Kuchekerera miti yemaapuro yekare

Chirimwa chimwe nechimwe chine hupenyu hwacho. Saka miti yako yemaapuro yasakara, kukohwa kwaderera, maapuro ava madiki. Saka, yave nguva yekuvatsidzira. Nzira chete yekuita izvi ndeyekucheka.

Kuchekerera miti yemapuro kunoitwa nenzira kwayo, kana zvisina kudaro iwe unogona kungoparadza muti. Panguva imwecheteyo, imwe neimwe nyaya ichave ine maitiro ayo, saka iyo nzira inofanira kusvikirwa nekugadzira. Asi pane mitemo inofanira kuteverwa nguva dzose.

Basic pruning mapatani

Nguva yakanakisisa yekuchekerera miti ichirimo, kureva March. Panguva ino, huwandu hukuru hwekudya hunoiswa muhuni, saka muti unotsungirira kuchekerera zvishoma kunorwadza. Mamwe matanho ekuchekerera anogona, uye kunyange anodiwa, anoitwa mumatsutso.

• Kuchekerera kunogara kuchiitwa mumatanho. Kana iwe ukacheka korona yose kamwechete, muti unogona kungorega kurarama.
• Nguva dzose tanga kuchekerera kubva kune chikamu chekorona chakananga kumaodzanyemba.
• Pamiti yemapuro yakareba, nhungirwa dzinopfupikiswa kuti dzideredze urefu hwemuti nechetatu.

  

• Hazvidikanwi kutema matavi anoumba skeleton yemuti, ichi chiyero chakanyanyisa, chinoderedza zvakanyanya muti weapuro.
• Bvisa nhungirwa dzamira kukura. Kuchekwa kwese kunogadzirwa pa45 degree angle.
• Paunenge uchibvisa matavi makuru, unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti pasina kukuvadza kumuti, iwe unogona kubvisa zvisingasviki 2 dzazvo nehupamhi hwemasendimita gumi.
• Mapazi ese akaonda kupfuura penzura, uye akakora nehupamhi hunosvika masendimita mana, anotemwa zvakananga pasi peitsvo. Zvimedu zvinokura zvakanyanya kana ukobvu hwepfuti husingapfuuri 4 cm.

• Cheka nhungirwa, uchivaendesa kudivi rebazi kuitira kuti kukura kwavo kumire.

  

• Izvo zvinodiwa kubvisa zvese mapfundo uye stumps.
• Kuzviisa pasi kunofanirwa kucherechedzwa: matavi ezasi haafanire kunge akakwirira kupfuura epamusoro nhungirwa pakureba, achisara kumashure kwavo mune ichi chiratidzo neanenge chetatu.
• Panguva imwe chete nekuchekerera, midzi yemuti weapuro inovandudzwa.
• Kuchenesa zvidimbu nebanga uye kuzora neparafini-based garden pitch chiitiko chinosungirwa mushure mekucheka. Kana iyo yakatemwa yakakura kudarika masendimita mashanu muhupamhi, yakafukidzwa nefirimu yakasviba yepurasitiki, iyo inogadziriswa. Mukutanga kwaSeptember, iyo firimu inofanira kubviswa.
• Mushure mokuchekerera, chete iyo yakasimba zvikuru inokura kunze inosara kubva pamiti yepamusoro yakaonekwa pamuti weapuro, ichichengetedza kureba kwe50 kusvika ku70 cm pakati pavo. Miti yasara inofanira kubviswa painokura 10 cm kureba. Shoots inobviswa mumwaka wose.

Mumufananidzo, miseve yero inotaridza misoro inotambanudzira kubva pamatavi eskeletal - tsvuku-yellow miseve.

Kana muti wacho waigara uchitarisirwa uye uchipfekedzwa korona, kudzorerazve kuchekerera kuchava nyore nyore. Dzimwe nguva, apo bindu rinosara risina kutarisirwa, miti yemapuro inoregeredzwa zvokuti zvinotora zvishoma makore gumi kuti iuye nayo muchimiro chakanaka.

Tichateerera kurudziro yevarimi vane ruzivo uye kuchekerera miti yemaapuro yekare yakaregeredzwa maererano nemitemo yese.

Chii chinogona kuitwa mukudonha: chirongwa

Kutanga - sanitary pruning:

• Mapazi ane zviratidzo zvechirwere, pamwe chete nevakafa, nekukuvara, anobviswa. Kuchekerera kunoitwa pachindori. Mumatavi emuti wemuapuro, mhete ichikamu chakaunyana chebark pahwaro hwavo chaihwo. Haambochekwa. Iyo yakatemwa inogara ichiitwa zvishoma kumusoro.

