Mukati
Kana usati wabata chero Pokémon parizvino, zvinowanzoitika nekuti iwe ndiwe Pokémon. Aiwa, pamwe izvi zvakanyanyisa. Pokémon haiwanikwi. Asi hazvibviri zvachose kuramba muedzo wekuziva kuti sei chitandadzo ichi chakabata nyika yese uye nemhedzisiro yaichatungamira. Isu paPsychologies takasarudza kugutsa kuda kuziva kwedu nekutendeukira kune nyanzvi dzedu.
Adam Barkworth anobva kuStockport, UK ane autism. Iye zvino ane gumi nemanomwe, uye kwemakore mashanu apfuura haana kusiya imba uye kashoma akabatana nemhuri patafura yakajairika. Mitsindo isingatarisirwi, kufamba kwechimbi-chimbi, uye kazhinji zvese izvo zvaityora kurongeka kusingachinji kwaakange agadzira mukamuri yake, zvakamutsa kurwiswa kwefunganyo uye kunyange kuvhunduka maari.
Asi mukutanga kwaNyamavhuvhu, Adhamu akatora smartphone ndokuenda kune imwe paki iri pedyo kuti abate Pokemon. Uye ari munzira, akatsinhanisawo mazwi mashomanana (inenge kokutanga muupenyu hwake!) Nemutorwa - musikana akaendawo "kuvhima". Amai vaAdam, Jen, havagoni kuzvidzora vachichema sezvavanotaura nezvazvo: “Mutambo uyu wakandidzorera mwanakomana wangu. Akadzosa Adhamu kuupenyu.”
Nyaya yaAdhamu inoratidzwa paBBC TV, yakafadza nyika yose, uye, zvichida, yakava imwe ziviso yemutambo Pokemon Go. Izvo, zvisinei, zvisingade chero kushambadza: vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni e100 vatoitamba. Kune, hongu, nyaya dzakawanda dzine chiratidzo chakapesana. Mumwe murume wechidiki, afadzwa nekutsvaga Pokemon, akarohwa nemota, mumwe musikana, uyo akaunzwa nemutambo kurwizi rwusina vanhu, akasangana nemurume akanyura… Asi chekutanga ndinoda kunzwisisa kuti mutambo werudzii, unokudzosera kuhupenyu uye unokusundidzira kumucheto werufu.
Hapana chitsva?
Zvinoshamisa kuti, hapana chinhu chitsva muPokemon Go. Hongu, iyo, kusiyana nemimwe mitambo yemakomputa, haikurudzire kupera simba pamberi pecherechedzo, asi kuita basa remuviri: kubata Pokemon, unofanirwa kumhanya mumigwagwa, uye "kuarova" kubva mazai (pane mukana wakadaro) - kukunda makiromita akati wandei. Asi hapana kuvhura apa. "Nintendo, "mubereki" wePokemon, akaburitsa koni yeWii makore gumi apfuura, yakagadzirirwa mitambo inoshanda: mafambiro emutambi ari munzvimbo chaiyo anorongedzerwa nezviitiko zviri pahwindo," anodaro Yerbol Ismailov, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa anodzidza mukurumbira we Pokemon Go.
Zvakaoma kugara kure kana munhu wese waunoziva, ingobatidza komputa yako kana foni, uchirwira kudada nekubudirira kwavo kubata Pokemon.
Semuenzaniso, kutamba tennis paWii, iwe unofanirwa kutsveta iyo joystick kunge racket uye nekutevera mafambiro eanopikisa uye bhora pachiratidziri. "Augmented reality", iyo maererano nemutambo Pokemon Go inoreva kuisa chaiyo Pokemon pakati pezvinhu zvenyama chaiyo, zvakare haina kuonekwa nezuro. Kudzoka muna 2012, Niantic (anotungamira tekinoroji mugadziri wePokemon Go) akaburitsa mutambo Ingress. "Yakatoshandisa musanganiswa wemifananidzo miviri - zvinhu zvinoonekwa uye data kubva pakamera yefoni - kugadzira nzvimbo yemutambo," anodaro nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Natalia Bogacheva, nyanzvi yemitambo yemakomputa. "Panyaya yekufamba-famba muguta, makanika emitambo miviri iyi akada kufanana."
