Muchinyorwa chino, tichatarisa tsananguro, zvinhu zvikuru uye marudzi eimwe yezvimiro zvakajairika munzvimbo - koni. Ruzivo rwakaratidzwa runoperekedzwa nemadhirowa anoenderana kuti aone zviri nani.
Tsanangudzo yekoni
Tevere, isu tichatarisa iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mhando yekoni - denderedzwa rakananga. Zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvechiverengero zvakanyorwa muchikamu chekupedzisira chekubudiswa.
Saka, yakatwasuka denderedzwa koni - Ichi chimiro chejometri chetatu-dimensional chinowanikwa nekutenderera kwekona katatu kumativi ose emakumbo ayo, iyo munyaya iyi ichava axis yemufananidzo. Mukuona kweizvi, dzimwe nguva koni yakadaro inonzi cone of Revolution.
Koni mumufananidzo uri pamusoro inowanikwa semugumisiro wekutenderera kwekona katatu CDA (kana BCD) kumativi gumbo CD.
Zvinhu zvikuru zvekoni
- R ndiyo radius yedenderedzwa iri cone base. Pakati pedenderedzwa pane poindi D, dhayamita - chikamu AB.
- h (CD) - kureba kwekoni, iyo yose iri axis yemufananidzo uye gumbo rekona katatu CDA or BCD.
- nguva C - pamusoro pekoni.
- l (CA, CB, CL и CM) majenareta ekoni; aya zvikamu zvinobatanidza pamusoro pekoni nemapoinzi padenderedzwa rehwaro hwayo.
- Axial chikamu chekoni iri isosceles triangle ABC, iyo inoumbwa semugumisiro wekupindirana kwekoni nendege inopfuura nepakati payo.
- Cone pamusoro - inosanganisira yayo lateral pamusoro uye hwaro. Mafomu ekuverenga , pamwe chete nekona yekodzero yedenderedzwa inoratidzwa muzvinyorwa zvakasiyana.
Pane hukama pakati pejeneratrix yekoni, kureba kwayo uye radius yechigadziko (maererano ne):
l2 =h2 +R2
Kuongorora koni - iyo yakatarisana nepamusoro pekoni, yakaiswa mundege; chikamu chedenderedzwa.
- yakaenzana nedenderedzwa repasi pekoni (kureva 2πR);
- α - tsvaira kona (kana yepakati kona);
- l ndiyo chikamu cheradius.
Cherechedza: Takaongorora makuru mune rimwe bhuku rakasiyana.
Mhando dzemakoni
- koni yakatwasuka - ine symmetrical base. Iyo orthogonal fungidziro yekumusoro kwechifananidzo ichi pazasi ndege inopindirana nepakati pechigadziko ichi.
- Oblique (oblique) koni - iyo orthogonal fungidziro yepamusoro yemufananidzo pachigadziko chayo haienderane nechepakati pechigadziko ichi.
- (conical layer) - chikamu chekoni chinoramba chiri pakati pechigadziko chayo uye ndege yekucheka inopindirana nenheyo yakapiwa.
- denderedzwa koni Nheyo yemufananidzo idenderedzwa. Kune zvakare: elliptic, parabolic uye hyperbolic cones.
- equilateral cone - koni yakatwasuka, iyo generatrix yakaenzana nehupamhi hwechigadziko chayo.