Mukati
Tichiri kuziva zvishomanene nezvepasi redu. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya pakadzika kwemakungwa nemakungwa. Asi kunyange panyika pane nzvimbo dzinoshamisa fungidziro yemunhu. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzakadzika paPasi. Zvatinoziva pamusoro pavo uye panowanikwa nzvimbo dzakadzikira dzepasi - zvimwe pane izvozvo gare gare.
Makomba makuru kana mawere haawanzo kuwanikwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, asi pasi redu rine mamiriro akasiyana. Pamwe chete nenhongonya dzemakomo dzakakwirira, dzirikowo nzvimbo dzakadzika papasi redu zvose zvakasikwa uye zvakaitwa nevanhu.
10 Lake Baikal | 1 642 m
Zvingava kukanganisa kufunga kuti nzvimbo dzakadzika paPasi dziri mumakungwa nemakungwa chete. Baikal ine kudzika kwemamita 1 uye ndiyo yakadzika pakati pemadziva. Naizvozvo, vagari vomunharaunda vanowanzodaidza Baikal gungwa. Uku kudzika kunotsanangurwa nekwakabva tectonic yedhamu. Mamwe akawanda marekodhi uye zvinoshamisa zvakawanikwa zvakabatana nenzvimbo ino. Baikal inogona kunzi ndiyo hombe huru yemvura yakachena paPasi. Iri ndiro dziva rekaresa panyika yedu (rave nemakore anopfuura mamiriyoni 642) uye zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemaruva nemhuka zviri mudhamu racho hazviwaniki kumwe.
9. Kruber-Voronya Cave | 2 m
Kunewo hofori pakati pemapako. Bako reKrubera-Voronya (Abkhazia) nderenzvimbo dzakadzika dzePasi. Kudzika kwayo mamita maviri. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro pechikamu chakadzidzwa chebako. Zvinogoneka kuti rwendo runotevera ruchaenda kunyange kudzika uye kuseta rekodhi nyowani yakadzika. Bako rekarst rine matsime akabatanidzwa nendima nemagaraji. Yakatanga kuvhurwa muna 2. Ipapo mapako akakwanisa kudzika kusvika pakadzika 196 metres. Chipingamupinyi chemakiromita maviri chakakurirwa nerwendo rweour country rwemaspeleologists muna 1960.
8. Toronto Mine | 4 m
Mugodhi weTau Tona kuSouth Africa ndiwo mugodhi wakadzika pasi rose. Iri muRepublic of South Africa, kusiri kure neJohannesburg. Mugodhi mukuru wegoridhe uyu pasi rose unopinda muvhu kwemakiromita mana. Pakudzika kunoshamisa uku, kune guta rose repasi pevhu rine network yemakiromita-akareba tunnel. Kuti vasvike kubasa kwavo, vashandi vemugodhi vanofanira kupedza inenge awa. Kushanda pakadzika kwakadaro kunobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwenjodzi - iyi humidity, iyo inosvika 4% mune mamwe matavi emugodhi, kupisa kwemhepo yakakwirira, njodzi yekuputika kubva kune gasi rinopinda mumatanho uye kuputsika kubva pakudengenyeka kwenyika, kunoitika. kazhinji pano. Asi njodzi dzose dzebasa uye mari dzekuchengetedza kushanda kwemugodhi dzinobhadharwa negoridhe rakacherwa - munhoroondo yese yekuvapo kwemugodhi uyu, matani zana nemazana maviri ematare anokosha akacherwa muno.
7. Kola zvakanaka | 12 m
Iyo yakadzika tsime paPasi ndiyo Kola superdeep tsime, iro riri munharaunda yeRussia. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezviedzo zvisingawanzo uye zvinonakidza zvakaitwa nemasayendisiti eSoviet. Kuchera kwakatanga muna 1970 uye kwaingova nechinangwa chimwe chete - kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekukora kwePasi. Kola Peninsula yakasarudzwa kuti iedze nokuti matombo akare ePasi, anenge mamiriyoni matatu emakore, anouya pamusoro apa. Vaifarirawo zvikuru masayendisiti. Kudzika kwetsime mamita gumi nemaviri. Zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuita zviwanikwa zvisingatarisirwi uye kumanikidzwa kuongororazve pfungwa dzesainzi nezvekuitika kwematombo ePasi. Nehurombo, tsime, rakagadzirirwa chinangwa chesainzi chete, harina kuwana kushandiswa mumakore akatevera, uye sarudzo yakaitwa kuichengetedza.
