Ongororo yemarudzi anopfuura 400 emhuka dzine ropa rinotonhora yakaratidza kuti pamusana pokukwira kweavhareji yetembiricha munyika yose, mhuka dzomugungwa dziri mungozi yokutsakatika kupfuura dzimwe dzadzo dzepanyika.
Magazini inonzi Nature yakabudisa ongororo yakaona kuti mhuka dzomugungwa dziri kunyangarika munzvimbo dzadzo nekaviri nhamba yemhuka dzepanyika nemhaka yenzira shomanana dzokuwana pokuvanda kubva pakudziya kunodziya.
Ongororo iyi, yakatungamirwa nevasainzi vepaRutgers University kuNew Jersey, ndiyo yekutanga kuenzanisa mhedzisiro yekudziya kwegungwa uye tembiricha yepasi pamhando dzese dzemhuka dzine ropa rinotonhora, kubva kuhove nehove kusvika kumadzvinyu nemadragonflies.
Ongororo yapfuura yakatoratidza kuti mhuka dzine ropa rinodziya dzinokwanisa kujairana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pane dzinotonhora-dzine ropa, asi chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza njodzi chaiyo kune zvisikwa zvemugungwa. Sezvo makungwa ari kuramba achitora kupisa kunoburitswa mumhepo nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwecarbon dioxide, mvura inosvika pakupisa kwakanyanya mumakumi emakore - uye vagari vepasi pemvura havagone kuhwanda kubva mukudziya munzvimbo ine mumvuri kana mugomba.
“Mhuka dzomugungwa dzinogara munzvimbo umo tembiricha yagara yakati dzikamei,” anodaro Malin Pinsky, nyanzvi yezvipenyu nemhindumupindu akatungamirira fundo yacho. “Mhuka dzomugungwa dzinoita sedziri kufamba mumugwagwa wakamanikana womugomo une matombo etembiricha kumativi ose.”
Muganho wakamanikana wekuchengeteka
Masayendisiti akaverengera "thermal chengetedzo margins" kune makumi masere nemasere emugungwa uye 88 marudzi epasi, achitarisa kuti ingani kudziya kwavanogona kushivirira. Miganho yekuchengeteka ndiyo yaive yakamanikana paequator kune vanogara munyanza uye pakati-pakati pezvipenyu zvepanyika.
Kune marudzi mazhinji, chiyero chemazuva ano chekudziya chatove chakakosha. Ongororo iyi yakaratidza kuti mwero wekutsakatika nekuda kwekudziya kwemhuka dzemugungwa wakakwira zvakapetwa kaviri pane wemhuka dzepanyika.
“Kukanganisa kwatovepo. Iri harisi dambudziko remangwana,” anodaro Pinsky.
Nzvimbo dzakatetepa dzekuchengetedza dzimwe mhando dzemhuka dzemugungwa dzinopisa dzinosvika 10 degrees Celsius. "Zvinoita sezvizhinji," anodaro Pinsky, "asi zvinotodzima tembiricha isati yadziya nemadhigirii gumi."
Anowedzera kuti kunyange kuwedzera kune mwero kwekushisa kunogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko nekutsvaga, kubereka uye mamwe maitiro anoparadza. Nepo mamwe marudzi achakwanisa kutamira kunzvimbo itsva, mamwe - semakorari negungwa anemones - haagone kufamba uye anongonyangarika.
Wider Impact
"Ichi chidzidzo chakakosha nekuti chine data rakasimba rinotsigira fungidziro yakagara iripo yekuti masisitimu emugungwa ane imwe yepamusoro-soro yekusagadzikana kwekudziya kwemamiriro ekunze," anodaro Sarah Diamond, anoona nezvezvakatipoteredza uye mubatsiri purofesa paCase University Western Reserve. Cleveland, Ohio. . "Izvi zvakakosha nekuti isu tinowanzo kufuratira masisitimu emugungwa."
Pinsky anocherekedza kuti pamusoro pekudzikisa kuburitsa gasi rinopisa rinokonzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kumisa kubata hove, kudzoreredza vanhu vapererwa, uye kudzikisira kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yegungwa kunogona kubatsira kurwisa kurasikirwa kwemarudzi.
“Kuvamba mubatanidzwa wenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzomugungwa dzinoshanda senhanho sezvo mhuka dzinoenda kunzvimbo dzakakwirira,” anowedzera kudaro, “kungadzibetsera kugonana nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze munguva yemberi.”
mhiri kwegungwa
Maererano naAlex Gunderson, mutevedzeri wepurofesa weecology uye evolutionary biology paTulane University muNew Orleans, chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza kukosha kwekuyera kwete kuchinja kwekushisa chete, asiwo kuti zvinokanganisa sei mhuka.
Izvi zvakakoshawo kumarudzi emhuka dzepanyika.
"Mhuka dzepanyika dzine njodzi shoma kupfuura mhuka dzemugungwa chete kana dzikakwanisa kuwana nzvimbo dzinotonhorera, dzine mumvuri kuti dzirege kupenya kwezuva uye kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya," Gunderson anosimbisa.
“Zvabuda muongororo iyi ndeimwezve nyaya yekuti tinoda kuchengetedza masango nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinobatsira mhuka dzesango kuti dzienderane nekudziya kwekushisa.