Rhinitis - chii, mhando, zviratidzo, kurapwa

Zvinoenderana nebasa rayo, Iyo Edhiyo Bhodhi yeMedTvoiLokony inoedza neparinogona napo kupa yakavimbika zvekurapa zvemukati zvinotsigirwa neruzivo rwazvino rwesainzi. Mureza wekuwedzera "Zvakatariswa Zvemukati" zvinoratidza kuti chinyorwa chakaongororwa kana kunyorwa zvakananga nachiremba. Iyi nhanho-mbiri yekusimbisa: mutori wenhau wezvekurapa uye chiremba anotitendera kuti tipe zvemhando yepamusoro zvemukati zvinoenderana neruzivo rwekurapa rwazvino.

Kuzvipira kwedu munharaunda iyi kwakaongwa, pakati pevamwe, neSangano reVatori venhau vehutano, iro rakapa iyo Editorial Board yeMedTvoiLokony ine zita rekuremekedza reMudzidzisi Mukuru.

Rhinitis, mhino yakajairika, chirwere chehutachiona. Kuchinja kwechirwere mu mucosa kunowanzovharirwa kumhino, nasal uye oropharynx. Dzimwe nguva rhinitis inoramba ichipararira kune larynx, trachea uye bronchi, uye hutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kubatana nehutachiona hwehutachiona. Zvino zvinosanganisira paranasal sinuses, pharynx, pakati nzeve uye mapapu.

Chii chinonzi rhinitis?

Rhinitis, inonyanya kuzivikanwa semhuno inomhanya, chirwere chetachiona chinoratidzwa nekuchinja kwekuputika mumhino mucosa, nasal uye oropharynx. Rhinitis inogona kuva yakaoma (inotapukira) uye isingaperi: zvino tinotaura nezve allergic kana kwete-allergic rhinitis. Hutachiona hunokonzera acute common rhinitis hunowanzo kuparadzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo. Saka, kudzivirira kweacute rhinitis kunonyanya kutarisana nevanorwara. Nzira yakadaro inonyanya kukurudzirwa munguva dzekuwedzera kwechirwere, izvo zvinowanzoitika mumatsutso uye muchirimo. Rhinitis inowanzoperekedzwa nezviratidzo zvakadai sekuhotsira uye kukwenya muhuro nemhino.

Mhando dze rhinitis

Rhinitis inogona kuva:

1.allergic – inowanzoitika mwaka uye inokonzerwa nezvinosarira mumhepo, semuenzaniso mukume wezvinomera maruva uye mite. Runny mhino inonyangarika mushure mekuputsa kusangana ne-allergen;

2.Nonallergic - inowanzobatanidzwa nekuputika kwemucosa yemhino uye inoratidzwa nekucheka, kusvuta uye kusvibiswa kwemhino;

3. hypertrophic atrophic - inoitika semugumisiro wekuchinja kwemucosa, iyo inova yakaonda nekufamba kwenguva. Mhedzisiro yacho kukanganisa mukugadzirwa kwezvakavandika. Kuoma kwemucosa kunogona kutungamirira pakuumbwa kwezvimedu mumhino;

4. chisingaperi hypertrophic - inoratidzirwa nekuvharwa kwemhino kumativi ose maviri. Runny mhino inoperekedzwa polyps mumhino ari kuzvimba. Kuvhiya kurapwa kunodiwa;

5. chisingaperi atrophic halitosis - kunze kwemhino inomhanya, kune kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi kubva mumuromo;

6. zvirwere zvisingaperi zvevasomotor - inoitika semugumisiro wekushanduka kwekushisa kamwe kamwe kana kupisa kwetsoka kana kumashure.

General zviratidzo zve rhinitis

Zviratidzo zvemhino inomhanya zvinosanganisira kuhotsira, kukwenya muhuro nemhuno, uye kutsvoda; mushure menguva yakati rebei uye kukosora zvinobatana. Chiratidzo chakanyanya, zvisinei, kuvharika kwemhino zvishoma nezvishoma (stuffy mhuno) uye kubuda kwemvura kubva mumhino. Pakutanga, imvura yakareruka uye yakatetepa, gare gare iyo inobuda inova gobvu uye inova yegirini-yero. Herpes dzimwe nguva inoonekwa paganda remiromo. Maronda emunharaunda anoperekedzwa nezviratidzo zvakajairika:

  1. kushaya simba,
  2. Musoro uchirwadza,
  3. low-grade fever.

