The thoracic aorta (kubva muchiGiriki aorta, zvinoreva tsinga huru) inofanana nechikamu cheaorta.

nzvimbo. Aorta ndiyo tsinga huru inotungamira kubva pamoyo. Inoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri:

• chikamu chechipfuva, chinotangira kubva pamwoyo uye chichienda muchipfuva, chinoumba thoracic aorta;
• chikamu chedumbu, chinotevera chikamu chekutanga uye chichienda mudumbu, chinoumba abdominal aorta.

mamiriro. Iyo thoracic aorta yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu (1):

• Kukwira thoracic aorta. Inoumba chikamu chekutanga che thoracic aorta.

  mavambo. Iyo inokwira ye thoracic aorta inotangira kuruboshwe rwe ventricle yemoyo.

  Suitt. Inokwira uye ine chitarisiko chakazvimba zvishoma, inonzi bulb of the aorta.

  Kuguma. Inopera pamwero wembabvu yechipiri kuti iwedzere nechikamu chehorizontal chethoracic aorta.

  Peripheral mapazi. Iyo inokwira thoracic aorta inopa kusimuka kumidziyo yemwoyo, inosungirirwa kumoyo. (2)

• Horizontal thoracic aorta. Iyo inonziwo aortic arch kana aortic arch, inzvimbo inobatanidza nzvimbo dzinokwira nekudzika dze thoracic aorta. (2)

  Origin. Iyo arch yeaorta inotevera chikamu chinokwira, pamwero wembabvu yechipiri.

  Nzira. Inokona uye inotambanuka yakatwasuka uye yakatsvuka, kuruboshwe uye kumashure.

  Kuguma. Inopera pamwero we4th thoracic vertebra.

  Peripheral mapazi.

  The aortic arch inopa matavi akati wandei (2) (3):

  Brachiocephalic arterial hunde. Inotanga pakutanga kweaortic arch, inowedzera kumusoro uye zvishoma shure. Yakakamurwa kuita matavi maviri: iyo yekutanga carotid yekurudyi uye yerudyi subclavian, yakanangana neiyo chaiyo sternoclavicular joint.

  Kuruboshwe primary carotid. Inotanga kuseri kweaortic arch uye kuruboshwe rwebrachiocephalic arterial trunk. Inokwira yakananga pasi pehuro. Kuruboshwe subclavian artery. Inotangira kuseri kwekuruboshwe primary carotid artery uye inokwira kunobatana nechepazasi pemutsipa.

  Neubauer's lower thyroid artery. Zvisingawirirani, zvinowanzotanga pakati pebrachio-cephalic arterial trunk uye kuruboshwe primitive carotid artery. Inokwira uye inopera kune thyroid isthmus.

• Kudzika kwe thoracic aorta. Inoumba chikamu chekupedzisira che thoracic aorta.

  Origin. Kudzika kwe thoracic aorta kunotanga pamwero we 4th thoracic vertebra.

  Nzira. Inodzika mukati me mediastinum, nzvimbo yeanatomical iri pakati pemapapu maviri uye inosanganisira nhengo dzakasiyana siyana kusanganisira moyo. Inobva yapfuura nepadiaphragmatic orifice. Inoenderera mberi nerwendo rwayo, ichiswedera kumuganhu wepakati kuti izvimise pamberi pemusana. (1) (2)

  Kuguma. Iyo inodzika thoracic aorta inopera pamwero we12th thoracic vertebra, uye inowedzerwa neabdominal aorta. (1) (2)

  Peripheral mapazis. Vanopa matavi akawanda: matavi e-visceral akagadzirirwa nhengo dze thoracic; matavi eparietal kumadziro echipfuva.

  Bronchial arteries. Vanotanga kubva kumusoro kwethoracic aorta uye vanobatana nebronchi, uye nhamba yavo inosiyana.

  Esophageal arteries. Kubva pa2 kusvika pa4, tsinga dzakanaka idzi dzinosimuka pese pathoracic aorta kuti dzibatane negurokuro.

  Mediastinal arteries. Kuumba arterioles diki, dzinotanga kumberi kwe thoracic aorta isati yabatana ne pleura, pericardium uye ganglia.

  Posterior intercostal arteries. Gumi nembiri munhamba, dzinobva kuchiso cheshure chethoracic aorta uye dzinogoverwa pamwero wenzvimbo dzinoenderana dzeintercostal. (12)

Vascularization. Nekubatsirwa kwematavi ayo akawanda anopa rusvingo rwechipfuva uye nhengo dzemuviri, thoracic aorta inobata basa guru muvascularization yehupenyu.

Wall elasticity. Iyo aorta ine elastic wall iyo inobvumira kuti ienderane kune dzvinyiriro misiyano inomuka panguva yekumisikidzwa kwemoyo uye kuzorora.

Iyo thoracic aortic aneurysm ndeyekuzvarwa kana kuwanikwa. Iyi pathology inoenderana nekuwedzera kweiyo thoracic aorta, inoitika kana madziro eiyo aorta asisina kufanana. Sezvo ichifambira mberi, abdominal aortic aneurysm inogona kutungamirira kune: (4) (5)

• kudzvinyirirwa kwenhengo dzakavakidzana;
• thrombosis, kureva, kuumbwa kwevhavha, mune aneurysm;
• kukura kweaortic dissection;
• dambudziko rekuputika rinoenderana ne "pre-rupture" uye rinokonzera kurwadziwa;
• aneurysm yakaputika inoenderana nekuputika kwemadziro eaorta.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nedanho reaneurysm uye mamiriro emurwere, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa pathoracic aorta.

Kutarisira kurapwa. Kana paine madiki aneurysms, murwere anoiswa pasi pekutariswa nachiremba asi hazvidi hazvo kuvhiyiwa.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuongorora dumbu uye / kana lumbar kurwadziwa kunonzwa.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. Kuti uone kana kusimbisa kuongororwa, abdominal ultrasound inogona kuitwa. Inogona kuwedzerwa ne CT scan, MRI, angiography, kana kunyange artography.

Neubauer's low thyroid artery ine zita rayo kuzana remakore rechi18 German anatomist uye chiremba anovhiya Johann Neubauer. (6)