Meso anobwaira, miromo inoruma, shrugs, tic, kufamba kusingadzoreki uku kunobata vese vakuru nevana. Ndezvipi zvikonzero? Pane marapiro here? 

Matikisi akaerekana, asingakoshi kufamba kwemamhasuru. Iwo anodzokorora, anochinja, polymorphic uye asingadzoreki uye anonyanya kukanganisa chiso. Tics haisi mhedzisiro yechirwere asi inogona kuve chiratidzo chemamwe pathologies akadai saGilles de la Tourette syndrome. Vanowedzerwa munguva dzekuzvidya mwoyo, kutsamwa uye kushungurudzika.

Pakati pe3 ne15% yevana vanobatwa nehuwandu hwevakomana. Ivo vanowanzo onekwa pakati pemakore mana kusvika masere ekuzvarwa, anonzi ezwi kana ruzha tic anoonekwa gare gare kupfuura mota tics. Kuomarara kwavo kunowanzo kuve kwakakura pakati pemakore 4 ne8 makore. Tics, kazhinji muvana, inonyangarika muhafu yezvidzidzo zvakapoteredza zera remakore 8. Iyi tic inonzi inopera, nepo tics inopfuurira kusvika pakukura inonzi "chisingaperi".

Tics inogona kuoneka panguva dzekuchinja dzakadai se:

• kudzokera kuchikoro,
• imba inofamba,
• nguva inoshungurudza.

Mamiriro ekunze anogona kuitawo basa sezvo mamwe matic achiwanikwa nekutevedzera nevaya vepedyo. Matic anoitwa zvakanyanya nekushushikana uye kushaya hope.

Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti tic inokonzerwa nedambudziko neuronal maturity. Mabviro aya anogona kutsanangura kutsakatika kweakawanda matic muhukuru, asi hazvisati zvaratidzwa nesainzi.

Kune marudzi akasiyana etic:

• mota,
• izwi,
• nyore
• .

Simple tics

Matic akareruka anoratidzwa nekufamba kamwe kamwe kana ruzha, pfupi, asi kazhinji zvinoda kuunganidzwa kwemhasuru imwe chete (kubwaira kwemaziso, kuchenesa huro).

Complex mota tics

Iyo yakaoma mota tic inobatanidzwa. "Idzo dzinosanganisira tsandanyama dzakati wandei uye dzine imwe nguva: dzinotaridzika sekufamba kwakajairika kwakaoma asi kudzokorora kwadzo kunoita kuti zvive zvakakosha" anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Francine Lussier, neuropsychologist uye munyori webhuku "Tics? OCD? Matambudziko anoputika? ”. Aya ndiwo, semuenzaniso, mafambiro akadai sekudzokorora kudzungudza musoro, kuzununguka, kusvetuka, kudzokorora kwemaitiro evamwe (echopraxia), kana kuzadzikiswa kwemaitiro anonyadzisa (copropraxia).

Complex vocal tics 

“Manzwi akaoma kunzwisisa anotevedzana asi anoiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kufanira: kudzokororwa kwezvirevo, mutauro usingaenzaniswi, kuvharika kunoratidza kundandama, kudzokorora mashoko ako pachako ( palilalia), kudzokororwa kwemashoko anonzwika ( echolalia), kududzwa kwemashoko anonyadzisa. (coprolalia) ”maererano neFrench Society of Pediatrics.

Kuwanda kweGilles de la Tourette syndrome kwakaderera zvikuru kudarika tic uye kunobata 0,5% kusvika 3% yevana. Chirwere chetsinga chine genetic component. Inozviratidza nemotor tic uye inonzwika kamwechete tic inokura panguva yehudiki uye inopfuurira kwehupenyu hwese kune akasiyana madhigirii ekuona. Chirwere ichi chinowanzobatanidzwa ne-obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCDs), kusagadzikana kwekutarisa, kunetseka, kunetseka, kusagadzikana kwemaitiro. 