Uye zviri mukati memutambo hazvisi zvitsva zvachose. Computer mitambo uye cartoons featuring «homwe zvikara» (sezvo shoko pokemon anomirira - kubva Chirungu homwe chikara) akasunungurwa kubvira 1996. Asi zvichida ichi ndicho chimwe chezvakavanzika zvekubudirira. “Vanonyanya kutariswa mumutambo uyu vechidiki vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu ekuberekwa. Ndiko, avo chete vakasangana nekutanga wave Pokemon craze makore gumi nemashanu apfuura, - Yerbol Ismailov manotsi, - uye vanonyatsoziva nhoroondo uye zvakasikwa zvePokemon. Muchidimbu, mutambo uyu unokwezva kushuvira kwavo kwehudiki. "
Ngatisakanganwe social mediaiyo nhasi inoshanda senzvimbo yakasikwa yedu senyika chaiyo. Chekutanga, zvakaoma kugara kure kana shamwari dzako dzose, mumwe chete kuvhura komputa kana foni, vachirwira kuzvitutumadza kubudirira kwavo kubata Pokemon. Uye chechipiri, kubudirira kwedu pachedu mumutambo kunowedzera simba redu mumasocial network. Pamusoro pezvo, mapfuti akatorwa nekatuni Pokemon kamera mune yechokwadi nharaunda anotaridzika zvakanyanya kusetsa uye anounganidza akawanda e "anofarira". Zvakakomba, nenzira, kukurudzira.
Chakanakisa Chiitiko
Imwe tsananguro yekuzivikanwa kwemutambo, maererano naNatalia Bogacheva, ndiyo yakawanikwa chiyero chekureruka uye kuoma: “Mutambo uyu haudi kudzidzwa. Chinhu choga chingaite sechakaoma pakutanga "kukanda" mabhora emusungo («Pokeballs»). Asi kune rumwe rutivi, mumatanho anotevera iwe uchafanirwa kugona akawanda manomano uye matipi.
Chiyero chinowanikwa pakati pehunyanzvi hwekukura nemabasa anoda kugadziriswa. Nekuda kweizvi, mutambi anonyudzwa mumamiriro e "kuyerera" - kunyura kwakazara, patinorasikirwa nepfungwa yenguva, kunyungudika mune zvatiri kuita, tichiona manzwiro ekunakidzwa uye kugutsikana.
Pfungwa ye "kuyerera" seruzivo rwakakwana rwepfungwa rwakaunzwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.1, uye vatsvakurudzi vakawanda vakacherechedza kuti chido chekuona nyika iyi zvakare uye zvakare ndeimwe yezvikuru zvinokurudzira kune vateveri vemitambo yemakombiyuta. Yerbol Ismailov anobvumirana neizvi: “Pakubata Pokemon, mutambi anonzwa kukwidziridzwa kwemirangariro, kunenge kufara. Iyi euphoria inowedzerwa nebasa remuviri rinodiwa mumutambo: mutoro unokurudzira kugadzirwa kwe endorphins - iyo hormone yekufara.
Mhinduro imwe yezvikumbiro zvitatu
Saka, pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekufarira kwakawanda nePokemon. Ndiwo anenge ese anoshanda chero mutambo kana zvasvika kuvanhu vakuru. “Iye zvino tava kupedza nguva yakawanda isati yamboonekwa mumitambo tichienzanisa nedzimwe nguva dzekare,” anodaro nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Yevgeny Osin. – Kuzvitsanangura sei? Kana tikarangarira "piramidhi yezvido" yaMaslow, inobva pane zvido zvehupenyu: nzara, nyota ... Zvino izvi zvinodiwa munyika dzakabudirira zviri nyore chaizvo kugutsa, uye zvinodiwa zvepfungwa zviri kuwedzera kukosha. Mutambo uyu unogona kuve mhinduro kuchikumbiro chepfungwa. "
Imwe yedzidziso dzekukurudzira inoratidza zvitatu zvakakosha zvepfungwa, Evgeny Osin anoenderera mberi. “Mudzidziso yokuzvisarudzira, chokutanga chinodiwa kuzvitonga, pakuita sarudzo. Chechipiri chinodiwa kugona, kubudirira mune chimwe chinhu, kuwana chimwe chinhu. Uye chechitatu kudiwa kwekushamwaridzana, mukusangana nevamwe vanhu.
