanana zvachose nepike yakajairika.

Aquitaine

Mumiririri wechidiki wepike, akarondedzerwa semhando yakasiyana chete muna 2014. Chimwe chemhando iyi inzvimbo shoma shoma, inogona kuwanikwa chete mumadziva emvura eFrance.

Parizvino, aya ese akanyoreswa zviri pamutemo marudzi emazino anodya. Masayendisiti achiri kukakavara nezve imwe, vamwe vanotenda kuti hybrid yepike yakajairika uye maskinong inofanira kusarudzwa zvakasiyana. Vamwe vanosimbisa kuti ava vanhu havagoni kuberekana vari voga, uye naizvozvo havagoni kuitwa rudzi rwakaparadzana.

Kusiyana pakati pepike nedzimwe hove

Kurongeka kwepikes kwakatiudza nezvekusiyana kwezvikara. Uye nevamwe vagari vedziva, zvakare, pane musiyano. Pike inosiyaniswa kubva kune dzimwe hove ne:

• mazino anopinza akaputirwa mukati, izvo zvisingasiyi mukana wekuti mhuka dzipukunyuke;
• nzvimbo ye dorsal fin, iri pedyo nemuswe, uye pasi payo zviri nyore kuwana anal fin;
• iyo pectoral fins iri munzvimbo yepedyo yemusoro, iyo pelvic fins iri pakati pemuviri;
• Iwe unogona kuziva pike nezvikero zviduku.

Ndiwo maitiro aya anosiyanisa mazino anogara mugomba kubva kune vamwe vagari varo.

Isu takakwanisa kuwana marudzi ese emapike ari papasi redu uye anozivikanwa kuvanhu. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti ichi chikara icho varedzi vanowanzoda kuona semukombe. Tinovimba kuti ruzivo rwawana rwuchabatsira kuziva mukombe wabatwa.