Kupopota

Kubvunda inzira yekubvunda kwemuviri kana nhengo dzawo. Iyo inodzorwa netsinga ipulses uye contractility yemhasuru fibers. Kazhinji, kudedera chiratidzo chekuchinja kwepathological mutsinga, asi inogona zvakare kuve episodic, inoitika mushure mekurovedza muviri kana kushushikana. Sei kudedera kuchiitika, kunogona kudzorwa uye ndinofanira kuona chiremba riinhi?

General maitiro ehurumende

Kudengenyeka kwetsandanyama kusingazvisarudziri uko munhu asingakwanisi kudzora. Imwe kana dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri dzinobatanidzwa mukuita (kazhinji kazhinji inowanikwa mumakumbo, zvishoma kazhinji mumusoro, mazwi, trunk). Varwere vezera rezera ndivo vanonyanya kubatwa nechaotic muscle contractions. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushaya simba kwemuviri uye zvirwere zvakabatana. Kazhinji, kudedera hakuiti kutyisidzira kwakakomba kuhupenyu, asi kunoderedza zvakanyanya kunaka kwayo. Kudedera kwacho kunogona kuva kwakasimba zvokuti kunoita kuti zvisaita kuti munhu akwanise kusimudza zvinhu zviduku kana kurara norugare.

Zvikonzero zvinogoneka zvebudiriro

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kudedera kunokonzerwa nekushungurudzika kana maitiro ehutachiona muzvikamu zvakadzika zvehuropi hunokonzera kufamba. Kurwisana kusingazviiti kunogona kuva chiratidzo che multiple sclerosis, sitiroko, neurodegenerative zvirwere (somuenzaniso, chirwere cheParkinson). Vanogona zvakare kuratidza kutadza kweitsvo / chiropa kana kusashanda zvakanaka kwethyroid gland. Muchiito chekurapa, pane kazhinji kacho kunofanirwa kubvunda nekuda kweiyo genetic factor.

Dzimwe nguva kudedera hakuratidzi chirwere, asi ndeyekudzivirira kwemuviri kune kunze kwekunze. Pakati pavo - mercury poisoning, kudhakwa kwedoro, kushushikana mupfungwa kwakasimba. Muchiitiko ichi, kudengenyeka kunogara kwenguva pfupi uye kunopera pamwe chete nekukurudzira.

Kudedera hakumboitiki pasina chikonzero. Kana iwe usingakwanisi kutsanangura kwakabva kudengenyeka kana kusimba kwayo kunotarisa kunotyisa, bvunza chiremba.

Kurongeka kwezvibvumirano zvisingaite

Vanachiremba vanoparadzanisa kudengenyeka muzvikamu zvina - chekutanga, chechipiri, chepfungwa uye kudedera muzvirwere zvepakati penheyo system. Kudengenyeka kwekutanga kunoitika sechisikigo chekudzivirira chekuita kwemuviri kutonhora, kutya, kudhakwa uye hazvidi kurapwa. Zvikamu zvakasara zvinoratidza zvirwere zvakakomba zvinoda kurapwa.

Classification maererano nemaitiro ezvaitika

Kudedera kunogona kukura muzviitiko zviviri chete - panguva yebasa kana zororo remasuru. Kudengenyeka kwekuita (chiito) kunokonzeresa panguva yekuzvidira kukochekera kwemhasuru fibers. Kuchiratidzo chekuti sisitimu yetsinga inotumira kune tsandanyama, akati wandei mamwe mafungiro akabatana, izvo zvinokonzera kudedera. Chiito kudedera kunogona kuva postural, kinetic uye nemaune. Kudedera kwepashure kunoitika pakubata chimiro, kudengenyeka kwekinetic kunoitika panguva yekufamba, uye kubvunda nemaune kunoitika kana uchiswedera kune chinangwa (semuenzaniso, paunenge uchiedza kutora chimwe chinhu, bata kumeso / chimwe chikamu chemuviri).