  

• Chengetedza korona, iyo, kutanga kwezvose, matavi anorwara uye akamonyoroka anobviswa.
• Mapazi anoumba kona diki nehunde anotemwa.
• Gurai matavi ose akapoteredzwa, pamwe chete neaya anosangana.
• Nyatsotsvedzerera zvidimbu zvese. Vanobatwa negadheni pitch.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kuumbwa kwematsutso emuapuro wekare, tarisa vhidhiyo:

Chii chekuita nemuti wekare weapuro muchirimo: dhayagiramu

Kuumbwa kwechitubu kwemiti yeapuro kunoitwa kusati kwaputika buds. Matavi ari pamusoro peitsvo anopfupiswa, kucheka kunoitwa oblique, rutivi rwepamusoro rwuri pamwero wakafanana neitsvo. Nokuda kwekugadzirwa kwekorona kwakakodzera, matavi epamusoro anofanira kunge ari mapfupi pane ezasi uye epakati.

Panguva imwecheteyo, muchirimo, iyo nhungirwa yakaomeswa nechando inobviswa.

Kureba kwenhungirwa kwasara kunoenderana nesimba rekukura kwemuti:

• mune undersized uye dwarfs, chete kumusoro kwepfuti kunoda kubviswa;
• mumiti yemapuro ine simba repakati, nhungirwa dzakapfupikiswa nechetatu;
• mumiti yemapuro ine simba - hafu.

  

Zvose zvikamu zvinobatwa nenzira imwechete sepakuwa.

Zvese zvinhu zvekuchekerera uye kugadzira miti yemapuro yekare muchirimo pane vhidhiyo:

Zvimiro zvepased rejuvenation

Nhanho yekutanga yekuvandudzwa kwemuti weapuro wekare inotanga kubva kumaodzanyemba kwekorona. Mushure mekucheka, chikamu chakasara chekorona chinofanira kuva nehupamhi husingapfuuri mamita matatu, uye kureba kwematavi hakufaniri kudarika 3 m.

Munguva iyi yekucheka, nzvimbo yekuchamhembe yekorona inoramba isingachinji, uye iyo huru fruiting ichaitika pairi. Mapazi eSkeletal haana kuchekwa pasina kudiwa kwakakosha, asi semi-skeletal matavi eese matavi ebazi anobviswa kana kupfupikiswa zvakanyanya sezvinodiwa mune imwe neimwe nyaya. Mushure memakore anenge 4, chikamu chakanyanyisa chekorona chinotanga kubereka michero. Panguva ino, vanotanga kuvandudza chikamu chekuchamhembe chekorona yemuti, vachichiitisa nenzira imwechete.

Kuchekerera zvakanyanya kwemuti wemuapuro wekare

Nezera, mumiti yeapuro yakareba, fruiting yakanyanyisa pamucheto wekorona. Zvakaoma zvikuru kukohwa kubva pamiti yemapuro yakadaro. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kuedza kuita zvakanyanya kuchekerera muti. Tisati tatanga, tinoita shuwa kuti hunde yemuti iri muchimiro chakanaka, haina kukuvadzwa uye haina makomba kana maronda echirwere. Kuchekerera kunoitwa pamusoro pekupfura kwekukura kuitira kuti isafumura zvachose korona, ichidzikisa kureba kwayo kusvika 2 m. Muti unoumba nhamba huru yemashizha maduku, pane iyo fruiting ichabva yaitika. Zvinokwanisika kuumba muti neimwe nzira, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pasi apa.

Panguva imwecheteyo, matavi makuru emasaga anopfupikiswa zvishoma nezvishoma nehafu uye anotamirwa kune lateral kukura.

Iwe unoda kuibvisa mukuwa kuitira kuti muti ugadzirire chando. Kana iwe ukaita kuchekerera kwakadaro mukuwa, kune mukana wepamusoro wekutonhora kwemashizha.

Kuvandudzwa kwemidzi yemidzi

Inotangwa makore mana mushure mekuvandudzwa kwechikamu chekumaodzanyemba chekorona. Panguva ino, chikamu chekuchamhembe chinodzorerwa. Padivi pakatemwa korona, vanodzokera kubva pahunde yemuti weapuro anenge 4 m, vanochera mugero, 3 cm yakafara uye yakadzika, uye kureba kwayo kunofanirwa kuenderana nechikamu chakachekwa chekorona. Iyo yepamusoro yevhu ine yakadzika yefoshoro bayonet inofanira kupetwa zvakasiyana. Midzi isina chinhu inochekwa nefoshoro inopinza, mihombe inochekwa nesaha yebindu kana kutemwa nedemo.