Acute uncomplicated rhinitis inowanzotora mazuva 5-7.

Mukufamba kweacute rhinitis, murwere anofanira kugara pamba, zviri nani ari ega kudzivirira vamwe vanhu kubva kuhutachiona. Imba yemurwere inofanira kudziya, asi kupisa kunofanira kudziviswa. Mhepo yakanyatsonyoroveswa inobatsira kubvisa mweya wekufema wezvakavanzika zvinooma nyore nyore. Nzira inonyanya kushanda yekunyorovesa ndeye kushandisa humidifier yemagetsi. Zvokudya zvinogayiwa zviri nyore uye kunwa zvinwiwa zvakawanda, semuenzaniso muto wemichero wakanyungudutswa, zvinokurudzirwa.

Acute simple rhinitis

Icho chinongova chikosoro uye chinowanzokonzerwa nemavhairasi efuruwenza, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, uye parainfluenza viruses. Runny mhino inogonawo kuva nebhakitiriya kumashure, inogona kukonzerwa nemabhakitiriya akadai se: Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mhuno ine mvura yakawanda pakutanga, asi inozowedzera kuoma nekufamba kwenguva, izvo zvinoita kuti kufema kunetse. Pamusoro pazvo, murwere anogona kuita chikosoro sezvo pahuro pachiita kusvotwa nekubuda mumhino kana kuti nehutachiona hwepahuro. Varwere zvakare vane zviratidzo muchimiro chekutemwa nemusoro, kutsvuka, kubvaruka uye kuvaviwa kweiyo conjunctiva (hutachiwana conjunctivitis inowanzoitika).

Rhinitis - isiri-allergenic

Non-allergic rhinitis (vasomotor, idiopathic) chirwere chisingaperi chisingadziviriri chine chekuita nekusawirirana. Zvinoitika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemidziyo yeropa mumhino yemhino. Izvi zvinotungamirira mukuzvimba kwemucosa uye kubuda kwakanyanya, iyo inomhanya mhino. Zvikonzero zverudzi urwu rwekatari hazvizivikanwi zvakakwana, nei inowanzonzi idiopathic catarrh. Zvinoitika kakawanda muvakadzi kupfuura varume.

Zvinhu zvinoshungurudza mucosa:

  1. kukurumidza kuchinja mune ambient tembiricha,
  2. kuchinja kamwe kamwe muatmospheric pressure,
  3. mhepo yakaoma,
  4. zvinonhuhwirira,
  5. zvinonhuwira zvinopisa,
  6. zvekuita zvepabonde
  7. kushungurudzika mupfungwa (kushungurudzika);
  8. kutora mimwe mishonga (eg antihypertensive drugs, acetylsalicylic acid, xylometazoline). Kushandiswa kwavo kwenguva refu kunoderedza mucosa yemhino,
  9. maturation uye, nekudaro, hupfumi hwehomoni,
  10. pamuviri (kusangana kwehomoni dzakasiyana-siyana).

Non-allergic rhinitis inogona kuitika mukati megore rose, nenguva dzekuwedzera (kunyanya muchirimo nekudonha). Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira mhino yakakanuka, mhino inoyerera uye kuhotsira.

Pear Runny nose STOP kune vanhu vakuru zvechokwadi ichabatsira mukubvisa mhino.

Kuongororwa kweidiopathic rhinitis

Munguva yekuongororwa, kubvunzurudzwa kwechiremba nemurwere kunokosha zvikuru, kunyanya maererano nehupenyu uye mararamiro emagariro uye mamiriro ezvinhu umo zviratidzo zvekutanga zvakaonekwa. Mukuwedzera, chiremba anoita kuongorora otolaryngological. Anterior rhinoscopy inobvumira kuonekwa kwemhino yemhino uye kuputika kwayo kunogona kuitika kwemucosa. Diagnostics inogona kuratidza kudiwa kwekuongororwa kweallergy uye kuongororwa ropa. Kuongororwa kweidiopathic rhinitis kunoitwa mushure mekubviswa kweacute simple rhinitis uye allergic rhinitis.

Kuporesa sei?