Kudengenyeka kwekuzorora kunoitika chete munzvimbo yakasununguka, inonyangarika kana kudzima zvishoma panguva yekufamba. Kazhinji kazhinji, chiratidzo chinoratidza kufambira mberi kwechirwere chetsinga. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichifambira mberi, iyo amplitude yekushanduka-shanduka inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo inokanganisa zvakanyanya mararamiro ehupenyu uye inoderedza kushanda kwemunhu.

Mhando dzekudengenyeka

Mhando huru dzekudengenyeka dzinosanganisira:

1. Physiological kudedera. Kazhinji kazhinji inoiswa mumawoko uye isinganzwikwe nemunhu. Iyo ndeyenguva pfupi uye inoitika inopesana nemashure ekufunganya, kushanda zvakanyanya, kuratidzwa kune yakaderera tembiricha, kudhakwa kwedoro kana chepfu yemakemikari. Zvakare, kubvunda kwemuviri kunogona kuve mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwemishonga ine simba.
2. Dystonic kudedera. Mamiriro acho akajairika kune varwere vane dystonia. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, inoitika kumusana weiyo dystonic posture uye zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera sezvo chirwere chinokura.
3. neuropathic kudengenyeka. Postural-kinetic kudedera, kazhinji kunokonzerwa neiyo genetic predisposition.
4. Kudengenyeka kwakakosha. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvakagadzirirwa mumaoko, zviri zviviri. Kubatana kwetsandanyama kunogona kuvhara kwete maoko chete, asiwo torso, musoro, miromo, makumbo, uye kunyange tambo dzezwi. Kudengenyeka kwakakosha kunotapuriranwa nemajini. Inowanzo kuperekedzwa nehunyoro dhigirii re torticollis, tsandanyama toni mumigumo, uye spasm panguva yekunyora.
5. Iatrogenic kana kudengenyeka kwezvinodhaka. Inoitika semugumisiro kubva pakushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kana zviito zvisina unyanzvi zvechiremba.
6. Parkinsonian kudedera. Iyi ndiyo inonzi "kudedera kuzorora", iyo inopera simba panguva yekufamba kana chero chimwe chiitiko. Chiratidzo chinoratidza chirwere cheParkinson, asi chinogonawo kuitika mune dzimwe zvirwere ne parkinsonism syndrome (somuenzaniso, ine multisystem atrophy). Kazhinji kazhinji inowanikwa mumaoko, dzimwe nguva makumbo, miromo, chirebvu zvinobatanidzwa mukuita, zvishoma kazhinji musoro.
7. Cerebellar kudedera. Uku kudedera kweune, kusingawanzo kuratidzwa senge postural. Muviri unobatanidzwa mukubvunda, zvishoma kazhinji musoro.
8. Holmes kudedera (rubral). Musanganiswa wekusazvidira postural uye kinetic contractions inoitika pakuzorora.

Zvimiro zvekurapa

Kubata tsandanyama hakudi nguva dzose kurapwa. Dzimwe nguva kuratidzwa kwavo hakuna kukosha zvekuti munhu haanzwe kusagadzikana uye anoramba achishanda mune yakajairika rhythm. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kutsvaga kurapwa kwakakodzera zvakananga kunoenderana nekuongororwa.

Kudedera kunoongororwa sei?

Kuongororwa kunobva pakuongorora nhoroondo yehutano hwemurwere, physiological uye neurological kuongorora. Padanho rekuongorora kwepanyama, chiremba anoratidza nzira yekuvandudza, nzvimbo uye kuratidzwa kwekudengenyeka (amplitude, frequency). Neurological kuongorora inofanirwa kuunganidza mufananidzo wakakwana wechirwere. Zvichida kudedera kusingatarisirwi kunobatanidzwa nokutadza kutaura, kuoma kwetsandanyama kwakawedzera, kana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kujairika.

