Yakarambidzwa muFrance, kushandiswa kwaamai vanoberekera vana, vanonziwo surrogacy, pari zvino kune nharo. Nyaya iyi haisati yambofadza veruzhinji zvakanyanya kubva pamutemo wewanano kune vese. Tinonyatsoziva here chinonzi surrogacy? Tarisa pane amai vakabereka.

Kuti vabatsire vakaroorana vari mumatambudziko, kune munyika dzakawanda (zvakadai seUnited States kana Canada), vakadzi vakagadzirira "kurenda" chibereko chavo kwemwedzi 9 kuti vagare nemwana kunokonzerwa ne in vitro fertilization ye gametes yemwana. vaviri, ivo vari gestational surrogates. Saka vakadzi ava havana genetically link kumwana. Vanogutsikana kutakura kamwana kanenge kachangobva kunambwa kozoti kamwana kanenge kachangobva mukukura vozoripa kuvabereki varo “pakuzvarwa”.

Zvisinei, pane chimwe chiitiko apo kubereka kune chokuita zvakananga nezai raamai vanoberekera mumwe munhu. Saka inopinzwa nembeu yababa uye inobatanidzwa mumwana. Mhosva mbiri idzi dzinotsamira pamitemo iri kushanda munyika dzakasiyana siyana inobvumidza maitiro aya.

Kana maitiro aya achigona kuvhundutsa kana kukonzera kusanzwisisa pakati pevanhu vazhinji veFrance, zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti iyi kazhinji inhanho yekupedzisira mukuita kwenguva refu kune vakaroorana ava vane chido chakasimba chevana uye vachigara mumamiriro ekushaya mbereko kana kusakwanisa. kubereka. Izwi iri rekuti surrogacy nokudaro rinoenderana nenyanzvi yekurapa yekubatsirwa kubereka munyika dzese dzinobvumira.

Maererano nemutemo weFrance, zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushandisa nzira yakadaro (kana yakabhadharwa kana kwete) kuunza mwana munyika. Uyu mutemo wakaomesesa zvakadaro unotungamira mukushungurudzwa uye kushanya kwakakosha kwekubereka munyika dzinobvumidza surrogacy (surrogacy).

Vangave vakaroorana vari kushaya mbereko kana kuti ngochani, vakawanda vari kuenda kunze kwenyika kunobhadhara amai vanoberekerwa. Idzi nzendo nokudaro dzinogona kugumisa mamiriro ezvinhu anoita seasina tariro muFrance. Zvichipesana nemuhoro uye nekufungidzira kwekurapwa kwese, amai vakabereka vanozvipira kubereka mwana wavo asati azvarwa uye kuvapa mukana wekuve vabereki.

Zvakanyanya kushoropodzwa, surrogacy inounza matambudziko akawanda padanho retsika uye kuremekedza muviri wemukadzi, sepadanho remutemo rine chimiro chisati chanyatsojeka maererano nemucheche. Nzira yekuziva sei filiation? Ndeupi rudzi rwekumupa? Mibvunzo yacho yakawanda uye ndiyo nyaya inonetsa zvikuru.

Vana vanoberekwa naamai vokubereka vane chinetso chikuru mukuwana kuzivikanwa muFrance. Maitiro acho akareba uye akaoma uye vabereki vanofanirwa kurwisa kuti vaedze kumisa chaiyo filiation. Zvakatonyanya kuoma, zvinowanzonetsa kuwana zvitupa zvekuzvarwa zvechiFrench uye vazhinji vevana ava, vanozvarwa naamai vekune imwe nyika, havawane chizvarwa cheFrance kana mushure memwedzi mirefu, kunyangwe makore.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya evana ava vasina kucherechedzwa anogona kuvandudzwa mumwedzi iri kuuya sezvo France nehurumende yayo inoratidzika kunge yakatsunga kutora zvinhu mumaoko avo uye kugadzira mutemo padambudziko iri.

Kune avo vanongomutsa kudzoreredzwa kwemuviri wechikadzi uye wevacheche, vakaroorana vakambotora nzira iyi yekuberekesa vanopindura zvakasiyana kuti iri pamusoro pezvese maitiro azere nerudo. Hausi mubvunzo wavo woku“tenga” mwana asi wokumunamba uye kugadzirira kusvika kwake kwemwedzi kana kuti makore. Ivo zvirokwazvo vanofanira kushandisa nguva yakawanda uye mari, asi zvakare kuvhura kune vamwe uye kusangana nemukadzi uyo achava chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwavo hutsva. Vanogona, kana vachida, kuumba zvisungo zvakasimba zvenguva yemberi. Chokwadi, muzviitiko zvakawanda, vabereki, vana uye amai vakabereka vanoramba vachionana uye vachichinjana nguva nenguva mumakore anotevera kuzvarwa.

Kana amai vakaberekera mumwe munhu, pakutanga, mhinduro inofanira kupiwa kune vose vakaroorana vakanyimwa mukana wekuita vana, zvisinei zvinomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda. Chii chekufunga nezve iyi commodification yemuviri wechikadzi? Nzira yekutarisa tsika iyi uye kudzivirira kukukurwa kune njodzi? Chii chinokanganisa mwana uye hupenyu hwake hwemangwana? Mibvunzo mizhinji iyo nzanga yeFrance ichafanirwa kugadzirisa kuitira kuti itore mhedziso uye pakupedzisira kusarudza mafambiro ekuita surrogacy.