Kurapa kwe-non-allergic rhinitis kunonyanya kubviswa kwezvinhu zvinokonzera zviratidzo. Dzimwe nguva zvakakosha kushandura zvachose hupenyu hwako kusvika ikozvino, kusanganisira basa rako. Kutsigira kushandiswa kunopiwa negungwa remunyu mhinduro nenzira ye spray uye steroid kugadzirira (eg momentazone) uye antihistamines. Vanoderedza zviratidzo.

Rhinitis - allergic

Allergic rhinitis ine zviratidzo zvakafanana kune idiopathic rhinitis. Une mhino inoyerera, mhino yakapfava, mhino inovava uye kuhotsira. Dzimwe nguva panoitawo kuvaviwa kusingatsungiririki kwemaziso. Nekudaro, pane zviratidzo zvakanangana neallergies, senge shanduko yeganda uye edema eyelid. Iwo ndiwo mugumisiro wekusagadzikana kwemaitiro ekudzivirira kwemuviri kune imwe allergen, iyo mumamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana haifaniri kuva nemigumisiro yakadaro. Muviri wemunhu, uchida kurwisa allergen muchimiro che, semuenzaniso, mukume kubva mumiti, unokonzera kuzvimba kwemhino mucosa uye zviratidzo zvekusawirirana.

Diagnostics

Kuti uongorore allergenic rhinitis, kunyatsoongorora kunokosha bvunzurudzo yezvokurapa nemurwere uye tsvakurudzo nenzira ye allergy bvunzo uye otolaryngological kuongororwa. Anterior rhinoscopy inoburitsa mucosa yakachenuruka uye yakazvimba, dzimwe nguva nekubuda mutete. Zvakare, kuongororwa kweallergic (kuongororwa kweganda, kuongororwa kweropa re laboratory) kunobvumira kuziva kuti ndeupi rudzi rwechirwere chakakonzera rhinitis. Kuongororwa kweganda kunosanganisira kuboora kushoma kweganda uyezve kushandisa diki diki reallergen. Kana mhinduro yacho yakanaka - ganda richawedzera uye mapundu achaonekwa. Nekune rumwe rutivi, mukuyedzwa kweropa, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anogadzirwa nemuviri mukupindura kubatwa nechero allergen anogona kunge aripo.

Kurapa kwe allergic rhinitis

Pakutanga, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekudzivirira zvinhu zvinokonzera allergy zviratidzo uye kutora antiallergic kugadzirira. Kazhinji zvinodhaka ndezvemhino, uye pasina mhedzisiro - mumuromo. Aya anonyanya kushandisa antihistamines, eg loratadine, cetirizine, nasal steroids (inongoshanda mushure memazuva mashoma ekushandiswa) uye fexofenadine. Pakutanga, ma decongestants anoshandiswa, eg xylometazoline (kwenguva yakareba yemazuva 5-7!). Neallergic (mwaka) rhinitis, mishonga inoshandiswa nguva nenguva.

Desensitization inoshandiswa kune varwere vane zvirwere zvakakomba. Iyo inoumbwa neiyo transdermal application yekuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma dosi ye allergen, panguva dzakasiyana siyana. Immunotherapy yakanangana nekuita kuti murwere ajaire iyo allergen uye nekudaro kuita kuti isadzidze kuita kune allergy zviratidzo.

Zvinetso zve rhinitis

Chronic rhinitis inogona kukonzera matambudziko nenzira ye:

  1. sinusitis (inokonzerwa nekubuda kwakanyanya);
  2. nasal polyps,
  3. olfactory disorders,
  4. otitis media (inokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwemhepo nekuda kwekuzvimba kwemhino mucosa).

Somugumisiro we rhinitis, kuputika kwe epidermis kunogonawo kuonekwa, iyo inofanira kunge yakasvibiswa neOctenisan md - gel yemhino inonyatsoita moisturize uye kuchenesa atria yemhino.

Kurapa kwe rhinitis

Kazhinji, rubatsiro rwechiremba harudiwi, kunze kwekunge rhinitis inotora nguva yakareba kupfuura mazuva gumi kana apo zviratidzo zvezvinetso zvinotanga: kupisa kwepamusoro, kurwadza kwemasuru, kutemwa nemusoro kumberi kana orbital nzvimbo, kurwadziwa muchipfuva, kuwedzera hoarseness, kukosora, nzeve.

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