Psychosis

General tsananguro yechirwere

 

Ichi chirwere, kusagadzikana kwepfungwa uko munhu ane kutyora kwepfungwa yezvazviri. Inogona kuperekedzwa nekuona zvisirizvo, kunyepedzera, zvakanyanya kusanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kudzika uye nekukasira, mamiriro ekushushikana kwakadzika, kushushikana, kana zvinopesana - mufaro usingadzorwe. Mune psychosis, kukanganiswa munzira dzekufunga kunoonekwawo. Maonero akakosha kumamiriro anorwadza emunhu haapo zvachose. Muzvikamu zvepfungwa, munhu anogona kuona, kunzwa chimwe chinhu chisipo, uye achitenda mazviri. Dzimwe nguva, izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kumuita kuti aite zvehasha kune vamwe kana kuzvikuvadza. Iyi dudziro inowanzozivikanwa neschizophrenia. Kunyangwe isina kufanana, kuvapo kwepfungwa, pamwe nezvimwe zviratidzo, ndiyo imwe yetsananguro yechichichiphrenia.[1].

Zvinokonzera psychosis

Vanachiremba uye vesaenzi vachiri kudzidza mubvunzo wekuti nei vanhu vachikura psychosis. Asi zvikonzero zvinoverengeka uye zvinhu zvakatoonekwa izvo, zvakasiyana kana zvakasangana, zvinogona kukanganisa kukura kwechirwere.

  • Genetics. Mageneti mazhinji anogona kukonzera psychosis. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, kuvapo kuri nyore kweichi kana iro geni mumunhu hakusi vimbiso yakakwana yekuti munhu anozoita chirwere ichi.
  • Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa.Chiitiko chinotyisa, chakadai sekufa kwemudiwa, hondo, kana kushungurudzwa pabonde, zvinogona kukonzera chiitiko chepfungwa. Mhando yekukuvara, kukuvara kwainoita, uye zera remunhu, zvinokanganisa kuti chiitiko chinotyisa chinotungamira kuchirwere chepfungwa.
  • Kushandisa zvinodhaka uye doro. LSD, mbanje, amphetamines uye zvimwe zvinodhaka, uye kunwa kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekushanduka kwe psychosis muvanhu vatove nehunhu hwechirwere ichi.
  • Kurwara kwepanyama kana kukuvara.Kushungurudzika kwehuropi kukuvara kana mamota, sitiroko, HIV, uye zvimwe hosha dzehuropi dzakadai sehosha yaPasinson, chirwere cheAlzheimer uye kuora mwoyo zvinogona zvakare kukonzera psychosis.
  • Makore okuyaruka.Vachiri kuyaruka uye vechidiki vane njodzi yakawedzera yekusangana nechikamu chepfungwa nekuda kwekuchinja kwehomoni muhuropi hwavo hunoitika panguva yekuyaruka.

Dzimwe nguva psychosis inokura seyakajeka mamiriro mune mamwe matambudziko: schizophrenia, kushushikana, bipolar kusagadzikana[3]… Isu tinotarisa pane izvi muchikamu chechinyorwa chakapihwa kumhando dzepfungwa.

Zviratidzo zvepfungwa

Psychosis kazhinji haina kukura nekukurumidza. Nekudaro, mumatanho ekutanga, zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvakavanzika. Dzimwe nguva kuratidzwa kwayo hakuna kusiyana nehunhu hwehunhu hunoitika mukuyaruka munguva yekuchinja, uye nekudaro kukura kwechirwere kunonetsa kucherechedza. Semutemo, vanhu vepedyo, nhengo dzemhuri ndivo vekutanga vanogona kuona kutaridzika kwekumwe kutsauka.

 

Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvepfungwa zvinosanganisira:

  • Kuderera kunotyisa mukuita, kuneta;
  • Dambudziko kuisa pfungwa
  • Kufungira kana kunetseka;
  • Kusakendenga kwekutarisira-wega, hutsanana hwemunhu;
  • Kupedza yakawanda nguva pazvinhu zvinozivikanwa, nazvo izvo munhu akamborarama nekukurumidza zvakanyanya;
  • Yakasimba, isina kukodzera manzwiro, kana zvinopesana - kusavapo kwakazara kweizvozvo[2].