Zvinogona kutora makore ekuzvinatsiridza kuti uve anokwanisa, kuti ubudirire kupfuura vamwe. Mutambo une mavhiki akakwana, kana mazuva
Haasi munhu wese anogona kuita izvi zvinodiwa. Chaizvoizvo, somuenzaniso, hatiiti nguva dzose zvatinoda chaizvoizvo, nokuti tinozviisa pasi pechinodikanwa kana kuti pfungwa yokuita basa. Uye mumutambo, tinogona kugadzira nyika yedu uye kuita mairi sezvatinoda. Zvinogona kutora makore ekuzvinatsiridza kuti uve anokwanisa, kuti ubudirire kupfuura vamwe mune chimwe chinhu. Mutambo une mavhiki akakwana, kana mazuva. "Mutambo wacho wakavakwa nemaune nenzira yekuti kudiwa kwekubudirira kunogara kuchigutsikana: kana mabasa akave akaoma kana akareruka, hazvizove zvinonakidza kutamba," anodaro Evgeny Osin, achitidzorera kune pfungwa. yekuyerera: kuoma kwakadai kwemabasa kuri pamuganho wezvatinogona, asi kwete kunze kwavo - uye kunogadzira mamiriro ekuyerera.
Kuenzana kwemukana
Mumwe munhu anogona kuona kuti mitambo yemavhidhiyo haibatsire pakukurukurirana munzira chero ipi zvayo - uye nekudaro vanoratidza kusarira kwavo. Hungu, mitambo yaiwanzobatanidza kusurukirwa chaiko. Asi ndizvo zvakaitika kare. Nhasi, mitambo yevazhinji yepamhepo haigoneki pasina kutaurirana. Kudzingirira chaiwo vavengi (kana kutiza kubva kwavari), vatambi vanogara vachisangana kuti vagadzire iyo yakakwana zano. Kazhinji kutaurirana uku kunoshanduka kuve kwechokwadi, uye kwete chete hushamwari.
Semuenzaniso, vatambi vava bhizinesi vanoda kuhaya "vashandi biyavo" kubva kuzvikwata zvemitambo2. Mutambo wakabatana unopa mukana wekuongorora kwete chete hunyanzvi hwekutamba, asiwo kuvimbika, mutoro, huchenjeri hwevabatsiri. Pane zvimwe zvakanaka pakuda mitambo. Semuyenzaniso, mutambo unodzima zvirango zvevarume nezera. “Musikana asina kusimba kana kuti mwana ane makore gumi chaizvoizvo haagoni kurwisa varume vakasimba,” anodaro Yerbol Ismailov. "Asi munyika chaiyo vanogona, uye ichi chimwe chinokurudzira kutamba." Natalia Bogacheva anobvumirana neizvi: “Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti mano enzvimbo, akadai sokunangidzirana pamepu kana kuti kutenderera pfungwa kwezvinhu zvine mativi matatu, akakudziridzwa zvikuru muvarume kupfuura muvakadzi. Asi mutambo wacho unovhara kana mabhiriji iwo gaka. "
Vatambi vakave mabhizinesi vanonyanya kuda kuhaya "vanoshanda navo" kubva kuzvikwata zvemitambo
Chekupedzisira, isu tese tinoda kumbozorora kubva kune chokwadi dzimwe nguva. "Ichi chinodiwa ndicho chakasimba, chikuru mutoro wepfungwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva," anodaro Natalia Bogacheva. "Vechidiki vanogara mumamiriro ekusava nechokwadi kwakanyanya (apo zvisingabviri kufanotaura mafambiro ezviitiko kana mhedzisiro yezvisarudzo zvavo) uye mutoro mukuru weruzivo, uye nyika yePokemon iri nyore uye yakajeka, ine maitiro akajeka ekubudirira uye nzira dzokuzviita nadzo, saka kunyura mazviri kunogona kuva nzira yokusunungura nayo pfungwa.” .
Kwete mabhenefiti chete
Zvinoitika kuti isu tine chido chekukurumidzira chemutambo, uye iri mune yakadai sePokemon Go. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakanaka uye zvakaipa izvo nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinoona mukurwiswa kwePokemon?
Nema pluses, zvinhu zvose zvinoratidzika zvakajeka. Mutambo unopindura kune chido chedu chekusarudza, kukwanisa uye kutaurirana. Uyezve, Pokemon Go yakanakira muviri wedu, vazhinji vezvekudya vanokurudzira mutambo uyu senzira inoshanda yekupisa macalorie. Uye chii chakaipira?