Mushure mekuongorora kwekutanga, chiremba anotumira kutumira kune weti yakawanda uye kuongororwa ropa, kuongororwa kweropa rebiochemical. Izvi zvichabatsira kubvisa metabolic zvinhu pakukura kwekudengenyeka (somuenzaniso, kusashanda zvakanaka kwethyroid gland). Kutevera diagnostic manipulations zvinoenderana nehunhu hwemurwere. Somuenzaniso, nyanzvi inogona kupa electromyogram (EMG). EMG inzira yekudzidza kuita tsandanyama uye tsandanyama mhinduro kune kukurudzira.

Muchiitiko chekukuvara kwehuropi, vanopa kutumira kune CT kana MRI, uye nekudedera kwakanyanya (munhu haagone kubata peni / forogo) - yekudzidza inoshanda. Murwere anopiwa kuti aite maekisesaizi akawanda, maererano neayo chiremba anoongorora mamiriro emhasuru dzake uye kuita kwehurongwa hwetsinga kune rimwe basa. Iwo maekisesaizi ari nyore kwazvo - bata mhino yako nemunwe wako, kotamisa kana kusimudza ruoko, zvichingodaro.

Kurapa uye kuvhiyiwa kurapwa

Kudedera kwakakosha kunogona kurapwa ne beta-blockers. Mushonga haungogadzirisi ropa chete, asiwo unobvisa kushungurudzika pamasumbu. Kana muviri ukaramba kupindura kune beta-blocker, chiremba anogona kupa mishonga yakakosha yekurwisa-seizure. Kune mamwe marudzi ekudengenyeka, apo kurapwa kukuru kusati kwashanda, uye iwe unoda kubvisa kudengenyeka nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, tranquilizers inorayirwa. Vanopa zvigumisiro zvenguva pfupi uye zvinogona kukonzera kurara, kushayikwa kwekubatana uye nhamba yemigumisiro isingadiwi. Uyezve, kushandiswa nguva dzose kweanonyaradza kunogona kukonzera kuvimba. Majekiseni emuchetura weBotulinum kana kuti high-intensity yakanangana neultrasound inogona kushandiswawo pakurapa.

Usazvirapa wega. Kunyatsotevera mazano echiremba, usashandura madheji akaratidzwa, kuti urege kuwedzera mamiriro acho ezvinhu.

Kana kurapwa kusingashande, vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira dzekuvhiya - kudzika kwehuropi kusimudzira kana radiofrequency ablation. Chii? Kukurudzira huropi hwakadzama inzira yekuvhiya iyo pulsed mudziyo unopinzwa pasi peganda rechipfuva. Iyo inoburitsa maelectrodes, inoatumira kune thalamus (yakadzika uropi chimiro chinokonzeresa kufamba), uye nekudaro inobvisa kudedera. Radiofrequency ablation inopisa iyo thalamic nerve, iyo inokonzera kusagadzikana kwemhasuru kusungirirwa. Tsinga inorasikirwa nekukwanisa kuburitsa zvinokurudzira kweinenge mwedzi mitanhatu.

Medical prognosis

Kudedera hakusi kutyisidzira hupenyu, asi kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kwehupenyu. Zviitwa zvemazuva ese, sekusuka ndiro, kudya, kutaipa, zvinokonzeresa kana kuti hazvigoneke zvachose. Uyezve, kudedera kunoganhurira nzanga uye kurovedza muviri. Munhu anoramba kutaurirana, basa rekugara, kuitira kuti adzivise mamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka, kunyadziswa nezvimwe zvinhu.

Chirevo chekurapa chinoenderana nechikonzero chinokonzera rhythmic contractions, zvakasiyana-siyana uye hunhu hwemunhu. Semuenzaniso, zviratidzo zvekudengenyeka kwakakosha zvinogona kuwedzera nezera. Uyezve, pane humbowo hwekuti kubvunda kusingaite kwakabatana nenjodzi yakawedzera yekuvandudza mamwe mamiriro euoodegenerative (akadai sechirwere cheAlzheimer). Kudengenyeka kwepanyama uye kwezvinodhaka kunorapwa nyore nyore, saka kufungidzira kwakanakira ivo, asi zvakanyanya kuoma kubvisa zvinhu zvenhaka. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuonana nachiremba panguva yakakodzera uye kutanga kurapa.