Zviratidzo zvechirwere chemberi zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kumunhu. Dzimwe nguva kunyangwe mumwe murwere anogona kusangana nezvakanyorwa zviratidzo panguva imwechete kana kuchinja nguva nenguva. Nekudaro, zvinotevera zviratidzo zvakajairika zve psychosis:

  • Manyepo. Dzidziso dzenhema, dzisina musoro hadzichinje kunyangwe humbowo hwakapihwa uye husina kugoverwa nevamwe vanhu vanobva mutsika imwe chete yetsika.
  • Zvirokwazvo. Munhu anogona kuona, kunzwa, kubata, kuravira kana kunhuwidza chinhu chisipo chaizvo. Iwo akajairika akajairika panguva dze psychosis mazwi, ayo anowanzo kuratidza chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka.
  • Kufunga kwakashata. Pfungwa nekutaura zvinogona kuvhiringidzika kana kudzikira. Iye munhu ane psychosis anogona kuvhiringidza mazwi kana kuashandisa nenzira dzinoshamisa, kuumba mitsva, kushandisa mitsara yakavhenganiswa, kana kushandura chidzidzo kakawanda. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuve nematambudziko ekurangarira.
  • Kusazvibata maitiro. Munhu ane psychosis anogona kushushikana, kuita semwana, kugunun'una kana kutuka, kana kuzvibata mune dzimwe nzira dzeasipo, dzisina kukodzera. Vanogona kufuratira hutsanana hwavo uye mabasa epamba. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, vanogona kurega kupindura nyika yakavapoteredza.[4].

Mhando dzepfungwa

Kupatsanurwa kwema psychoses kwakanyanyisa. Nemavambo uye zvikonzero zvekuonekwa kwavo, vakapatsanurwa mumapoka anotevera:

  • Endogenous - inokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvemukati, zvirwere zvemuviri;
  • Somatogenous - kwakavakirwa somatic chirwere;
  • Psychogenic - kumuka semhedzisiro yezvakaitika zvepfungwa zvinoitika mumuviri;
  • Organic - inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehuropi;
  • Kunwisa - inokura semhedzisiro yekuratidzwa kune dzakasiyana siyana zvine chepfu (narcotic kana zvidhakwa, mishonga, chepfu hwemaindasitiri) nevamwe.

Uye zvakare, psychoses inogona zvakare kuverengerwa zvinoenderana neyekurwara kwakanyanya chiratidzo chechiratidzo. kuora mwoyo, manic, hypochondriacal uye vamwe, kusanganisira zvakare musanganiswa wavo (semuenzaniso, kushungurudzika manic).

Sezvo psychosis inowanzo kuve inosanganisirwa nezvimwe hosha kana mamiriro epfungwa, aya anotevera maronda akarongwa semhando dzepfungwa:

 
  1. 1 schizophrenia - kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kunoonekwa nekufunga kwakashata uye hunhu, izvo zvinowanzo sanganisa kunyepedzera uye kuona zvisipo. Zviratidzo zvepfungwa pamwe nekukosha kwenzanga kana kusagadzikana pabasa zvinoramba zviripo kwemwedzi mitanhatu.
  2. 2 Schizophrenic kusagadzikana: Zviratidzo zvakafanana neschizophrenia asi zvinoramba zviripo kwemwedzi mumwe kusvika kumatanhatu.
  3. 3 Schizoaffective kusagadzikana - inosanganisa zviratidzo zveese schizophrenia uye affective kusagadzikana, nekusajairika kufunga maitiro uye kusagadzikana kwemanzwiro ehurumende.
  4. 4 Dambudziko rekunyongana - rinosanganisira yakasimba, dzidziso dzenhema (fungidziro). Iko kazhinji hakuna huroyi. Pamusoro pesimba rekunyengera, mashandiro emunhu epfungwa anogona kushomeka, uye hunhu hunobva hwanyatso shamisa. Nekudaro, mune mamwe mamiriro, kunyepedzera kunyepa zvekukonzera matambudziko nehupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
  5. 5 Psychoactive psychosis - inozviratidza panguva yekushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro, inogona kutsakatika mushure mekumiswa kwechiito chezvinhu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, psychosis inoramba ichitevera mushure mekutanga chinhu-chinokonzeresa psychosis. Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa sechiitiko chemishonga inosimudzira senge methamphetamine ("tic").
  6. 6 Dementia - kuenderera mberi kwekuora mwoyo, kurasikirwa kwehunyanzvi hwekudzidza kubva mukuziva semhedzisiro yekuora muviri muhuropi, sekushungurudzika musoro, AIDS, postencephalitis, chirwere cheAlzheimer kana bundu repfungwa.
  7. 7 Bipolar disorder - hutano hwepfungwa hunokanganisa manzwiro. Munhu ane bipolar kusagadzikana anochinja pakati peakasiyana mamoods - kushushikana, pamwe nekunakidzwa kwakanyanya, mufaro - mania.
  8. 8 Kunyanya kuora mwoyo - vamwe vanhu vane kushushikana vanewo zviratidzo zvepfungwa, izvo zvinoonekwa panguva dzekupererwa zvakanyanya[3].
  9. 9 Postpartum psychosis - inokura mukati memwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekusununguka. Izvi zvinowanzo kuve chikamu chechirwere chakakomba chemood, shanduko yehomoni.
  10. 10 Deliriamu - zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvinogona kuve chikamu cheyakaomarara kuvhiringidzika mamiriro kunoitika nekuda kwechimwe chirwere chakakomba senge meningitis, sepsis, kana mushure mekubatwa nepfari.
  11. 11 Pfupi psychotic episode - psychotic zviratidzo zvinowoneka kamwe kamwe mukupindura kunozivikanwa uye kunonetsa zvakanyanya chiitiko chehupenyu. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kune vanobatwa nemhirizhonga. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuve zvakakomba asi zvenguva pfupi kubva kune rimwe zuva kusvika kumwedzi mumwe.
  12. 12 Psychosis nekuda kwehutano hwakawanda - psychotic zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika semhedzisiro yemamota ehuropi, pfari uye zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi[5].

Matambudziko epfungwa

Kuve mune yepfungwa psychosis kwenguva yakareba zvakanyanya kunoderedza hunhu hwehupenyu hwevanhu. Nekuda kwekusaziva, kuona zvisipo, kushushikana kana kushushikana kwepfungwa, pfungwa dzekuzvikuvadza iwe kana vamwe, kana kutozviuraya.

Vanhu vane psychosis vanogona zvakare kusangana nekushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro. Vamwe vanoshandisa zvinhu izvi senzira yekurapa kana kukanganisa zviratidzo zvepfungwa. Nekudaro, kushandisa zvisizvo zvinodhaka kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zvepfungwa pamwe nekukonzeresa mamwe matambudziko ehutano.

Kudzivirira kwepfungwa

Maiwe, psychosis haisi kugara ichidzivirirwa. Semuenzaniso, schizophrenia inokonzerwa nemubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvipenyu, zvepfungwa nezvezvakatipoteredza izvo zvatisingakwanise kugara tichiita pazviri. Asi mune zvimwe zviitiko, tinogona kukanganisa kukura kwepfungwa: semuenzaniso, kurega kushandisa zvinodhaka nedoro, izvo zvinotsamwisa kukura kwechirwere. Kana kugovera mutoro wepfungwa kumba uye kubasa kuti usazowana kwakanyanya kushushikana, uye kudzikisira kukanganisa kwekukanganisa kwenzvimbo pane yedu psyche. Uye kana paine mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara kana zviratidzo zvinotyisa, unogona kugara uchienda kuna chiremba wezvepfungwa anozokubatsira kubata nezvikonzero uye kurarama nenguva yakaoma muhupenyu, uchizvidzivirira kubva pakuva chirwere chepfungwa chakakomba.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kuve nerutsigiro rwevadiwa vanogona kucherechedza zviratidzo zvekuyambira, vanokubatsira iwe kuenda kune nyanzvi kuti ubatsirwe.

Kuongororwa kwe psychosis

Kuongororwa kwekutanga kwechirwere kunobatsira kugadzirisa mibairo yenguva refu uye kunopa mamwe marapirwo ekuti arapwe. Nekudaro, dambudziko riripo mukuomerwa kwekutsvaga psychosis pamatanho ekutanga ekukura kwayo. Chirwere ichi chinogona kufambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma kwemwedzi yakati wandei kana kunyangwe makore zvisati zvaonekwa zviratidzo.

Varapi vepfungwa vakagadzira kurudziro yehurongwa hwekuchengetwa kwehutano, zvinoenderana nekuti vanhu vanofanirwa kuongororwa zvakadii kuvepo kwepfungwa, mune iyo:

  • kudzikira mukubudirira kuchikoro kana kubasa;
  • kuratidzwa kwekuparadzaniswa kwevanhu;
  • kuoneka kwekushungurudzika, kushushikana, zvikonzero zvavasingakwanise kutsanangura.