Kupfuurirazve mune rondedzero yenzvimbo dzakadzika kwazvo papasi redu, pachava nehofori chaidzo - migero yepasi pemvura.
6. Izu-Bonin Trench | 9 810 m
Muna 1873-76, ngarava yeAmerican oceanographic Tuscarora yakaita ongororo yepasi pegungwa kuitira kuiswa kwetambo yepasi pemvura. Zvakawanda, zvakasiiwa kubva kuzvitsuwa zveJapan zveIzu, zvakanyora kudzika kwemamita masere. Gare gare, chikepe cheSoviet "Vityaz" muna 8 chakaisa kudzika kwepamusoro kwekuora mwoyo - 500 mamita.
5. Kuril-Kamchatsky Trench | 10 m
Kusvuta Kamchatka Trench - iyi haisi imwe chete yenzvimbo dzakadzika paPasi, kuora mwoyo ndiyowo yakamanikana muPacific Ocean. Iyo yakafara yegutter ndeye 59 metres, uye kudzika kwakadzika ndeye 10 metres. Basin iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwePacific Ocean. Pakati pezana remakore rapfuura, masayendisiti eSoviet akabatanidzwa mukudzidza kwayo pachikepe cheVityaz. Hapana kumwe kunzvera kwakadzama kwakaitwa. Guta rakavhurwa nengarava yekuAmerica inonzi Tuscarora uye yakatakura zita iri kwenguva yakareba kusvika razopihwa zita.
4. Trench Kermadec | 10 m
Inowanikwa muPacific Ocean kubva kuKermadec Islands. Iyo yakanyanya kudzika yekuora mwoyo ndeye 10 metres. Yakaongororwa nechikepe cheSoviet "Vityaz". Muna 047, pakadzika kwemakiromita 2008 muKermadec Trench, mhando yaimbozivikanwa yegungwa slugs kubva kumhuri yehove yakawanikwa. Vatsvakurudzi vakashamiswawo nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara dzeiyi nzvimbo yakadzika paPasi - hombe 7-centimita crustaceans.
3. Philippine Trench | 10 540 m
Mugero wePhilippine inovhura nzvimbo nhatu dzepamusoro dzakadzika pasi. 10 metres - uku ndiko kudzika kwayo. Yakaumbwa mamiriyoni amakore apfuura somugumisiro wokurovera kwemahwendefa epasi. Iri kumabvazuva kwePhilippine archipelago. Nenzira, masayendisiti ave achitenda kwenguva refu kuti Philippine Trench ndiyo yakadzika nzvimbo yePacific Ocean.
2. Trench Tonga | 10 882 m
Iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwePacific Ocean, pedyo nezvitsuwa zveTonga. Nzvimbo iyi inonakidza zvakanyanya nekuti inzvimbo inoshanda kwazvo seismic. Kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawanda kwakasimba kunoitika pano gore negore. Kudzika kwegomba rakadzika mamita gumi. Ingori 10 metres idiki pane Mariana Trench. Musiyano ungangoita chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzana, asi unoisa Tonga Trench munzvimbo yechipiri pane rondedzero yenzvimbo dzakadzika paPasi.
1. Mariana Trench | 10 994 m
Inowanikwa kumadokero kwePacific Ocean uye yakaita semwedzi muchena. Kureba kwegomba kunopfuura makiromita 2,5 zviuru, uye nzvimbo yakadzika ndeye 10 mamita. Inonzi Challenger Deep.
Nzvimbo yakadzika paPasi yakawanikwa muna 1875 nechikepe cheChirungu Challenger. Kusvika pari zvino, kuora mwoyo ndiyo yakanyanya kudzidzwa pane mamwe ese akadzika-gungwa migero. Vakaedza kusvika pasi payo panguva yekunyura ina: muna 1960, 1995, 2009 uye 2012. Nguva yekupedzisira mutungamiri James Cameron akadzika muMariana Trench ari oga. Kupfuura zvose, pasi pechimwiro chaimuyeuchidza nezvenzvimbo isina upenyu yemwedzi. Asi, kusiyana neSatellite yePasi, Mariana Trench inogarwa nezvisikwa zvipenyu. Vatsvagiri vakawana muchetura amoebae, mollusks nehove yakadzika-mugungwa pano inoratidzika kunge inotyisa. Sezvo pasina kumbove nekudzidza kwakazara kwemugero, kunze kwekudonha kwenguva pfupi, Mariana Trench inogona kuramba ichivanza zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza.