The intensive care unit ibasa rekurapa rakasarudzika umo varwere vakanyanya vanoiswa muchipatara kudzamara mabasa avo akakosha asisatyisidzirwe.

Mayuniti akasiyana eiyo intensive care unit anosiyaniswa:

The Continuous Monitoring Unit (ICU)

Inoitirwa kutarisira varwere vari panjodzi yekutadza kwakakosha kunoda kunyatsotariswa. Vanofanira kukwanisa kurarama nekukundikana kana kukaitika uye kugadzirira murwere kuti aende nokukurumidza kunzvimbo yevanorwara zvakanyanya.

The intensive care unit (ICU)

Inopihwa simba rekutarisana nekukundikana kumwe chete kwenguva shoma.

Kudzorerazve

Izvo zvakagadzirirwa kutungamira kwenguva refu kwevarwere vane kukundikana kwakawanda.

Masevhisi ese haawanikwe muzvipatara zvese: izvi zvinonyanya kuitika nekumutsiridza. Kune rimwe divi, zvipatara zvese, zveveruzhinji kana zvakavanzika, zvine maawa makumi maviri nemana anoenderera mberi ekutarisa.

Iyo intensive care unit imwe neimwe ine hunyanzvi hwayo:

• Cardiological;
• Nephrological;
• Kufema;
• Vascular neurological;
• Hematologic;
• Neonatal;
• Pediatrics;
• Kutungamirirwa kwekupisa kwakanyanya;
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Varwere vanogamuchirwa mukuchengetwa kwakanyanya kana rimwe kana mamwe mabasa akakosha akatadza nekuda kwe:

• Chirwere chakanyanya (septic shock);
• Kunyanya kupera mvura mumuviri;
• Kubva pakusawirirana;
• Dambudziko remoyo;
• Muchetura wezvinodhaka;
• Kubva ku polytrauma;
• Of a coma;
• Acute renal kukundikana;
• Kutadza kufema kwakanyanya;
• Kusungwa kwemoyo;
• Kuvhiyiwa kukuru kwakadai sekuvhiya kwemoyo kana kugaya;
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Muchikamu chevanorwara zvakanyanya, mamiriro evarwere uye marapiro anoitwa zvinoda vashandi vane hunyanzvi.

Iyo nyanzvi yevashandi vekurapa pane saiti zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechiitiko:

• Muchikwata chekusimudzira, resuscitators varipo;
• Muchikamu chekuchengetedza zvakanyanya mucardiology (ICU), cardiologists;
• Muchikamu chekutarisa chinoenderera, anesthetists;
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Vanachiremba inyanzvi muanesthesia-intensive care kana mukuchengetedza kwakanyanya uye vanoshanda pamwe chete nenyanzvi dzese dzechipatara: physiotherapists, matekinoroji ekurapa electroradiology, mukoti mune general care (IDE), vamiririri vechipatara ...

Kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa uye kuchengetwa kweawa ye24 kunovimbiswa nerubatsiro rwenhamba huru yevanobatsira varwere uye kuvapo kwekusingaperi kweboka rezvokurapa panzvimbo, kuti vapindure pakarepo kune chero mamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira - maIDE maviri evarwere vashanu vari mukuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya, imwe IDE ye. varwere vana muICU neUSC.

Ese masevhisi ekumutsidzira ane midziyo yekuonesa kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa kwemabasa makuru emuviri uye mamiriro evarwere.

Midziyo yekuongorora inosanganisira:

• electrocardioscopes;
• Vatariri veropa;
• Colorimetric oximeters - infrared cell yakaiswa mupulp yemunwe kuyera chikamu cheoxyhemoglobin muropa;
• Central venous catheters (VVC).

Uye izvo zvinogara zvichiongororwa ndezvizvi:

• Cardiac frequency;
• Kufema mwero ;
• Arterial pressure (systolic, diastolic uye kureva): inogona kupera, nekuda kwecuff inoputika nguva nenguva, kana kuenderera, kuburikidza necatheter yakaiswa muradial kana femoral artery;
• Central venous pressure (PVC);
• Oxygen saturation;
• Tembiricha: inogona kurega - kuyerwa uchishandisa thermometer - kana kuenderera uchishandisa probe;
• Uye vamwe maererano nezvinodiwa: intracranial pressure, kubuda kwemoyo, kudzika kwekurara, nezvimwe.

Iyo data yemurwere wega wega - makamuri ega - inoratidzwa munguva chaiyo mukamuri yega yega uye yakafanana pachiratidziro chiri muhoro yepakati yebasa kuitira kuti vashandi vatarise varwere vese panguva imwe chete. Kana imwe yeparameter ikachinja kamwe kamwe, alarm inonzwika inotangwa ipapo ipapo.

Resuscitation inzvimbo yakanyanya hunyanzvi uko kunokwanisika kumisikidza akawanda erubatsiro masisitimu:

• Rubatsiro rwekufema: magirazi eokisijeni, okisijeni mask, tracheal intubation, tracheostomy uye kufema physiotherapy zvikamu;
• Mwoyo uye rubatsiro rwekufema: zvinodhaka zvekudzorera zvakajairwa arterial pressure, kufema kwekubatsira muchina unovandudza oxygen kunhengo, extracorporeal circulatory rubatsiro muchina;
• Renal rubatsiro: inopfuurira kana inopindira dialysis;
• Artificial nutrition: kudya kwemukati nechubhu mudumbu kana parenteral nutrition by infusion;
• Sedation: light sedation - murwere anoziva - ane anesthesia yakawanda - murwere ari mu induced coma;
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Pakupedzisira, hutsanana uye kunyaradza kuchengetwa, kunonzi mukoti, kunopiwa zuva nezuva nevanamukoti, vanamukoti vabatsiri uye physiotherapists.

Masevhisi ekumutsidzira akavhurika kumhuri nevadikani vane huvepo nerutsigiro chikamu chakakosha chekupora. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa, vashandi vezvemagariro evanhu, vamiririri vehurumende uye vamiririri vechitendero varipo kutsigira varwere nemhuri dzavo.

Ongororo yakaitwa neDhipatimendi Rekutsvagisa, Zvidzidzo, Kuongorora uye Statistics (DREES) inofungidzira huwandu hwemibhedha - yevakuru nevana, yeruzhinji uye yakavanzika - muFrance muna 2018:

• Pa5 mukuchengetwa kwakanyanya;
• Kusvika ku5 mune intensive care unit;
• Na 8 mucontinuous monitoring unit.

Ongororo yakaitwa muna Mbudzi 2020 neSociété de Pneumologie de Langue Française (SPLF) uye National Professional Council yePneumology yakaratidza zvese zvekugara kwenguva refu zvimiro, nzvimbo dzekuchengeta varwere, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza kufema zvakanyanya (USIR) uye kuenderera mberi kwepneumological surveillance. USC) munharaunda yenyika:

• IUSIRs, inotsigirwa nemadhipatimendi epneumology, inongowanikwa muCHUs: 104 mibhedha munzvimbo 7;
• Iyo pulmonary USCs inotsigirwa nemadhipatimendi epulmonology: 101 mibhedha, kana 81 USC mibhedha + 20 mibhedha muzvimiro zvinosanganisa USIR neUSC.

Zvakaoma zvikuru kufanotaura fungidziro yevarwere vanogamuchirwa mukuchengetwa kwakanyanya. Iko kushanduka - kuvandudzwa kana kuwedzera - kwehutano hwechipatara chemurwere huchasarudza, pane imwe nyaya-ne-kesi, mikana yake yekupona uye kupora zvakanaka.

Rakadhindwa muna Gumiguru 2020, chidzidzo cheCovid-ICU - Covid-19 hutachiona muIntensive Care Unit, "intensive care unit" - yaisanganisira vana vechiFrench, Belgian neSwitzerland vakuru vane acute breathing distress syndrome yakabatana nehutachiona neSARS-CoV-4. Mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe mushure mekugamuchirwa kwavo kune vanorwara zvakanyanya, kufa kwaive ne244%.