Ngozi yekukuvara (izvo, ngativei nechinangwa, chiripo, kunyangwe ukayambuka mugwagwa usina kudzingirira Pokémon). Kupindwa muropa Ngozi (iyo inogonawo kuumbwa maererano nemitambo ipi zvayo, uye kwete kwavari chete). "Kana mutambo ukava mukana kune mumwe munhu, izvo zvinokubvumira kuti udzorere hutano hwepfungwa uye uwane simba rehupenyu, saka izvi zvinotova nemigumisiro yekurapa," anodaro Evgeny Osin. “Asi apo iyi ndiyo nzira bedzi yokugutsa nayo zvinodikanwa, izvo zvinosundira kunze mamwe mativi ose oupenyu, ipapo ikoku, chokwadika, kwakaipa. Ipapo kudhumhana nechokwadi kunowedzera kukonzeresa kuvhiringidzika uye kuora mwoyo. Zvatova kupindwa muropa.
Nekudaro, sezvakataurwa naNatalia Bogacheva, kupindwa muropa nemutambo wekombuta kunoitika chete mu5-7% yevatambi uye kunyangwe zvinoenderana nefungidziro isina tariro haipfuure 10%, uye inowanzoonekwa kune avo vanotanga kuita hunhu hwekupindwa muropa.
Kupindwa muropa nemitambo yemakombuta kunoitika chete mu5-7% yevatambi, uye kazhinji kune avo vanotanga kuita hunhu hwekupindwa muropa.
Chombo chakavanzika chevashandisi?
Asi kune njodzi imwechete yakabatana chete nePokemon Go. Mutambo uyu unodzora zviito zvevanhu vari munyika chaiyo. Uye ndeipi vimbiso yekuti haigone kushandiswa nevanyengeri, toti, kuronga mhirizhonga?
Zvisinei, Natalia Bogacheva anofunga kuti njodzi iyi haina kunyanya kuoma. "Pokemon Go haina njodzi kupfuura gumi nemaviri mamwe mapurogiramu anowanikwa mune yega smartphone," ane chokwadi. - Mutambo uyu haubvumire kushandisa chete-mu-mutambo nzira dzekutumira vanhu vazhinji kune imwe nzvimbo chaiyo pasina kuvazivisa. neimwe nzira. Kana kuparadzira zviredzo kana isingawanzo Pokemon ichabatsira - haigone kuoneka kubva kure, nekuti radius yekuona inopihwa mumutambo ingangoita kiromita kubva panzvimbo iyo mutambi aripo. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzvimbo iyo iwe unogona kubata Pokemon uye kumutsa zvinhu zvemutambo yakakura zvakakwana kuitira kuti (kanenge pakati peMoscow, apo ndakakwanisa "kuvhima" zvishoma) iwe usazviisa pangozi. Mune chimiro chayo chazvino, mutambo uyu haukonzeri njodzi, asi, zvinopesana, unoyambira nezvadzo. "
nzvimbo yemuganhu
Makore mashoma apfuura nyika yakapenga pamusoro peAngry Birds.. Uye ipapo vakapotsa vakanganwa nezvazvo. Zvingangodaro, mugumo wakafanana wakamirira Pokémon. Asi pachine musiyano umwechete unokosha. Pokemon Go inhanho yekubatanidza chokwadi chemuviri uye chaicho. Chii chichava chinotevera, hapana anogona kufanotaura nhasi, asi ivo vachava zvechokwadi. Patova nemahemeti chaiwo anotibvumira kuti tive pakati pekamuri risina chinhu mune chivimbo chakazara kuti isu tiri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa kana mukati-kati mesango. Uye zuva iro midziyo yakadaro ichave yakawanda haisi kure. Pamwe nekusada kuvabvisa kuti vadzokere mumba musina munhu. Uye, pamwe, inguva yekuti vezvepfungwa vafunge nezvazvo nhasi.
1 M. Csikszentmihalyi “Kuyerera. Psychology yeruzivo rwakakwana ”(Alpina isiri-fiction, 2016).
2 J. Beck, M. Wade Sei chizvarwa chevatambi chiri kushandura zvachose nharaunda yebhizinesi” (Pretext, 2008).