Ascaris inonzi roundworm-parasite inogara mudumbu remunhu uye inokonzera kukura kwechirwere chakadai se ascariasis maari. Hupenyu hweparasite hwakaomesesa, kunyangwe zvisingade akawanda mahosi. Gonye rinongogara mumuviri wemunhu.
Pasinei nekuita kwakaoma kwekukura kwegonye kubva muzai rakaiswa, ascariasis inoparadzirwa pasi rose. Sekureva kweWHO, avhareji yehuwandu hwevakatapukirwa iri kusvika bhiriyoni imwe chete. Ascaris mazai haagoni kuwanikwa chete munzvimbo dzepermafrost uye mumagwenga akaoma.
Iyo chirongwa chekuvandudza kweiyo roundworm life cycle ndeiyi inotevera:
Mushure mekusangana, mazai emakondohwe anobudiswa kunze kwekunze pamwe chete netsvina. Pashure penguva yakati, dzinowira muvhu, umo dzinotanga kuibva. Kuti mazai akwanise kupindirwa nevanhu, mamiriro matatu achada kusangana: unyoro hwevhu hwepamusoro (roundworms inosarudza silty, ivhu uye chernozem ivhu), iyo yakanaka aeration uye yakakwirira ambient tembiricha. Muvhu, mazai anochengetedza kugona kwavo kwenguva yakareba. Pane humbowo hwekuti vanogona kuramba vachishanda kwemakore manomwe. Saka, kana mamiriro ose akasangana, ipapo mushure memazuva gumi nemana muvhu, ascaris mazai achave akagadzirira kupinda kwevanhu.
Danho rinotevera rinonzi "larval stage". Ichokwadi ndechokuti pakarepo mushure mekukura, mhute haigoni kutapudza munhu, inoda kupfuura nenzira yekunyungudutsa. Pamberi pekunyunguduka, zai rine gonye rezera rekutanga, uye mushure mekunyunguduka, gonye rezera rechipiri. Kazhinji, mukufamba kwekufamba, makonye anotenderera anoita 4 molts.
Kana mhute inotapukira, yakakomberedzwa nehombodo dzekudzivirira, inopinda mudumbu remunhu, inoda kuibvisa. Kuparara kwegoko rezai kunoitika mu duodenum. Kuti ganda rekudzivirira riparare, huwandu hwakanyanya hwekabhoni dioxide, acidity yezvakatipoteredza pH 7 uye tembiricha ye +37 degrees Celsius ichadikanwa. Kana zvese izvi zvitatu mamiriro akazadzikiswa, ipapo gonye rechidiki rinochochonya kubva muzai. Hukuru hwayo hudiki zvekuti hunopinda nemudumbu mucosa pasina kunetsa uye kupinda muropa.
Mhuka inopinda mumidziyo yemhepo, zvino, nekuyerera kweropa, inoenda kune portal vein, kune atrium yakarurama, kune ventricle yemoyo, uyezve kune capillary network yemapapu. Kusvikira panguva iyo mapere e ascaris anopinda kubva muura kusvika mumapulmonary capillaries, avhareji yemazuva matatu inopfuura. Dzimwe nguva mamwe mapere anogona kuramba ari mumoyo, muchiropa uye mune dzimwe nhengo.
Kubva pamacapillaries emapapu, zvipembenene zvinopinda mualveoli, iyo inoumba mutsara wemapapu. Iko ikoko kune iyo yakanyanya kunaka mamiriro ekuenderera mberi kwavo. Mu alveoli, mapere anogona kugara kwemazuva 8-10. Munguva iyi, vanopinda mune mamwe maviri molts, yekutanga pazuva rechishanu kana rechitanhatu, uye yechipiri pazuva rechigumi.
Kuburikidza nemadziro ealveoli, gonye rinopinda mukati mebronchioles, mubronchi uye mutrachea. Iyo cilia, iyo yakakora yakatevedza trachea, inosimudza makonye kumusoro mudokoriro nekufamba kwayo kupenya. Mukufanana, murwere ane chikosoro reflex, izvo zvinobatsira kukanda kwavo mumuromo mhango. Ikoko, zvipembenene zvinomedzwa zvakare pamwe chete nemate uye zvakare kupinda mudumbu, uye zvakare mumatumbo.
Kubva panguva ino yehupenyu hwehupenyu, kuumbwa kwemunhu mukuru akazara kunotanga. Vanachiremba vanodana chikamu ichi kuti intestinal phase. Makonye anopindazve muura akakurisa zvekusapfuura nepama pores awo. Mukuwedzera, ivo vatova nekufamba kwakakwana kuti vakwanise kugara mairi, vachipikisa fecal mass. Shandura kuva ascaris mukuru mushure memwedzi 2-3. Yakave yakasimbiswa kuti iyo yekutanga clutch yemazai ichaonekwa mumazuva 75-100 mushure mekunge zai rapinda mumuviri wemunhu.
Kuti urume huitike, zvose murume nemukadzi zvinofanira kunge zviri muura. Mushure mokunge mukadzi aita mazai akagadzirirwa, ivo, pamwe chete netsvina, vachabuda, vowira muvhu uye vakamirira nguva yakakwana yekupinda kunotevera. Kana izvi zvikaitika, hupenyu hwehonye hunozvidzokorora.
Sezvo mutemo, zvinoenderana nechirongwa ichi kuti hupenyu hwemaroundworms hunoitika. Nekudaro, atypical kutenderera kwehupenyu hwavo kunotsanangurwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chikamu chemukati hachigari chichitsiva chinotama. Dzimwe nguva makonye anogona kugara muchiropa ofiramo. Mukuwedzera, panguva yekukanganiswa kwakanyanya, nhamba huru yezvipembenene zvinobuda nehutu munzvimbo yekunze. Uye vasati vasvika pakuyaruka, vanofa.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mamwe maAscaris mapere anogona kuvapo mune dzimwe nhengo kwenguva yakareba, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvehutano. Ascariasis yemwoyo, mapapu, uropi uye chiropa ine ngozi zvikuru kwete kune hutano chete, asiwo kuhupenyu hwevanhu. Zvechokwadi, mukufamba kwekufamba, kunyange pasina kugadzikana mumitezo, mhute inokonzera kuonekwa kwekuputika kunopinda uye micronecrosis zones muchiropa nemapapu. Zviri nyore kufungidzira zvichaitika kune nhengo dzinotsigira hupenyu dzemunhu kana honye ikagara mavari.
Parasitization yeascaris mumatumbo inokonzera immunosuppression, iyo inokanganisa nzira yezvimwe zvirwere zvinotapukira. Somugumisiro, munhu anorwara kwenguva refu uye kakawanda.
Gonye guru rinogara mumatumbu kwerinenge gore, rozofa nekukwegura. Nokudaro, kana utachiona husina kuitika mugore, ipapo ascariasis ichazviparadza.