Mukati
Verenga iwe pachako uye udza shamwari yako! Nzira yekuzvidzivirira kubva kune ovarian cancer uye inorapwa sei?
Mu2020, anopfuura zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu zviitiko zvegomarara reovari zvakanyoreswa muRussia. Izvo zvinorema kuzvidzivirira, pamwe nekuzviona mumatanho ekutanga: hapana zvimwe zviratidzo.
Pamwe chete napamberi pezvechiremba-gynecologist we "CM-Clinic" Ivan Valerievich Komar, takafunga kuti ndiani ari panjodzi, nzira yekuderedza mukana wekubata gomarara rezvipembenene uye marapirwo acho kana zvikaitika.
Chii chinonzi ovarian cancer
Sero rega rega mumuviri wemunhu rine hupenyu. Nepo sero richikura, richirarama uye richishanda, rinozadzwa nemarara uye rinounganidza shanduko. Kana paine akawanda kwazvo, sero rinofa. Asi dzimwe nguva chimwe chinhu chinotsemuka, uye pachinzvimbo chekufa, sero risina hutano rinoramba richikamurana. Kana akawandisa aya maseru, uye mamwe masero ekudzivirira muviri asina nguva yekuaparadza, gomarara rinoonekwa.
Gomarara reOvarian rinoitika mukati memazai, mazamu echikadzi ekubereka ayo anoburitsa mazai uye ndiwo manyuko makuru emahomoni echikadzi. Rudzi rwebundu rinoenderana nesero kwayakatangira. Semuenzaniso, epithelial tumors inotanga kubva kune epithelial maseru e fallopian tube. 80% yemamota ese eovarian akangofanana neizvozvo. Asi kwete ese maronda ane yakaipa.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara reovari
Stage XNUMX ovari kenza haiwanzo kukonzera zviratidzo. Uye kunyangwe mumatanho ekupedzisira, izvi zviratidzo hazvina kunyatsojeka.
Kazhinji, zviratidzo ndezvi:
kurwadziwa, kuzvimba, uye kunzwa kwekurema mudumbu;
kusagadzikana uye kurwadziwa munzvimbo yemapapu;
kubuda ropa kwemadzimai kana kubuda zvisina kujairika mushure mekuguma kuenda kumwedzi;
kutsanya kuguta kana kurasikirwa nechido;
kuchinja maitiro echimbuzi: kuita weti kazhinji, kuzvimbirwa.
Kana chimwe chezviratidzo izvi chikaratidzika uye chisingaendi mukati memavhiki maviri, unofanirwa kuona chiremba. Zvingangodaro, ichi hachisi kenza, asi chimwe chinhu, asi pasina kubvunza gynecologist, haugone kuwana kana kurapa.
Mazhinji kanzura anotanga asymptomatic, sezvazviri nekenza yemazai. Zvisinei, kana murwere, semuenzaniso, ane cyst inogona kurwadza, izvi zvinomanikidza murwere kutsvaga kurapwa uye kuona shanduko. Asi kazhinji, hapana zviratidzo. Uye kana zvikaonekwa, ipapo bundu racho rinogona kunge rakatokura muhukuru kana kusanganisira dzimwe nhengo. Naizvozvo, zano rakakosha nderekusamirira zviratidzo uye kugara uchishanyira gynecologist.
Chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu chezviitiko zvegomarara reovari zvinoonekwa mudanho rekutanga kana rechipiri, apo bundu racho rinogumira mumazai. Izvi zvinowanzo kupa fungidziro yakanaka maererano nekurapwa. Hafu yematambudziko inoonekwa padanho rechitatu, apo metastases inowanikwa mudumbu. Uye iyo 20% yasara, wega wega wechishanu murwere ane chirwere checancer ovarian, anoonekwa padanho rechina, apo metastases inopararira mumuviri wese.
Ndiani ari panjodzi
Hazvigoneke kufanotaura kuti ndiani achawana gomarara uye ndiani asingatore. Nekudaro, pane zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinowedzera mukana uyu.
Kuchembera: Ovarian kenza inowanzoitika pakati pemazera e50-60.
Nhaka dzinoshanduka mu BRCA1 uye BRCA2 magene anowedzerawo njodzi yekenza yemazamu. Pakati pevakadzi vane shanduko muBRCA1 nezera ramakumi masere, vanozoita cancer yegomarara, uye neBRCA80 - 2-11%.
Ovarian kana kenza yemazamu mune vepedyo hama.
