Resilience ndiko kugona kuvaka patsva mushure mekushungurudzika. Pane zvinhu zvinokurudzira kusimba. Murapi anogona kubatsira munhu kutanga nzira yekusimba. 

Izwi rekuti resilience rinobva kuLatin resilientia, izwi rinoshandiswa mundima yemetallurgy kuratidza kugona kwechinhu kudzoreredza mamiriro ekutanga mushure mekuvhunduka kana kuramba kuchimanikidza. 

Izwi rekuti resilience ipfungwa yepfungwa inoreva hunyanzvi hwevanhu, mapoka, mhuri kutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu anoparadza kana anokonzeresa: hurwere, kuremara, chiitiko chinoshungurudza ... Kushingirira kugona kubuda mukundi kubva mudambudziko ringave richishungurudza.

Pfungwa iyi yakasimudzwa muma1940 neAmerican psychologists uye yakafarirwa naBoris Cyrulnik, French neuropsychiatrist uye psychoanalyst. Anotsanangura kusimba se "kugona kubudirira zvakadaro, munzvimbo dzinofanirwa kunge dzakaparara".

Pfungwa yekusimba inoshandiswa kune marudzi maviri emamiriro ezvinhu: kune vanhu vanonzi vari panjodzi uye vanokwanisa kukura pasina kukanganisa kwepfungwa uye vanogadzirisa mumagariro evanhu pasinei nehupenyu husina kunaka hwemhuri uye hwemagariro evanhu uye kuvanhu, vakuru kana vana. vana, vari kuzvivaka patsva mushure mekuomerwa kana zviitiko zvinoshungurudza. 

Dr Boris Cyrulnik vakapa tsananguro yechimiro chemunhu akatsiga kubvira 1998.

Munhu akashinga (zvisinei nezera rake) angave ari chidzidzo chinopa zvinotevera maitiro: 

• IQ yakakwirira,
• inokwanisa kuzvimiririra uye inoshanda muhukama hwayo kune zvakatipoteredza,
• ane pfungwa yekukosha kwake,
• kuva neunyanzvi hwakanaka pakati pevanhu uye tsitsi,
• kukwanisa kutarisira uye kuronga,
• uye kuva nekuseka kwakanaka.

Vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwekusimba vari muBoris Cyrulnick-yakafurirwa rukova rwevanhu vakagamuchira rudo rwekutanga muhupenyu uye vaive nerudaviro runogamuchirika kune zvavanoda zvenyama, izvo zvakagadzira mavari imwe nzira yekuramba nhamo. 

Kushanda kwekusimba kunogona kukamurwa kuita matanho maviri:

• 1st nhanho: nguva yekushungurudzika: munhu (mukuru kana mwana) anoramba kusarongeka kwepfungwa nekuisa nzira dzekudzivirira dzinozomubvumira kuti achinje kune chokwadi. 
• 2nd nhanho: nguva yekubatanidzwa kwekuvhunduka uye kugadzirisa. Mushure mekunge kushungurudzika kwaputika, pane kugadziriswa zvishoma nezvishoma kwezvisungo, zvino kuvakwazve kubva mumatambudziko. Zvinopfuura nekudikanwa kwekupa zvinoreva kukuvara kwake. Iko kushanduka kwemaitiro aya kunorerekera pakusimba kana munhu awanazve kugona kwake kwetariro. Anogona kuzove chikamu chechirongwa chehupenyu uye ave nesarudzo dzake.

Antoine Guédeney, chiremba wepfungwa dzevana uye nhengo yeParis Psychoanalysis Institute akanyora mubhuku " hatisi kusimba pachedu, pasina hukama ”. Saka, zvinhu zvinokanganisa zvine basa rakakosha mukusimba. Avo vanogona kuvimba nerudo rweavo vari pedyo navo vane simba mukati mavo rekukunda kushungurudzika. 

Rwendo rwekusimba zvakare haruwanzoitwa wega. Inowanzoitwa kushanda nekupindira kweumwe munhu: mudzidzisi wevana kana vechidiki, mudzidzisi, muchengeti. Boris Cyrulnick anotaura nezve "varindi vekusimba". 

Therapy inogona kuedza kuunza muitiro wakasimba. Chinangwa chebasa rekurapa ndechekushandura kushungurudza kuita mota.