Vabereki nevadzidzisi vane hanya kuti vana vanokurira munharaunda umo zvepabonde zvinogadzirisa zvose: kubudirira, mufaro, pfuma yakanaka. Ndezvipi zvityisidziro zvinokonzeresa kuita zvepabonde kwepakutanga uye vabereki vanofanira kuitei?
Nhasi, vana nevechiri kuyaruka vanogona kuwana nyore nyore mifananidzo yezvinonyadzisira, uye Instagram (sangano rinonyanyisa rakarambidzwa muRussia) rine simba rekugadzirisa rinoita kuti vanhu vakawanda vanzwe vachinyara nemuviri wavo "usina kukwana".
“Kusangana pabonde kwepakutanga kunonyanya kubata vasikana nevasikana vadiki, anodaro murapi wemhuri Catherine McCall. “Mifananidzo yechikadzi inotenderedza musikana inova manyuko evatevedzeri vaanodzidza kuzvibata, kutaurirana nekuvaka hunhu hwake. Kana achiri muduku musikana akadzidza kubata mukadzi sechinhu chinoshuviwa, angave ane matambudziko nekuzviremekedza, kuwedzera kunetseka, kusagadzikana kwekudya uye kupindwa muropa kunogona kukura.
"Ndinotya kutumira mafoto angu, handina kukwana"
Muna 2006, American Psychological Association yakagadzira boka rekushanda kuti riongorore dambudziko rekuita zvepabonde muvana.
Kubva pamigumisiro yebasa rake, nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzakagadzira zvinhu zvina zvinosiyanisa bonde kubva kune hutano maonero ezvepabonde1:
ukoshi hwomunhu hunosarudzwa bedzi nechitarisiko chake nomufambiro;
kukwezva kwekunze kunoratidzwa nekusangana pabonde, uye kusangana pabonde nemufaro uye kubudirira;
munhu anoonekwa sechinhu chepabonde, uye kwete semunhu akazvimiririra ane kodzero yekuzvisarudzira;
zvepabonde sechikonzero chikuru chekubudirira chinoiswa nehasha munhau uye nharaunda yemwana.
Liza ane makore 15 anoti: “Pandinoenda paFacebook (sangano rinopandukira hurumende rakarambidzwa muRussia), chinhu chokutanga chandinoona mapikicha evanhu vandinoziva.. - Pasi pekunyanya kunaka kwavo, vanhu vanosiya mazana evanoda. Ndinotya kutumira mafoto angu nekuti zvinoita sekuti ndinofanira kunge ndiri mutete, ndiine ganda rakanaka uye maitiro enguva dzose. Hongu, ivo vanondipawo zvandinoda, asi zvishoma - uye ipapo ndinotanga kufungidzira izvo avo vakangotarisa uye vaifamba vachifunga. Zvinotyisa!»
Vanokura nekukurumidza
"Hupenyu hunofamba nekukurumidza uye tinombundikira tekinoroji tisati taziva kuti iri kuchinja sei hupenyu hwedu," anotsanangura kudaro Reg Baily, mukuru weMothers Council UK. “Kana mwana akatumira shamwari yake pikicha kana kuti akaigovera pane vanhu, haawanzoziva kuti zvingaguma nei.”
Maererano naye, vabereki vanowanzofarira kufuratira nyaya idzi. Dzimwe nguva tekinoroji pachayo inova nzira yekuenda kure nehurukuro dzisina kunaka. Asi izvi zvinongosimbisa kuparadzaniswa kwevana, zvichivasiya kuti vatarise kutya kwavo uye kunetseka kwavo pachavo. Nei izvi zviri kuitika? Kusagadzikana uku kunobvepi?
Muna 2015, British parenting information portal Netmums yakaita chidzidzo chakawana:
89% yevabereki vadiki vanotenda kuti vana vavo vari kukura nekukurumidza - zvirinani nekukurumidza kupfuura ivo.
“Vabereki vakavhiringidzika, havazivi matauriro avangaita nevana vane zvakaitika zvakasiyana kwazvo nezvavo,” anogumisa kudaro Siobhan Freegard, muvambi weNetmums. Uye vane chikonzero. Maererano nesarudzo, muhafu yevabereki, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mumunhu chitarisiko chakanaka.
firita yechisikigo
Vakuru vanoona tyisidziro yacho, asi hapana chavanogona kuita nezvazvo. Vanotadza kuwana panobva dambudziko nekuti hapana kwarinobva. Pane musanganiswa unoputika wekushambadza, zvigadzirwa zvenhau uye hukama hwevezera. Zvose izvi zvinovhiringidza mwana, zvichimumanikidza kuti agare achishamisika: chii chaunofanira kuita uye kunzwa kuti uve munhu mukuru? Kuzviremekedza kwake kunogara kuchirwiswa kubva kumativi ose. " Kurwiswa uku kunogona kurwiswa here?
Kana mwana akaisa mufananidzo wake kune voruzhinji, haawanzoziva kuti migumisiro yacho ingava ipi
"Kune sefa yechisikigo inosefa ruzivo rwakashata - uku kugadzikana kwepfungwa, Reg Bailey anoti "Vana vanoziva mhedzisiro yezviito zvavo vanogona kuita sarudzo dzakazvimirira." Rimwe boka kubva kuYunivhesiti yePennsylvania (USA) rakaona kuti hazvina kunaka kudzivirira mwana zvakanyanya kubva pane zvingamukuvadza - munyaya iyi, haazogadziri "kudzivirira" kwepanyama.2.
Nzira iri nani, maererano nevanyori, injodzi inodzorwa: regai aongorore nyika, kusanganisira nyika yeInternet, asi mudzidzise kubvunza mibvunzo uye kugovera pfungwa dzake nemanzwiro. “Basa revabereki harisi rokutyisidzira mwana nemifananidzo yenyika “yavanhu vakuru” yakasviba, asi kugoverana zvakaitika kwavari uye kukurukura nyaya dzakaoma pamwe chete.”
1 Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona webhusaiti yeAmerican Psychological Association apa.org/pi/women/programs/girls/report.aspx.
2 P. Wisniewski, nevamwe. "Musangano weACM pamusoro peHuman Factors muComputing Systems", 2016.