Iko hakuna bvunzo dzehupenyu kana bvunzo yekuongorora psychosis. Rabhoritari tsvagurudzo inogona kuitwa chete kuitira kusabvisa mamwe matambudziko ekurapa anogona kumutsa kutanga kwezviratidzo zvine hunhu hwepfungwa, pamwe nekubvisa kudhakwa kana chepfu nezvinhu zvine chepfu.

Psychosis inonyanya kuongororwa nekiriniki yekutsvaga uye nhoroondo - chiremba anoongorora murwere uye anobvunza nezve zviratidzo zvavo, zvavakaona, pfungwa uye zviitiko zvezuva nezuva. Zvinojekesawo kana paine vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa mumhuri.

Dzimwe nguva dzakapihwa electroencephalography - inorekodha mashandiro emagetsi ehuropi uye inobatsira kutonga zvisiri izvo, kutambudzika kwemusoro kana pfari sezvikonzero zvinoita zvezviratidzo zvepfungwa.[6].

Kurapa kwepfungwa kurapa kwakanyanya

Kurapa kwechirwere ichi mumushonga wepamutemo kunosanganisira anotevera matanho:

  • Kutora antipsychotic zvinodhaka - vanobatsira kubvisa zviratidzo zvepfungwa, asi havagone kurapa kana kubvisa zvachose chinokonzera.
  • Psychological kurapwa - basa rega nere psychotherapist, kubviswa kwemhedzisiro yakaipa yezviitiko zvinotyisa. Mukati meongororo, zvakaverengerwa kuti kuiswa kwenhengo dzemhuri, hama, shamwari dzemurwere kune ino kurapa kwakaunza chiitiko chakanaka uye kwakadzora kudiwa kwekurapwa kwevarwere.
  • Social support - iwo maitiro uye kuiswa kwehukama hwevanhu zvinodiwa, senge dzidzo, basa, nezvimwe.

Mushure mekunge chiitiko che psychosis chaitika, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa zvirinani mushure mekutora mishonga vanofanirwa kuramba vachinwa mishonga sekurairwa nachiremba wavo kweinenge gore. Vanosvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana yevanhu vanofanirwa kutora mishonga kwenguva yakareba kudzivirira zviratidzo kubva mukudzokorora.

Kana zvikamu zvepfungwa zvemunhu zvakakomba uye zvichikonzera kukuvadza kukuru kwavari kana kune avo vakavakomberedza, murwere anogona kubvumidzwa kukiriniki yepfungwa kuti arapwe.[6].

Kudya kune hutano kwe psychosis

Kune akatiwandei ezvikafu zvinokwanisa kurarama nekushushikana uye kugadzirisa manzwiro. Isu tinopa runyorwa rwezvikafu zvinobatsira kutanga kugadzirwa kwemuviri wehomoni yemufaro - Serotonin… Yakagadzirwa neamino acid inonzi tryptophan, iyo yatinowana kubva muchikafu. Nekudaro, iyo synthesis ye tryptophan inogoneswa nezvikafu zvine mavitamini B, C, pamwe neinc uye magnesium. Ivo zvechokwadi vanoda kuverengerwa mukudya.

  • Mazai - ane mavitamini A, D, E, tryptophan, mapuroteni. Zvakanakisisa kuzvidya zvakabikwa.
  • Hove - ine huwandu hwakawanda hwevhitamini D, tryptophan, fatty acids. Inowedzera hutachiona, inobatsira kugadzirisa manzwiro.
  • Tsvuku, orenji miriwo uye michero - manhanga, maranjisi, bhero mhiripiri, karoti, grapefruits, beet - zvese izvi zvekudya zvinobatsira kudzoreredza mamiriro akanaka, uye zvakare zvine bioflavonoids, ayo anobatsira kwazvo mukutenderera kweropa kwakakodzera muuropi.
  • Bhanana ndeimwe yemishonga inoshanda kwazvo yekushushikana. Idya 1 bhanana pazuva, sezvo iine alkaloid harman, iyo yakavakirwa pamescaline, iyo inonzi "chinodhaka chemufaro."
  • Zvinonhuwira - kadhiamamu, nyeredzi anise, nutmeg yakakosha pakurwisa kusagadzikana. Nekudaro, zvinonhuwira zvinogona kunge zvine zvinopesana zvinosanganisirwa nezvimwe, zvemuviri hunhu hwemuviri - iwe zvechokwadi unofanirwa kuzviziva iwe usati washandisa.