Nekudaro, vanhu vakuru, sevana, vanogona kutambura nekusingaperi tic vasina kuongororwa Gilles de la Tourette. "Manyorero akareruka haasi iwo chaiwo chiratidzo cheGilles de la Tourette syndrome, ivo kazhinji vane hutsinye" inovimbisa neuropsychologist.

OCDs

OCDs kana obsessive-compulsive disorders anodzokororwa uye asina musoro asi maitiro asingadzokerike. Maererano neINSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research) “vanhu vanorwara neOCD vanonyanya kufunga nezvorucheno, kurongeka, kuenzanisa kana kuti vanopinzwa nokusava nechokwadi uye kutya kusina musoro. Kuti vaderedze kunetseka kwavo, vanoita tsika dzekurongedza, kugeza kana kutarisa kwemaawa akati wandei zuva rega rega mumatambudziko akakomba ”. OCD inzira isingafanirwe kuchinjika kumurwere, nepo tic inongoerekana yaitika uye yakasarudzika uye inoshanduka nekufamba kwenguva.

Tiki

Kusiyana neOCDs, tics ndeyekuzvidira mafambiro asi pasina iyo inoomesera pfungwa. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya zvinokanganisa zvakapoteredza 2% yevanhu uye zvinotanga mu 65% yematambudziko asati asvika makore 25. Vanogona kurapwa nekutora anti-depressant asi vanodawo rubatsiro rwepfungwa. Mishonga inonyanya kuva nechinangwa chekudzikisa zviratidzo, kubvumira hupenyu hwemazuva ose uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwenguva yakabatanidzwa nekudzokorora tsika dzetsika.

Matic anowanzoenda mushure megore. Kupfuura muganhu uyu, vanogona kuve vasingaperi, saka vasingakuvadzi, kana kuve chiratidzo chekunyevera chechirwere. Zvingave zvinokurudzirwa munyaya iyi kuonana neurologist kana mwana wepfungwa dzepfungwa, kunyanya kana tics ichiperekedzwa nezvimwe zviratidzo zvakadai sekuvhiringidza mukucherechedza, hyperactivity kana OCDs. Kana usina chokwadi, zvinokwanisika kuita electroencephalogram (EEG).

Tsvaga chikonzero chetiki

"Hatifanire kuranga, kana kutsvaga kuranga mwana ari kurwara netiki: izvo zvinongomuita kuti awedzere kutya uye awedzere maitiro ake" anotsanangura Francine Lussier. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekusimbisa mwana uye kutsvaga zvinhu izvo zvinokonzeresa kushushikana uye kushushikana. Sezvo mafambiro acho ari ega, zvakakosha kuzivisa mhuri yemurwere nevamiriri.

Ipa rubatsiro rwepfungwa

Rutsigiro rwepfungwa runogona kupihwa pamwe nekurapa maitiro kune vanhu vakura. Ngwarira, zvisinei: "kurapa kwemishonga kunofanira kuramba kwakasiyana" inotsanangura French Society of Pediatrics. Kurapa kunodiwa kana tics ichiremara, inorwadza kana magariro asina kunaka. Zvino zvinokwanisika kupa mushonga weClonidine. Muchiitiko che hyperactivity uye kukanganisa kwakabatana mukutarisisa, methylphenidate inogona kupihwa. Muzviitiko zvekusagadzikana kwemaitiro, risperidone inobatsira. Kana murwere aine maOCD anoparadza, sertraline inokurudzirwa. 

Dzidzira kuzorora

Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuderedza chiitiko chetiki nekuita kuzorora, kudzidzira mutambo wemitambo, kuridza chiridzwa. Iwo tic anogona kudzoreka panguva pfupi pfupi asi nemubhadharo wekunyanya kusungirirwa. Vanozopedzisira vamutswa zvakare mushure menguva pfupi.