Mugero wakacherwa unofanira kuzadzwa nemusanganiswa we humus nevhu rakaorera rakaiswa parutivi. Proportions: one to one. Madota ehuni anofanira kuwedzerwa kumusanganiswa, uyewo yakaoma mineral fertilizer. Muchiitiko chekuti ivhu rakawanda rine ivhu, rinosunungurwa nekuwedzera jecha rakakora rakasanganiswa nematombo maduku. Pavhu rakajeka rejecha, musanganiswa we peat nevhu unofanirwa kuwedzerwa kumugero. Kana zvichibvira, wedzera compost, iyo ine yakawanda yevhu.

Kuti ugadzirise kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nemuti nekuchekerera kukuru uye kukurudzira kukura nokukurumidza kwezvitsva zvitsva, inofanira kutarisirwa zvakakodzera.

Kuchengetwa kwemiti mushure mekudzivirira-kuchembera kuchembera

Kana muti wemuapuro wekare wakadzorerwa kuburikidza nekuchekerera, denderedzwa rayo riri pedyo-stem rinoda kuiswa. Kuwanda kwefetereza inoiswa kunoenderana nekuti ivhu rinopihwa sei chikafu. Kana kuchengetedzwa kwakadaro kuri pakati, zvinotevera zvinobhadharwa kune imwe neimwe square mita:

• kubva pa6 kusvika ku8 kg ye organic matter;
• anenge 20 g ye urea;
• kubva pa16 kusvika ku19 g ye potassium chloride;
• 13 g superphosphate.

Kusvika 250 g pa square mita yehuni yehuni ndiyo yakanakisa sosi ye potassium, phosphorus uye trace elements. Fertilize miti yemaapuro zvose mumatsutso uye muchirimo. Kuvhara mafetireza, ivhu rinosunungurwa neforogo kana kucherwa nefoshoro, asi kwete kudzika kupfuura masendimita gumi nemashanu. Mushure mokunge chando chanyunguduka, denderedzwa re trunk rinosunungurwa kuitira kuti unyoro husarasikirwe.

Pamuti unenge makore 30, anenge makumi maviri achadiwa matsime. Vanodhiriwa kusvika pakadzika 20-55 cm. Fetereza inofanirwa kuiswa kumatsime akadaro ari kunyungudika. Huwandu hwefetereza hunoramba hwakafanana nehwekuchera. Kana zvakasarudzwa kuti zvifudze ma grooves, zvino zvakarongwa zvishoma kudarika muganhu wekunze wekorona. Kureba kwekureba ndeye 60 cm, nehupamhi hunenge makumi mashanu. Mushure mekupfekedzwa kwepamusoro, vanofanira kuvharwa nevhu. Gore rinotevera, muti wacho unodyiswa kubva kumativi ose. Kudyisa kwezhizha kwemuti weapuro nemafuta akaoma kunodiwa. Kana muti wacho uchizopa goho guru, foliar top dressing ichave yakakosha. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa mhinduro ye 40% yehuwandu hwe urea: 50 g yefetereza inonatswa mu 1 malita emvura. Inotakura kupfeka kwakadaro pakati pezhizha kuitira kuti muti uise nhamba yakakwana yemaruva emaruva egore rinotevera.

Mazano kune vasina ruzivo rwegadheni

Kuti usiyanise matavi anobereka michero uye usaabvise kana uchichekerera, unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti fruiting inoitika pane zvinotevera zvinomera nhengo:

• ringlets - maitiro asingasviki masendimita mashanu ane mavanga emhete pane cortex uye apical bud;
• mapfumo anosvika 15 cm kureba, ari pakona ye90 madhigirii kune bazi, uye aine kazhinji akagara mabuds uye madiki spikes;
• matavi emichero - matavi akareba zvakakura, anogona kunge akatwasuka kana akakombama.

Iyo yakapfuma mumichero ndeye ringlets.

Kune avo vachangotanga mubindu uye vasina ruzivo rwakakwana zvine chekuita nekuchekerera, matipi anotevera achabatsira:

• Pakuchekerera, vanoshandisa yakakosha gadheni chishandiso: gadheni saw, pole pruners. Zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kuve zvakapinza uye zvisina ngura.
• Hatifanire kukanganwa nezve disinfection yechishandiso, kana zvisina kudaro iwe unogona kukanganisa muti nehutachiona. Inoitwa pamwe neanokosha antiseptic kana doro rekurapa, zviri nani mushure mekucheka kwega kwega, mumatambudziko akanyanya, kuenderera mberi nekuchekerera muti unotevera.
• Rangarira kurapa mapuranga pakarepo mushure mekucheka uye kubvisa kuti asaoma.

Kuchekerera miti yekare yemaapuro inzira yakareba inoda basa rakawanda uye kushanda nesimba, asi ichabatsira kurebesa kushingaira fruiting yemuti kweanenge makore gumi nemashanu.