Chinyakare mushonga wepfungwa

  1. 1 Lemon balm muto mushonga unonaka uye unobatsira pakurwisa psychosis. Dururirai mashupuni akati wandei akaoma emonamu bharisamashizha ane 500 ml yemvura irikufashaira, ngaiibike mugaba rakavharwa kwemaawa maviri, svinura uye unwe vhoriyamu iyi mumadhi matatu pazuva.
  2. 2 Valerian infusion - yakaoma midzi inofanirwa kusimbirirwa mumvura yakabikwa husiku hwese, wobva waunza musanganiswa kumota, kunotonhorera, simbisa uye tora kapuni 3 ka1 pazuva. Nenzira, iwe unogona zvakare kugadzirira inozorodza bhati kubva kune valerian mudzi. Kwemarita gumi emvura, shandisa 10 ml yemidzi yakasimba decoction. Zviri nyore kwazvo kuigadzirira - 300 gramu yemidzi yakaoma yakaoma inofanira kudururwa ne litre yemvura uye kubikwa pamoto wakadzika kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Uye zvadaro svinura uye udururire mubhati.
  3. 3 Mahopu emakoni mune echinyakare mushonga anoonekwawo senzira inoshanda yekurwisa psychosis. Kuti uite izvi, 1 tbsp. ma cones anoda kudururwa negirazi remvura irikufashaira, rega iite kweinenge awa, uye wozomesa muto uutore mu 2 tbsp. Katatu pazuva.
  4. 4 Makarotsi kana juzi muto mishonga yakanakisa yekushungurudzika. Iwe unofanirwa kudya 100-200 gramu yemuriwo uyu pazuva, kana kunwa girazi remuto nguva dzose.
  5. 5 Ginseng mudzi kana mashizha akaomeswa anofanirwa kudururwa nemvura inopisa muchiyero che1: 10, chakamisikidzwa kwemaawa akati wandei, ndokuzotorwa 1 tsp. nezuva rimwe chete.
  6. 6 Mumwe mushonga unobatsira kutsungirira kusagadzikana kwekutya ipepermint infusion. Iwe unofanirwa kudira 1 tbsp. mashizha akaomeswa negirazi remvura inovira, wira kwemaminetsi mashanu kusvika mashanu, rega utonhore, svinudza uye unwe makapu 5 kaviri pazuva - mangwanani nemanheru.
  7. Uswa hunogona kuva hunyoro uye hunyoro hwekuora mwoyo. Kuti uite izvi, dururira 7 tbsp. mapunipuni ehuswa hwakachekwa 3 ml yemvura irikufashaira, ngaibike kwemaawa 500-1, uye wozonwa vhoriyamu iri muzvikamu zvidiki zuva rese[7].

Zvikafu zvine njodzi uye zvinokuvadza zvepfungwa

Iko hakuna kuomarara kwekudya zvinopesana kune vanorwara nepfungwa. Nekudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kusiya zvinwiwa, chikafu chine utachiona hwakasimba hwehurongwa hwekutya. Semuyenzaniso:

  • Kofi - inowedzera chiitiko chehurongwa hwemitsipa.
  • Doro, zvinodhaka - zvinokanganisa mashandiro ehuropi, zvinokonzeresa mufaro wepfungwa uye mota, zvinowedzera zviratidzo zve psychosis, uye zvinogona kumutsa kurwisana.
  • Huwandu hwakawanda hwemaswiti, kunyanya chokoreti, seshuga ndiyo imwe system yeanoshanda activator. Huwandu hwayo yekudya hunofanira kudzikiswa, kana kunyangwe zvirinani, zviwitsi kana makeke mune chikafu zvinofanirwa kuchinjirwa nemamwe maswiti anobatsira - semuenzaniso, michero yakaomeswa kana jelly.
 
Kudhindazve zvinhu

Kushandiswa kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho pasina mvumo yedu yakanyorwa kare kunorambidzwa

Mitemo yekuchengetedza

Iwo manejimendi haakonzere chero kuyedza kushandisa chero nzira yekubikisa, kuraira kana chikafu, uye zvakare haivimbise kuti iyo yakatarwa ruzivo ichakubatsira kana kukukuvadza iwe pachako. Iva akangwara uye gara uchitsvaga chiremba akakodzera!

Chenjerera!

Iwo manejimendi haatarisiri chero kuyedza kwekushandisa ruzivo rwunopihwa, uye haivimbise kuti harukuvadze iwe pachezvako. Izvo zvinhu hazvigone kushandiswa kupa mushonga uye kugadzirisa chirwere. Nguva dzose bvunza chiremba wako wezvechiremba!

Chikafu cheimwe hosha:

 
 
 
 

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