Hormone kutsiva kurapwa (HRT) mushure mekuguma kuenda kumwedzi. HRT , iyo inodzokera padanho rapfuura nekupera kwekudya zvinodhaka.
Kutanga kwekutanga kuenda kumwedzi uye kunonoka kutanga kwemwedzi.
Kuberekwa kwekutanga mushure memakore makumi matatu nemashanu ekuberekwa kana kusavapo kwevana pazera iri.
Kunyanya kufutisa zvakare njodzi. Zvizhinji zvevakadzi zvechirwere oncological zvinoenderana nesrogen, ndiko kuti, zvinokonzerwa nebasa reestrogens, mahormone echikadzi echikadzi. Izvo zvakavanzika nemazai, pamwe neadrenal gland uye adipose tishu. Kana paine yakawanda yeadipose tishu, ipapo panenge paine yakawanda estrogen, saka mukana wekurwara wakakwira.
Kurapwa kwecancer ovarian
Kurapa kunoenderana padanho rekenza, hutano mamiriro, uye kuti mukadzi ane vana here. Kazhinji kazhinji, varwere vanoenda kuburikidza nekuvhiya kubviswa kwebundu pamwe ne chemotherapy kuuraya maseru akasara. Nechekare padanho rechitatu, metastases, sekutonga, inokura ichipinda mudumbu, uye mune iyi nyaya chiremba anogona kukurudzira imwe yenzira dzekemotherapy - iyo HIPEC nzira.
HIPEC ndeye hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Kurwisa mamota, dumbu remukati rinorapwa neyakaipisa mhinduro yemakemikari ekurapa zvinodhaka, ayo, nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, anoparadza maseru ekenza.
Maitiro acho ane matanho matatu. Chekutanga ndiko kubviswa kwekuvhiya kweanoratidzika malignant neoplasms. Padanho rechipiri, catheters dzinoiswa mukati medumbu mhango, kuburikidza iyo mhinduro yemakemikari mushonga anopisa kusvika 42-43 ° C inopihwa. Iyi tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura 36,6 ° C, saka tembiricha yekudzivirira maseru inoiswawo mudumbu. Chikamu chechitatu ndechekupedzisira. Iyo mhango inoshambidzwa, iyo incision yakaiswa sutured. Maitiro acho anogona kutora anosvika maawa masere.
Kudzivirira gomarara remazai
Iko hakuna yakapusa nzira yekuzvidzivirira kubva kune ovari cancer. Asi sezvo paine zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi, pane izvo zvinoideredza. Zvimwe zviri nyore kutevera, zvimwe zvinoda kuvhiyiwa. Hedzino dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira cancer ovarian.
Kudzivisa zvinhu zvine njodzi: kuve wakanyanya kufuta, kuva nechikafu chisina kuenzana, kana kutora HRT mushure mekuguma kuenda kumwedzi.
Tora zvekudzivirira pamuromo. Vakadzi vakavashandisa kweanopfuura makore mashanu vane hafu yengozi yekenza yeovarian kupfuura vakadzi vasina kumboishandisa. Zvisinei, kutora mishonga yekudzivirira mumuromo hakuwedzeri zvakanyanya mukana wekenza yemazamu. Naizvozvo, ivo havasi kushandiswa chete mukudzivirira cancer.
Ligate iyo fallopian machubhu, bvisa chibereko uye mazai. Kazhinji, nzira iyi inoshandiswa kana mukadzi aine njodzi huru yegomarara uye atove nevana. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, haazokwanisa kubata pamuviri.
Kuyamwisa. iyo yekudyisa kwegore inoderedza mukana wecancer ovarian ne34%.
Shanyira wako gynecologist nguva dzose. Munguva yekuongorora, chiremba anotarisa saizi uye chimiro chemazai uye chibereko, kunyangwe mapundu ekutanga akaoma kuona. Iyo gynecologist inofanirwa kupa transvaginal ultrasound yenhengo dzechiuno kuti dziongororwe. Uye kana mukadzi ari muboka rine njodzi huru, semuenzaniso, ane shanduko mumajini e BRCA (maviri majini BRCA1 uye BRCA2, zita rayo rinoreva "kenza yemazamu geni" muChirungu), saka zvakafanira kuwedzera kupasa bvunzo yeropa kune CA- 125 uye bundu mucherechedzo HE-4. Kuongorora kwakawanda, senge mammography yekenza yemazamu, ichiripo kune kenza yeovari.